The Reason For Dr. Hanibal To Kill The 9 People In Thomas Harris’s Novel “The Silience Of The Lambs”

THE REASON FOR Dr. HANIBAL TO KILL THE 9 PEOPLE IN THOMAS HARRIS’S NOVEL “THE SILIENCE OF THE LAMBS”

A PAPER

BY

BOBBY L.A TURANGAN REG. NO. 122202081

DIPLOMA III ENGLISH STUDY PROGRAM FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDY

UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN

AUTHOR’S DECLARATION

I am, Bobby Turangan , declare that I am the sole author of this paper. Except where references are made in text of this paper, this paper contains no material published else where or extracted in whole or in part from a paper by which I have qualified for awarded another degree.

No other person’s work has been used without due acknowledgement in the main text of the paper. This paper has not been submitted for aware of another degree in any tertiary education.

Signed : Date :

COPYRIGHT DECLARATION

Name : Bobby Turangan

Title of this paper : The Reasons for Dr. Hannibal to Kill the 9 People In Thomas Harris’s Novel “The Silence Of The Lambs”

Qualification : D-III/ Ahli Madya

Department : English

I am willing that my paper should be available for reproduction at the discretion on the librarian of the English Department, Faculty of Culture Studies, University of Sumatra Utara on the understanding that users are made aware of their obligation under law of the Republic Indonesia.

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ABSTRAK

Kertaskaryainiberjudul The Reasons for Dr. Hannibal to Kill the 9 People In Thomas Harris’s Novel “The Silence Of The Lambs”. Iniadalahtentangalasanmengapa Dr. Lectermembunuhparakorban-korbannya yang terdapatdalam novel The Silence of The Lambs yang ditulisoleh Thomas Harris.DeskripsiinibertujuanuntukmenjelaskantentangperjuanganDr. Hannibal Lecteruntukbebasdaripenjaradenganmemanfaatkankeadaan yang ada, iaberusahamencaricelah agar iaterbebasdaripenjara. Dalampenyusunankertaskaryainipenulismenggunakanmetodepenelitiankepustakaa

n (Library Research) denganmembacabeberapabuku yang berhubungandenganjudulinidansebagaisumberuntukmendapatkaninformasi yang bisamendukungjudulinidanjugapenelusurandari internet untukmelengkapi data yang telahdikumpulkan.

ABSTRACT

This paper is entitledThe Reasons for Dr. Hannibal to Kill the 9 People In Thomas Harris’s Novel “The Silence Of The Lambs”. It is about the description of the reasons why Dr. Lecterkill his victims that is mentioned in The Silence of The Lambs Novel written by Thomas Harris. This description aims to explain the struggle of Dr. Hannibal Lecter to be free from the jail with using the environment and the situation. He is trying to get away and seek his freedom out of the jail. In composing this paper, the writer uses the Library Research by reading some books that is relevant to this title or as a source to get information that can support this title and also by searching on internet to complete the data that have been collected.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

First of all, I would like to thank God Almightly, for giving me His blessing, mercy and guidance. Because His pure will, I can immediately accomplish this paper.

In this opportunity, I would like to express my gratittude to the Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies Dr. SyahronLubis, M.A and the Head of English Department Dr. Matius C.A. Sembiring, M.A. Then I would like to express my special gratittude to my supervisor Drs. BahagiaTarigan, M.A. for his time, advice, and guidance to correct this paper during the process of writing and to my reader too. I also thank other lectures of English Diploma III Program who have given such great knowledge in teaching me during my academic years.

I would like to express my deepest gratitude, love, and appreciation to:

• My beloved parents, Drs. BoykeTurangan, M.Sp and Luisa Chatrine,

S.E. for their love and patience, supporting me morally, spiritually, and financially in completing this paper.

• My beloved sister and brotherAdeline Bianca LaureenTurangan and

Imam Cornelius Christopher Turangan for their support and love.

• All lectures in Diploma III English Study Program for giving me advice

• My best friends Budi HalimLubis, RahmatFuad, FiqriHanafiah, Jefry Andreas, GilangTirtaArya, Yogi J. Pratama, ShellaNovianti, Ahmad Amrin, DominicusDipomagtoRagiomesa, Eldo Nope Nevli and the others.

• All my classmates in Diploma III English Study Program who I cannot

mention one by one here.

Finally, I hope that this paper will be worthwile to the readers. And I also recieve any constructive criticism to develop this paper.

Medan, August 2015 The Writer

REG. NO : 122202081 Bobby L A Turangan

TABLE OF CONTENTS

AUTHOR’S DECLARATION ... i

COPYRIGHT DECLARATION ... ii

ABSTRAK ... iii

ABSTRACT ... iv

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ... v

TABLE OF CONTENTS ... vii

1. INTRODUCTION 1.1Background of the Study ... 1

1.2Problem of the Study ... 2

1.3Scope of the Study ... 3

1.4Objective of the Study ... 3

1.5Purpose of the Study ... 3

1.6Reason for Choosing the Topic ... 4

1.7Method of Study ... 4

2. REVIEW AND RELATED OF LITERATURE ... 5

2.1Literature ... 5

2.2Novel ... 6

2.3Character ... 8

2.4Plot ... 10

2.5Setting ... 11

2.6Intrinsic Approach ... 12

3. THE ANALYSIS ... 13

3.1The Reasons for Dr. Hannibal to Kill People ... 13

3.2The Characters in Dr. Hannibal ... 15

3.3The motives Dr. Hannibal for Killing People ... 18

4. CONCLUSSION AND SUGGESTION 4.1Conclusion ... 26

4.2Suggestion ... 27

REFERENCES ... 28

Biography ... 29

ABSTRAK

Kertaskaryainiberjudul The Reasons for Dr. Hannibal to Kill the 9 People In Thomas Harris’s Novel “The Silence Of The Lambs”. Iniadalahtentangalasanmengapa Dr. Lectermembunuhparakorban-korbannya yang terdapatdalam novel The Silence of The Lambs yang ditulisoleh Thomas Harris.DeskripsiinibertujuanuntukmenjelaskantentangperjuanganDr. Hannibal Lecteruntukbebasdaripenjaradenganmemanfaatkankeadaan yang ada, iaberusahamencaricelah agar iaterbebasdaripenjara. Dalampenyusunankertaskaryainipenulismenggunakanmetodepenelitiankepustakaa

n (Library Research) denganmembacabeberapabuku yang berhubungandenganjudulinidansebagaisumberuntukmendapatkaninformasi yang bisamendukungjudulinidanjugapenelusurandari internet untukmelengkapi data yang telahdikumpulkan.

ABSTRACT

This paper is entitledThe Reasons for Dr. Hannibal to Kill the 9 People In Thomas Harris’s Novel “The Silence Of The Lambs”. It is about the description of the reasons why Dr. Lecterkill his victims that is mentioned in The Silence of The Lambs Novel written by Thomas Harris. This description aims to explain the struggle of Dr. Hannibal Lecter to be free from the jail with using the environment and the situation. He is trying to get away and seek his freedom out of the jail. In composing this paper, the writer uses the Library Research by reading some books that is relevant to this title or as a source to get information that can support this title and also by searching on internet to complete the data that have been collected.

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study

Literature according to Roberts and Jacobs (1995:2) refers to compositions that tells stories, dramatize situations, express emotions, and analyze and advocate ideas.

An idea is resulted from general and abstract thinking. In literature, ideas relate to meaning, interpretation, explanation and significance. Literature embodies values along with ideas. Ideas are vital to an understanding and appreciation of literature. Ideas are not as obvious as character or setting. It is important to consider the meaning of what you’ve read and then developed an explanatory and comprehensive assertion. Ideas can be found in any of these: direct statements by the authorial voice, direct statements by a first-person speaker, direct dramatic statements by characters, figurative language, characters who stand for ideas, and the work itself.

Literature may be classified into four categories or genres: (1) prose fiction, (2) poetry, (3) drama, and (4) nonfiction prose. This paper has a focus on prose fiction, particularly on novel. Novel according to Hawthorn (1985:1)refers to a fictitious narrative prose or tale of considerable long (now usually one long enough to fill one or more volumes) in which characters and actions are representatives of the real life of past or present times portrayed in a plot of more or less complexity.

This paper provides an analysis about unique values in Thomas Harris’s Novel The Silence of The Lambs. The word “unique” is generally defined as position that shares an intelectual as a serial killer that makes the main character become the mastermind of his work. In literature, a man is equal to character or person that takes part in the story of the novel. That is why the focus of analysis in this paper is the main character’s personality which leads him to become a sociopath.

The writer could find out in the novel of Thomas Harris such uniqueness where the values are debatable. Dr. Hannibal Lecter is a serial killer who has a mental illness, who is cannibal (eating human body parts). He is an expert in psychology and is able to frighten, manipulate, and bend others to his will with mere words. This is the background as well as the reason why the writer chooses the title: The Reason for Dr. Hannibal to kill the 9 people in Thomas Harris’s Novel The Silence of The Lambs.

1.2 Problem of the Study

The problems of the study are formulated as follows:

1. What are the reasons for Dr. Hannibalto kill the 9 people in Thomas

Harris’s Novel The Silence of The Lambs?

2. What are the characters of the playersin the novel The Silence of The

Lambs?

3. What are the motives of Dr. Hannibal killing some people in The

1.3 Scope of the Study

The scope of study only focuses on the dark side of the character and on the darkness in the novel.

1.4 The Objective of the Study

In relation to the problem of the study above, the objectives of the study are:

1. To mention the kinds of reasons for Dr. Hannibal to kill in Thomas

Harris’s Novel The Silence of The Lambs.

2. To describe the characters of the players in Thomas Harris’s Novel The

Silence of The Lambs.

1.5 The Purpose of the Study

The puropse of the study is to describe the reason and motiveof the killing, and to analyze the main characters in the The Silence of The Lambs Novel.

1.6 The Reason for Choosing the Topic

The writer chooses the topic because this novel has an interesting story about how clever and genius Dr. Hannibal Lecter is. And the writer is interested in finding out the personal character as stated as “Pure Sociopath”. The writer is also fascinated about his pschoanalysis and other character such as Clarice Starling.

1.7 Method of the Study

In writing this paper, the writer useslibrary research. The writer reads some books related to the topic and gathers information from internet to analyse the characters in the novel.

2. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 2.1 Literature

Literature as the core of artistic writing always becomes the object of analysis or research for those related to the scope of academics. The analysis of the literature can be very wide; then people attempt to analyze it through its genres.

Commonly, many people know that literature genres can be divided into three parts, they are: poetry, prose, and drama. But, this is not proper to be a reference in a scientific analysis, since the division does not cover all forms of literary genres universally. Robert (1995:2) said that “Literature may be classified into four categories or genres: (1) prose fiction, (2) poetry, (3) drama, and (4) non fiction prose. Usually the first three are classed as imaginative literature.”

Based on quotation above, the literary genres can be divided into four genres, they are: prose fiction, poetry, drama, and non fiction prose. The prose fiction itself, has some sub-genres, just as stated by Robert(1995:2) that“There are: prose fiction, narrative fiction, includes myths, parables, romances, novels, and short stories”. While, the complete division of prose fiction’s genres as stated by Taylor (1981:32) said that there are a great many sub divisions of narrative fiction but they group themselves roughly into antique or outmoded forms: the folktale, epic, romance, allegory, and satire on the other hand; and contemporary forms: the short story and novel on the other hand.

Shortly, Taylor (1981: 50) divided the prose fiction into seven sub division, they are: the folk tale, the romance, allegory, satire novel, epic, and short story. Through the quotations above, it is known that the prose fiction is divided into some sub divisions; one of them is the short story.

2.2 Novel

Taylor said that novel is a prose work of quite some length and complexity, which attempts to reflect and express the quality or value of human experience or conduct. It means novel as a genre of literature isn’t merely an irrational imagination but it is a reflection of human experience to learn the value of human experience itself. There are number of elements in a novel. They are plot, character, setting, point of view, and style. Plot is event and their sequence of occurrence; character is agent of motivation and reactions to events; setting is point of reference for character and action; point of view focus of the narrator’s knowledge and values; style focus of the author’s attitudes and values.

Since, the writer will analyze the description of characters. This paper only focuses on characters. A character in a novel is not a real human being and has no life outside the literary composition, how well the author has created the illusion of reality. A character (Taylor, 1981: 62) is a mere construction of words meant to express an idea or a view experience and must be considered in relation to other features of the composition, such as action/plot, before its full significance can be appreciated. It means that it is impossible to have action without characters; events are determined by character and character is also

defined by events. The conception and presentation of character therefore has a great effect on the significance of a novel as the selection of events and their ordering.

Taylor (1981:77) said that there are some methods of characterization. The rendering of creation of character far more than the commonplace ideas of direct description and reported dialogue: what the character says and does or what others say about him. Directs statement of character analysis and motive are often stated by authors or narrators, but more subtle methods are also used in every work of fiction. The simple fact of choosing a name is a real indication of character. Repeated mannerisms, such as oddities of speech and movement or an obsession, which is peculiar to one figure alone, also tend to characterize people, as do their clothes or possessions. The faces and physiques of individuals are generally explicit indications of character or personality and an author may even include physical elements, which have conventional associations or meanings in order to build up the desired qualities of personality. Characterization through association with physical setting is another effective method for authors who wish to imply and suggest qualities of personality, while the use of figurative language and patterns of images associated with different character is still another indirect way of investing a fictional creation with character. Regardless of what methods are used in characterization, all characters are not developed to the same degree or depth. For the purpose of a particular plot and theme, the author may need a character or characters of great psychological complexity, or, on the other hand, characters of great are of little interest in themselves but who represent a

particular attribute or quality. Taylor (1981: 78) also stated that there are two kinds of character. The first include those fictional creations who have complex many-faceted personalities and an independent inner life which invites the reader’s interest, while flat characters are those who exhibit only one character trait or motivation and whose main claim to the reader’s interest is in the actions they perform or the quality they represent.

Both round and flat characters are equally capable of changing their natures, depending on what happens to them, but no one of these types is required to undergo such a development in order to be considered a successful creation. The more fully developed characters will always draw attention to inner conflict and psychological complexities, while the flatter creations will direct attention away from themselves towards the ideas and forces at work in that particular fiction.

2.3 Character

Characters are the persons presented in works of narrative (such as a novel, drama, or film) who convey their personal qualities through dialogues and actions by which the reader or audience understand their thoughts, feelings, intentions and motives.

Abram (1981:76) says that character is people who are appeared in a narrative prose or novel and it is interpreted by the readers as a person who has moral quality and certain tendency such as being expressed in what they say and what they do.

Novelists try to create fictional people whose situations affect the reader as the situation of real people. Authors describe the more simple characters in novels with no more than few phrases that identify the character’s most important traits. In their book An Introduction to Reading and Writing about Literature, Roberts and Jacobs describe that in analyzing a literary character, the writer begins to determine the character’s outstanding traits. A trait is a quality of mind or habitual mode behavior, such as never repaying borrowed money, avoiding eye contact, or always thinking oneself the center of attention. Sometimes, of course, the traits we encounter are minor and therefore negligible. But often a trait may be a person’s primary characteristic (not only in fiction but also in life). Thus, characters may be ambitious, lazy, serene or anxious, aggressive or fearful, thoughtful or inconsiderate, open or secretive, confident or self-doubting, kind or cruel, quiet or noisy, visionary or practical, careful or careless, impartial or biased, straightforward or underhanded, “winner or loser”, and so on (1995: 132).

Foster (1927) says, “There are two basic types of characters “round character” and “flat character.”

Round character is a major character in a work of fiction that encounters conflict and is changed by it. Round characters tend to be more fully developed and described than most love in fiction, they probably seem as real to you as people you know in real life. This is a good sign that they are round characters. A writer employs a number of tools or elements to develop a character, making him or her round, including

Flat character is a minor character in a work of fiction that does not undergo substantial change or growth in the course of a story. Also referred to as "two-dimensional characters" or supporting role to the main character, which as a rule should be round. Though we don't generally strive to write flat characters, they are often necessary in a story, along with round characters.

2.4 Plot

Foster (1927) defines plot as a literary term used to describe the events that make up a story or the main part of a story. These events relate to each other in a pattern or a sequence. The structure of a novel depends on the organization of events in the plot of the story.Plot is known as the foundation of a novel or story which the characters and settings are built around. It is meant to organize information and events in a logical manner. When writing the plot of a piece of literature, the author has to be careful that it does not dominate the other parts of the story.

Foster (1927) classifies plot into five main elements. The first is the exposition or the introduction. This is known as the beginning of the story where characters and setting are established. The conflict or main problem is introduced as well. The second element of a plot is known as the rising action which occurs when a series of events build up to the conflict. The main characters are established by the time the rising action of a plot occurs and at the same time, events begin to get complicated. It is during this part of a story that excitement,

tension or crisis is encountered. The third element of a plot is known as the climax or the main point of the plot. This is the turning point of the story and is meant to be the moment of highest interest and emotion. The reader wonders what is going to happen next. The fourth element of a plot is known as falling action or the winding up of the story. Events and complications begin to resolve and the result of actions of the main characters are put forward. The last element of a plot is the resolution or the conclusion. It is the end of a story and ends with either a happy or a tragic ending.

2.5 Setting

According to Roberts and Jacobs (1995:158), setting is concerned with the places where story take a place. Setting refers to geographical location of the story, time period, daily lifestyle of the characters and climate of the story. Background elements can be divided into three main elements, namely a place, time, and social. Backgrounds on the location of the place suggest the occurrence of the events recounted in a work of fiction. The setting is important to give realistic impression to the readers, created a certain situation at a glanced is really happened.

The setting provides the historical and cultural context for characters. It often can symbolize the emotional state of characters. Stories actually have two types of setting: Physical and Chronological. The Physical setting is of course where the story takes place. Likewise, the chronological setting, the “when” can be equally general or specific.

From above the statement, it can be concluded that setting is the place or location of action. Setting refers to geographical location of the story, time period, daily lifestyle of the characters. The setting provides the historical and cultural context for characters.

2.6 Intrinsic Approach

In analyzing a literary work, such as a novel, we need to apply some approaches to get the better ideas of understanding of how to analyze this literary work. These approaches can be applied to analyze a literary work from the inside, or from the both sides of aspects of literary work itself. In this case, the writer applies intrinsic approach to analyze a novel from the inside of its text.

Intrinsic approach is introduced by Rene Wellek and Austin (1977:139-141). They define intrinsic approach as an approach of literary analysis that builds literary works from the inside of the text. Intrinsic approach uses no other materials of information from the outside field of study, but the literary work itself. When we study a novel, for example, we focus the analysis only the text of the novel. Thus, the analysis of intrinsic approach purely uses the information contained inside of the text which deals with the analysis of the content which implies some elements of form: plot, character, setting and style. These elements support each other to create a story.

3. THE ANALYSIS

3.1 THE REASONS FOR Dr. HANNIBAL TO KILL PEOPLE

1. PURE SOCIOPATH

Dr. Hannibal Lecter is consideredas a pure sociopath with the big reason he’s capable of doing such an irrational description to his victims. It can be seen from the following quote:

“ Amputate a man’s leg and he can still feel it tickling. Tell me, mum, when your little girl is on the slab, where will it tickle you?” (The Silence of The lambs, 1989: 201)

2. AMUSEMENT

The motivation for a few Lecter’s actions. It is mentioned that Lecter used certain patients and set them loose on society for his amusement. It can be seen from the following quote:

“Terns? If I help you, Clarice, it will be “turns” with us too. Quid pro quo. I tell you things, you tell me things. Not about this case, though. About yourself. Quid pro quo. Yes or no?” (The Silence of The Lambs, 1989: 163)

3. RUDE/SEXUAL HARASSMENT

As a serial killer, Dr. Hannibal is known for killing rude people; he really doesn’t like people who are rude. His definition of rude can often be different from a normal person’s. It can be seen from the following quote:

“Now then, tell me. What did Miggs say to you? Multiple Miggs in the next cell. He hissed at you. What did he say?”“He said, I can smell your cunt.”

“I see. I myself cannot. You use Evian skin cream, and sometimes you wear L’Air du Temps, but not today.” (The Silence of The Lambs, 1989: 18)

4. ANNOYING BEHAVIOR

Hannibal Lecter doesn’t like deviant behavior which annoys him with this activity. According to Lecter, Jame Gumb only thinks he’s a transsexual due to his hatred of his own identity. He’s not comfortable with his own skin so this is considered as a mental disorder and Gumb is Raspail’s ex boyfriend. From the beginning, Benjamin Raspail becomes Lecter patient and his therapy doesn’t go anywhere with his relationship with Jame Gumb that turns out they are gay couple. It can be seen from the following quote:

“Look for severe childhood disturbances associated with violence. Our Billy wasn’t born a criminal, Clarice. He was made one through years of systematic abuse. Billy hates his own identity, you see, and he thinks that makes him transsexual. But his pathology is a thousand times more savage and more terrifying.” (The Silence of The Lambs, 1989: 169)

5. WHINING AND COMPLAINING

Hannibal Lecter doesn’t like people who complain a lot and whining about their problems. He feels annoyed with his patient Benjamin Raspail that lied to Lecter but he knows Raspail lied about his therapy session. Lecter decided to kill Raspail because for that reason; whining and complaining that trigger Lecter annoyed. It can be seen from the following quote:

“Oh yes, under the confidential seal of therapy sessions. I think it was a lie. Raspail always embellished the facts. Raspail was too flabby and weak to have strangled him.” (The Silence of The Lambs, 1989: 59)

Murder is perhaps the single most serious criminal offense. Depending on the circumstances surrounding the killing, a person who convicted of murder may sentenced to many years in prison.

According to Clarkson (1994) the precise definition of murder varies jurisdction to jurisdiction. The Law of murder is set out in common law. The legal definition of murder is ‘the unlawful killing of a human being in the Queen’s peace, with malice aforethought’ which has been interpreted by the courts as meaning Intention to kill or intention to cause GBH (Grievous bodily harm).

3.2 The Main Characters

There are 2 killers in this Novel; Dr. Hannibal Lecter and JameGumb. There are also other two protagonist in this novel; Clarice Starling and Jack Crawford. In this part the writer would to tell the description of main characters in this novel.

Dr. Hannibal Lecter or most commonly called Lecter was a small and sleek man, but was deceptively strong. His left hand had a condition called mid ray duplication polydactyly, i.e. a duplicated middle finger. Lecter's eyes were a shade of maroon, and reflected the light in "pinpoints of red". He also had small white teeth and dark, slicked-back hair with a widow's peak.

He did not fit any known psychological profile, thoug classified him as a "pure sociopath”. However, unlike subjects with sociopath, Lecter did not showany pleasure from killing, which would have resulted in an accelerated heart rate. When he killed two police officers upon his escape from

custody, his heart rate did not exceed 90; the heightened rate of 90 was due to the exertion of beating one of the officers to death with a police baton. Lecter simply described himself as being evil, stating that psychiatry is "puerile", and wrong to categorize different kinds of evil as different behavioral conditions.

According to Vary (2010) Lecter then supported this by stating that the inconsistencies in his behavior were traits of pure evil, and that he did not possess a behavioral abnormality. Dr. Lecter's unique intellect and memory was the product of a well-developed ArsMemoriae, or mnemonic discipline.

JameGumb (Buffalo Bill) is a character and the primary antagonist of Thomas Harris's 1989 novel The Silence of the Lambs. He is a serial killer who murders overweight women and skins them so he can make a woman suit for himself. The story then puts him in Tulare Vocational Rehabilitation, a psychiatric hospital where he learns to be a tailor. Later, Gumb has a relationship with Benjamin Raspail. After Raspail leaves him, he kills Raspail's new lover, Klaus, and flays him.

Gumbwants to become a woman but being too disturbed to qualify for woman suit for himself. He is described as not merely believing himself to be because he hates his own identity.

Jack Crawford is the AgentinCharge of the the Buffalo Bill is, and is forced to once again call upon Lecter for assistance. This

time, however, Crawford sends an FBI trainee, By way of information obtained from Lecter, Crawford and the FBI attempt to track down the killer, JameGumb. However, the address they obtain for him is out of date. Gumb had killed the employer of one of his former victims and moved into her house to use its large basement, which contains a disused and empty well. He uses the well as a make shift holding space for his victims. Realizing that Buffalo Bill probably knew his first victim, FredricaBimmel, Starling sets about interviewing everyone close to her and ends up stumbling upon Gumb's house. By the time Crawford and his men arrive, Starling has single handedly killed Gumb and rescued his intended victim.

Crawford is struggling under a double burden, as he is caring for his 'Buffalo Bill' case.

Clarice Starling is a student at the FBI Academy. Her mentor, FBI director psychiatrist and asylum manager this helps her bond with Lecter, who also despises Chilton. As time passes, Lecter gives Starling information about hunted by the FBI, but only in exchange for personal information, which Crawford has specifically warned her to keep secret from Lecter.

According Schneider (2012) Clarice toldLecter that she was raised in a small town in 10 years old, her father was shot when responding to a robbery; he died a month after the incident. Her mother subsequently worked as a hotel chambermaid, but was unable to support her entire family without a life insurance settlement from her husband's death. Starling was sent to live with her uncle on a and horse farm, from which she briefly ran away in horror when she witnessed the lambs being

She spent the rest of her childhood in a Lutheran orphanage. Starling attended the University of Virginia as a double major in psychology and criminology. During that time, she spent two summers working as a counselor in a mental health center. Starling first met Jack Crawford when he was a guest lecturer at UVA. His criminology seminars were a factor in her decision to join the FBI.

3.3 The motives Dr. Hannibal for Killing People

There are many motives and many victims of Dr. HanibalLecter. One of his victimswasCensusTaker. Census Taker is killed by Hannibal eating his liver with some fava beans and a big Amarone. The reason Dr. Hannibal killed the CensusTaker was because he tried to quantify him once. It can be seen from the following quotation:

“A census taker tried to quantify me once. I ate his liver with some fava beans and a big Amarone.” (The Silence Of The Lambs, 1989:24)

He said that because he felt disturbed by Starling. Starling asked for him to fill her question but he wouldn’t. So, he told his experience about it and reminded him about the same Census Taker who askedhim too much question and he felt annoyed with the unimportant question that bored him. But Lecter treated Starling politely even though he is new to Starling. Starling felt suddenly empty, as though she had given blown. She took longer than necessary to put the papers back in her briefcase because she couldn’tfeel her legs move.

Another victim whowaskilled by Dr.HannibalLecterwasMiggs. Miggs killed by being manipulated him until he killed himself by swallowing his tongue. The reason Dr. Hannibal kill Miggswasbecause he’s being disrespectful to Starling that he throws his sperm to her face. It can be seen from the following quotation:

“Swallowed his tongue sometime before daylight. Letter suggested it to him, Chilton thinks. The overnight orderly -heard Lecter talking softly to Miggs. Lecter knew a lot about Miggs. He talked to him for a little while, but the overnight couldn't hear what Lecter said. Miggs was crying for a while, and then he stopped..”(The Silence Of The Lambs, 1989:49)

Starling wasshockedto hear about it, but she tried to keep calm. She never imagined before that Dr.HannibalLecter had a strange personality because of Miggs actions towards Clarice Starling that disrespect her. Lecter knows a lot about Miggs. There is a strong reason why Lecter killed Miggs. He felt Miggs behavior was very disrespectful to Starling by exploited Miggs condition Lecter

take an advantage to manipulate Miggs for commited a suicide.Hefelt he needed to take an action which is to end up Miggs behavior once for all.

Benjamin Raspail’s one of Dr.HannibalLecter victims. Lecter killed Benjamin Raspail by eating the pancreas and thymus after piercing his heart with a stiletto. The reason Dr. Hannibal to kill Benjamin Raspailwas because Lecter felt annoyed by Benjamin Raspail therapy.It can be seen from the following quotation:

“...and then Raspail himself... died. Why?; Frankly, I got sick and tired of his whining. Best thing for him, really. Therapy wasn’t going anywhere. I expect most psychiatrists have a patient or two they’d like to refer to me. I’ve never discussed this before, and now I’m getting bored with it.” (The Silence Of The Lambs, 1989:59)

Raspail was known for Jame Gumb lover who also Lecter’stroubled patient, Raspsil was a flutist for famous Orchestra in Baltimore. When Clarice gather the information how Raspail dies, she’s not getting an absolute information from Lecter but when she found a strong information in Behavioral Science about Raspail case she immideately go and searched all the information rather it connected with Jame Gumb case. When she knew the autopsy revealed that raspail’s heart was pierced and he also lost the thymus glands and pancreas. She concluded that part of human body was the glands of the stomach that could be eaten, and she knew perfectly Hannbibal Lecter was the killer.

Lieutenant Boyle was killed by being beaten to death with his own riot baton. The reason Dr. Hannibal to kill Lieutenant Boyle was because Lecter wanted to escape custody. It can be seen from the following quotation:

“Lecter shut Boyle up with a shot of the Mace and cracked his upstretched arm with two blows of the baton. Boyle tried to get under the table, but blinded by the Mace he crawled wrong way and it was easy, with five judicious blows, to beat him to death.” (The Silence Of The Lambs, 1989:238)

Dr. Lecter who recently transferred to Brushy Mountain State Prison in Tennessee and placed in a maximum security cell, and in a tight guard by the warden. There is a desire to escape from the guards. He predicted a momentum after he gave the last information in the form of a riddle to Clarice. He will escape from his cell, Lecter knew that was the perfect timing for him to escape. All the stuff in his cell was used to add to buy some time when he was about to open the handcuffs that are on both hands. Meanwhile, when Lieutenant Boyle served food for Lecter, he knows this is the perfect time. So, he take the handcuffs off of him and he put it into Boyle’s hand, Lecter saw the baton that attached at Boyle belt and he take it as his weapon to punished Boyle. Lecter blew a massive hit to Boyle’s head, Dr. Lecter pulse was elevated to more than one hundred by the exercise, but quickly slowed to normal. He turned off the music and listened. He seems to enjoyed what he did and suddenly Lecter striked him to death.

Sergeant Jim Pembrywas killed by being mutilated and skinned. The reason Dr. Hannibal to kill Sergeant Pembry was becauseLecter wanted to escape custody. It can be seen from the following quotation:

“....he hit Pembry in the throat with his elbow and sank his teethinPembry’s face. His nose and upper lip caught between the tearing teeth. The baton, whistling in a flat arc, caught Pembry pock on the back of the head and he shivered out straight like a clubbed fish.”(The Silence Of The Lambs, 1989:238)

Sergeant Pembry was Lieutenant Boyle’s companion to guard Dr. Hannibal Lecter when he was transferred to Tennessee Prison. Pembry also company Boyle to gave him food to Lecter’s cell, he was standing infront of the prison door and he watched Lecter’s action when he put the handcuffs to Boyle’s hand, before Pembry screamed Lecter’s shoulder drove the iron door into him, Pembry was going to take the Mace in his belt, but his arm stuck by the door. Lecter then hit Pembry’s throat with his elbow and biting his face. Pembry tried to claw at Lecter, his nose and upper lips are torn up then Lecter pushed him over until he passed out. After Lecter killed Boyle, he found a pocket knife and he had an brilliant idea, Pembry was mutilated on his face to cover Lecter’s face for his idea to escape from the Brushy Mountain State Prison building.

After Lecter killed Pembry, he disguised into Pembry’s face to deceived Police officers.When his body brought to the ambulance, suddenly he opened his mask, and he killed the AmbulaceMedical Technician.

Personal Ambulance Medical Technician was killed by being shot to death. The reason Dr. Hannibal to killed the Ambulance Medical Technician was

becauseLecter wanted to escape custody. It can be seen from the following quotation:

“The attendant heard the airway hiss close behind him, turned and saw the bloody face in his, did not see the pistol descending and it caught him hard over the ear.”(The Silence Of The Lambs, 1989:250)

When the ambulance driver heard the gunshot, he suddenly stopped the vehicle and checked the situation back there. He seemed shocked to see the unexpected event and Lectershot the ambulance driver rushly.

Ambulance driver was killed by being shot to death. The reason Dr. Hannibal to kill the ambulance driver was because Lecter wanted to escape custody. It can be seen from the following quotation:

“The ambulance slowing to a stop in traffic on the six-lane freeway, drivers behind it confused and honking, hesitant to pull around an emergency vehicle. Two small popslikeback firisin the traffic and the ambulance started up again, weaving, straightening out, and moving to the right lane.”(The Silence Of The Lambs, 1989:250)

Later, when Dr. Hannibal Lecter killed the Ambulance Driver and he drove to the Memphis International Airport and he had a ticket to wherever he wanted to go, he rushly go to the underground garage at Memphis International Airport. While he was cleaning up with cotton pads and alcohol and distillited water in the back of the parked ambulance was not convenient at all. When he wear Ambulance attendant clothes, it was just a matter of time he’s going to catch another victim. When some men bended over to pick up things from the trunk and he absolutely not aware of anyone approaching him from behind.

Lloyd Wyman was killed without explanation from the Novel explained how the victim was killed. The reason Dr. Hannibal to kill Lloyd Wyman was because he wanted to steal his identity. It can be seen from the following quotation:

“In the wall of a vacation cottage on the bank of the Susquehanna River were money and the credentials of another identity, including a passport and the cosmetics aids he’d worn in the passport photos. The passport would have expired by now, but it could be renewed very quickly.”(The Silence Of The Lambs, 1989:365)

After being held in jail for many years, Dr. Hannibal Lecter could easily getan access from the new identity that he stole from Newman, because his face was well known by police officers and people who knew him from the media, then he went to St. Louis which was the only place he liked and he knew the place for many years, so he could walk with a bandage on his face without drawing the attention of people.

Dr. Frederick Chilton was killed by unknown method which was possibly he was killed by Lecter. The reason Dr. Hannibal to kill Dr. Frederick Chilton was because Lecter had an undercurrent of resentment. It can be seen from the following quotation:

“....Next, he dropped a note to Dr. Frederick Chilton in federal protective custody, suggesting that he would be paying Dr. Chilton a visit in the near future.” (The Silence Of The Lambs, 1989:366)

Dr. Hannibal Lecter had some issues through Dr. Chilton, he knew from the beginning that Chilton had never been a Doctor. Lecter thought Chilton

volunteered himself to handle Dr. Hannibal Lecter case because Chilton was obsessed with Lecter cannibalism. And he would perform serious experiment to Dr. Hannibal Lecter.

In this novel, Dr. Frederick never mentioned how he died. But, in the next Novel his fiancémentioned Dr. Frederick never came back from his vacation in Rio de Janeiro.

4. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION 4.1 Conclusion

After analyzing the reasons of Dr. Hannibal Lecter to kill people in novel,The Silnce of The Lambs by Thomas Harris, the writer can conclude the description ofthis novel. These are the following conclusions:

• Thenovel has four main characters. They are: Dr.Hannibal Lecter, Jame

Gumb, Jack Crawford, Clarice Starling.

• There are 9 victims killed by Dr. Lecter, they are: Cencus officer, Miggs,

Benjamin Raspail, Leuitenant Boyle, Sergeant Jim Pembry, Ambulance Technician, Ambulance Driver, Lloyd Wyman, Dr. Frederick Chilton.

• The motives of killing are different, but the main reason of the killing is to

get out from the prison.

• . Dr. Hannibal Lecter is a serial killer who has a mental illness, who is

cannibal (eating human body parts). He is an expert in psychology and is able to frighten, manipulate, and bend others to his will with mere words.

• Dr. Hannibal Lecter is a clever and genius person. He can describe people

when the first time he saw. He could maintain his emotion when he kill his victims.

• He has a good relationship with Clarice Starling because he gave her

4.2 Suggestion

The writer hopes this paper will be useful for the readers. There are some suggestions that the writer would like to say to the readers, which have connection with this description. Firstly, the writer suggests that the readers should know how dangerous the killing is and the effect of it. Killing people is sin, even killing animals. Because you can’t take someone lives and throw it away. There are always consequences for what you do. The writer suggests to live nicely and be positve and stay away from negative things.

Secondly, the writer hopes much that this paper may at least add theknowledge of literary studywhich may be useful for students of literature later on. The writer hopes this paper may encourage students of literature to make vigorous research in literary works.

REFRENCES

Adam B. Vary. 2010. The 100 Greatest Characters of the Last 20 Years. Entertaiment Weekly. Time Inc.

Clarkson. C.M.V. 1994. Law Commision Report on Offenses Againt the Person CLR 324.

Foster, E.M. 1927. Aspects of The Novel. Mariner Books

Hadi, Sutrisno. 2000. Metodologi Research. Yogyakarta: Andi Yogyakarta Harris, Thomas. 1988. The Silence ofThe Lambs. St. Martins Press.

Harris, Thomas. 1989. The Silence of The Lambs. St. Martins Press. Paperbacks Edt.

Harris,Thomas. 2012. The Silence Of The Lambs. Jakarta: PT. GramediaPustakaUtama.

Lincoln, Abram. 1981. Classic Italic Characteristic. New York: Grumbacher. CURS RCMA

Mahsun. 2005. Metode Penelitian Bahasa. Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada.

Roberts, Edgar and Henry E. Jacobs. 1995. Literature: An Introduction to Reading andWriting. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.

Schneider, Michael. 2012. Exclusive: Lifetime Developing Clarice, Based on The Silence of The Lambs Character. Lions Gate Entertaiment

Sembiring, MCA. 2014. Kompilasi Bahan Kuliah. Medan.

Sembiring, MCA. Buku Panduan Program D3 Bahasa Inggris Fakultas Ilmu Budaya. Medan.

Sudaryanto. 1993. Metode dan Aneka Teknik Analisis Bahasa. Yogyakarta: Duta Wacana University Press.

Surakhmad, Winarno. 1982. Pengantar Penelitian Ilmiah: Dasar, Metode, Taktik. Bandung: Tarsito.

Surakhhmad, Winarno. 1982. Pengantar Penelitian Ilmiah. Bandung: Tarsito. Taylor, Richards. 1981. Understanding The Elements of Literature. London: The

Macmillan Press Ltd.

Wellek, Rene and Austin Warren. 1976. Theory of Literature. London: Penguins Books Ltd.

becauseLecter wanted to escape custody. It can be seen from the following quotation:

“The attendant heard the airway hiss close behind him, turned and saw the bloody face in his, did not see the pistol descending and it caught him hard over the ear.”(The Silence Of The Lambs, 1989:250)

When the ambulance driver heard the gunshot, he suddenly stopped the vehicle and checked the situation back there. He seemed shocked to see the unexpected event and Lectershot the ambulance driver rushly.

Ambulance driver was killed by being shot to death. The reason Dr. Hannibal to kill the ambulance driver was because Lecter wanted to escape custody. It can be seen from the following quotation:

“The ambulance slowing to a stop in traffic on the six-lane freeway, drivers behind it confused and honking, hesitant to pull around an emergency vehicle. Two small popslikeback firisin the traffic and the ambulance started up again, weaving, straightening out, and moving to the right lane.”(The Silence Of The Lambs, 1989:250)

Later, when Dr. Hannibal Lecter killed the Ambulance Driver and he drove to the Memphis International Airport and he had a ticket to wherever he wanted to go, he rushly go to the underground garage at Memphis International Airport. While he was cleaning up with cotton pads and alcohol and distillited water in the back of the parked ambulance was not convenient at all. When he wear Ambulance attendant clothes, it was just a matter of time he’s going to catch another victim. When some men bended over to pick up things from the trunk and he absolutely not aware of anyone approaching him from behind.

Lloyd Wyman was killed without explanation from the Novel explained how the victim was killed. The reason Dr. Hannibal to kill Lloyd Wyman was because he wanted to steal his identity. It can be seen from the following quotation:

“In the wall of a vacation cottage on the bank of the Susquehanna River were money and the credentials of another identity, including a passport and the cosmetics aids he’d worn in the passport photos. The passport would have expired by now, but it could be renewed very quickly.”(The Silence Of The Lambs, 1989:365)

After being held in jail for many years, Dr. Hannibal Lecter could easily getan access from the new identity that he stole from Newman, because his face was well known by police officers and people who knew him from the media, then he went to St. Louis which was the only place he liked and he knew the place for many years, so he could walk with a bandage on his face without drawing the attention of people.

Dr. Frederick Chilton was killed by unknown method which was possibly he was killed by Lecter. The reason Dr. Hannibal to kill Dr. Frederick Chilton was because Lecter had an undercurrent of resentment. It can be seen from the following quotation:

“....Next, he dropped a note to Dr. Frederick Chilton in federal protective custody, suggesting that he would be paying Dr. Chilton a visit in the near future.” (The Silence Of The Lambs, 1989:366)

volunteered himself to handle Dr. Hannibal Lecter case because Chilton was obsessed with Lecter cannibalism. And he would perform serious experiment to Dr. Hannibal Lecter.

In this novel, Dr. Frederick never mentioned how he died. But, in the next Novel his fiancémentioned Dr. Frederick never came back from his vacation in Rio de Janeiro.

4. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

4.1 Conclusion

After analyzing the reasons of Dr. Hannibal Lecter to kill people in novel,The Silnce of The Lambs by Thomas Harris, the writer can conclude the description ofthis novel. These are the following conclusions:

• Thenovel has four main characters. They are: Dr.Hannibal Lecter, Jame Gumb, Jack Crawford, Clarice Starling.

• There are 9 victims killed by Dr. Lecter, they are: Cencus officer, Miggs, Benjamin Raspail, Leuitenant Boyle, Sergeant Jim Pembry, Ambulance Technician, Ambulance Driver, Lloyd Wyman, Dr. Frederick Chilton. • The motives of killing are different, but the main reason of the killing is to

get out from the prison.

• . Dr. Hannibal Lecter is a serial killer who has a mental illness, who is cannibal (eating human body parts). He is an expert in psychology and is able to frighten, manipulate, and bend others to his will with mere words. • Dr. Hannibal Lecter is a clever and genius person. He can describe people

when the first time he saw. He could maintain his emotion when he kill his victims.

• He has a good relationship with Clarice Starling because he gave her important information that completed her duty as a Private Investigator.

4.2 Suggestion

The writer hopes this paper will be useful for the readers. There are some suggestions that the writer would like to say to the readers, which have connection with this description. Firstly, the writer suggests that the readers should know how dangerous the killing is and the effect of it. Killing people is sin, even killing animals. Because you can’t take someone lives and throw it away. There are always consequences for what you do. The writer suggests to live nicely and be positve and stay away from negative things.

Secondly, the writer hopes much that this paper may at least add theknowledge of literary studywhich may be useful for students of literature later on. The writer hopes this paper may encourage students of literature to make vigorous research in literary works.

REFRENCES

Adam B. Vary. 2010. The 100 Greatest Characters of the Last 20 Years. Entertaiment Weekly. Time Inc.

Clarkson. C.M.V. 1994. Law Commision Report on Offenses Againt the Person CLR 324.

Foster, E.M. 1927. Aspects of The Novel. Mariner Books

Hadi, Sutrisno. 2000. Metodologi Research. Yogyakarta: Andi Yogyakarta Harris, Thomas. 1988. The Silence ofThe Lambs. St. Martins Press.

Harris, Thomas. 1989. The Silence of The Lambs. St. Martins Press. Paperbacks Edt.

Harris,Thomas. 2012. The Silence Of The Lambs. Jakarta: PT. GramediaPustakaUtama.

Lincoln, Abram. 1981. Classic Italic Characteristic. New York: Grumbacher. CURS RCMA

Mahsun. 2005. Metode Penelitian Bahasa. Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada.

Roberts, Edgar and Henry E. Jacobs. 1995. Literature: An Introduction to Reading andWriting. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.

Schneider, Michael. 2012. Exclusive: Lifetime Developing Clarice, Based on The Silence of The Lambs Character. Lions Gate Entertaiment

Sembiring, MCA. 2014. Kompilasi Bahan Kuliah. Medan.

Sembiring, MCA. Buku Panduan Program D3 Bahasa Inggris Fakultas Ilmu Budaya. Medan.

Sudaryanto. 1993. Metode dan Aneka Teknik Analisis Bahasa. Yogyakarta: Duta Wacana University Press.

Surakhmad, Winarno. 1982. Pengantar Penelitian Ilmiah: Dasar, Metode, Taktik. Bandung: Tarsito.

Surakhhmad, Winarno. 1982. Pengantar Penelitian Ilmiah. Bandung: Tarsito. Taylor, Richards. 1981. Understanding The Elements of Literature. London: The