CHAPTER II THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
A. Previous Research
The writer has read various related research before this research began. Figurative language aplenty used by Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic
University students in their research, however when this research implemented none of them discuss about eroticism, the writer also attempt to find related
research by doing library research in another university library. The writer found at least three researches related to this research.
The first research is the analysis of women portrayal in Katy Perry’s selected song lyrics; Fingerprints, Hot n Cold, I Kissed a Girl, If You Can
Afford Me, I’m Still Breathing, Lost, Mannequin, One of the Boys, Self Inflicted, and Thinking of You. Amelia Lisara’s 2013 aims in this research is to know the
portrayal of women in the selected song lyrics and attempts to reveal gendered messages in Katy Perry’s selected song lyrics as viewed in post feminism
perspectives. This research uses qualitative descriptive method; the discussion of the present study is framed within gender studies and theory of post feminism.
The result of the research shows that most of women in One of the Boys album 2008 are portrayed women’s physical appearance, women as sexual subject,
women’s passive behavior, and women’s attitudes to cover their dependency on men. These portrayals support patriarchal ideology in which women are in
accordance with patriarchal society’s expectation. The present study also 7
discovers that gendered messages in most of song lyrics in One of the Boys do not show the notion of post feminism by being passive and dependent to men.
Nevertheless, several songs explore the theme of sexuality as one of feminism values.
The second research is analysis of advertising industry in Indonesia which uses women and its sensuality as an element in ads. Muhammad Ridho
2014 finds out how advertisers show woman and its erotic side in some ads from different product category. Ridho uses content analysis method in this research, he
analyze the meaning or message that delivered in the ads. He takes an example of several ads from different product, analyze, and find the relation between the
product, the woman, eroticism that used by the advertisers, and the context that stick to the ads. The result shows that there is still many advertisement that use
women, its symbol, and its sensual side, in many ways. It comes from both of product that not related to gender issue, and the product that relate. This
phenomenon happened because the presence of women is expected to make the ad more interesting and, in the end, boost the sales of the product.
The third research is analysis of eroticism in Motinggo Busye’s novel. Yuki Anggia Putri 2009 analyzing four novels of Motinggo Busye which
published in 1963 and 1978. The aim of this research is to describe the sexuality and eroticism on the novel and to ascertain whether the eroticism was
categorized in pornography or not through intrinsic element analysis. From the analysis of four Motinggo Busye’s novel Beirut, Neraka Lampu Biru, Jeng Mini,
and Kasih Francesca Cinta Maria, the element of sexuality and eroticism in four
Busye‘s novels has met aspects of erotic literature and does not contain pornography. This evident reflected on the results of the analysis of themes,
characters, and characterizations. In this analysis, it is revealed that sexuality and eroticism in Busye’s novels used as elements that have an organic unity, it can be
seen from its function as an idea that supports the story. It also shown that sexuality and eroticism in Busye’s novels contains moral message that can be
used as a source of learning in human life. From the brief explanations above, the writer wants to make this research
different from the previous research. The writer uses theory of figurative language and concept of eroticism to give something different to the readers.
Through this research, the readers can see how eroticism described in Katy Perry’s Song lyric Hummingbird Heartbeat and Peacock through figurative
language. This research also can be considered as a reference for next researchers.
B. Figurative Language
Language can be classified as either literal or figurative. When we speak literally, we mean exactly what each word conveys; when we use figurative
language we mean something other than the actual meaning of the words.
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From the statement it can be concluded that figurative language is language cannot be
understood literally, it is innuendo.
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Robert DiYanni. 2003, Literature; Approaches to Fiction, Poetry, and Drama, New York, McGraw Hill Press, 2003. p. 709 c
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