Emission estimation of fuel consumption and CO
2
absorption by green open space in Jakarta
SWUP
SC.24
Figure 1. Concept of power SIM model.
The aim of this modelling was to count emission CO
2
in the Jakarta city based on the function of the absorption of emission CO
2
by green open space and the level of emissions from the transport activity in Jakarta city as well as made the simulation, based on the
amount of consumption of fuel oil and the green open space. The territory limitation model was scope of the Jakarta city, the level of emissions from the burning gasoline and diesel fuel
of the petrol kind for the transport. Approach which is used in estimating the CO
2
uptake is the vegetation coverage of landsurface.
3. Results and discussion
3.1 Consumption of the gasoline and diesel in Jakarta
Figure 2 shows that consumption of gasoline in year 2013 experienced few declines compared with year 2012. This was suspected of by cause factor being because during year
2013 the price increase of the premium in Indonesia, happened and this blew in the use of the premium in the Jakarta city. Figure 2 shows consumption of the biggest gasoline in the
East Jakarta territory.
Figure 2. Map of consumption of diesel in Jakarta.
D. Gusnita, Suaydhi
SWUP
SC.25
Figure 2 presents map of consumption of gasoline in Jakarta 2012 till year 2013. From the below map showed that biggest consumption fuel gasoline in East Jakarta. This was
suspected so many motor vehicles that consumption gasoline in this region. Vehicles are the important tools in supporting people mobilities. Therefore, increasing urban population have
created demand of vehicles, especially motorcycles and private cars. It is also triggered by the behavior of urban family who have more than one or two motor vehicles.The increase
number of vehicles, resulting in the increasing demand of fossil fuels. High demand for these fuels, causing the increase of gasoline and gasoil consumption. Gasoline and diesel fuel
consumption is the largest contributor to the increase of CO
2
emissions in Jakarta City Matese et al., 2009.
Figure 3. Map of consumption of gasoline in Jakarta.
Based on the model POWER SIM above will carried out by the prediction of emissions CO
2
that was connected with the absorption CO
2
by green open space vegetation in Jakarta city for the period 2012 till 2020. Whereas the spatial map of emissions CO
2
in five Jakarta city territories was pointed out the Figure 4 along with this.
Figure 4. Map of CO
2
emission of gasoline consumption in Jakarta year 2012–2013.
Figure 4 shows the spatial map of emissions CO
2
in Jakarta year 2012 till 2013 that was based on consumption of the gasoline in five territories in Jakarta city. Based on Figure 4, this
was pointed out that emission CO
2
biggest in the territory Jakarta Timur, with emissions reached 1.3x10
9
tonyear.
Emission estimation of fuel consumption and CO
2
absorption by green open space in Jakarta
SWUP
SC.26
This was linear with the amount of consumption of the highest gasoline in Jakarta Timur territory has it of 589896.0 KLitre in 2012 and increased to 5931280.0 KLitre during
2013 year. This it was suspected originated in the sector of the transport that generally uses the premium as the motor vehicles fuel.
Figure 5. Map of CO
2
emission of gasoil consumption in Jakarta year 2012–2013.
Figure 5 shows the map of emissions CO
2
that originated in consumption of diesel fuel in the Jakarta city. Figure 5 presents that emission CO
2
highest in the Jakarta Utara territory with emission reached 5.48x10
8
tonyear during 2012 and increase to 5.51x10
8
tonyear during 2013. The territory Jakarta Utara was often met industry that generally uses the diesel
fuel as the source energy main the industry in this territory. From result of the estimation of emissions CO
2
that was based in fuel oil consumption in Jakarta then was received by results as follows Tables 3–4. Further the value of emissions CO
2
this was made input to model that was used.
Table 3. Emission estimation CO
2
from diesel fuel consumption.
Region 2012 Tonyear
2013 TonYear
Centre of Jakarta 90130656
91002240 North Jakarta
548768660.2 551154240
East Jakarta 392842301
419569123.7 West Jakarta
324043109 332357760
South Jakarta 187432896
199442880
Total 1.54E+09
1.59E+09 Table 4. Emission estimation CO
2
from gasoline consumption.
Region 2012 Tonyear
2013 Tonyear
Centre of Jakarta 5.16E+08
5.08E+08 North Jakarta
7.18E+08 7.06E+08
East Jakarta 1.3E+09
1.3E+09 West Jakarta
9.61E+08 9.68E+08
South Jakarta 1.24E+09
1.22E+09
Totally 4.7E+09
4.70E+09
From the estimation of CO
2
emissions would then become inputs in the process of running model Power SIM used in the prediction method of transport emissions and
emissions in the city after a reduced absorption of CO
2
emissions by green open spaces.
D. Gusnita, Suaydhi
SWUP
SC.27
The POWER SIM model that was used, assumed that the amount of green open space and consumption of fuel of Jakarta territory was permanent. So as result running the model
will predict the estimation of emission CO
2
from consumption of fuel oil, as well as emission CO
2
that emitted in Jakarta after the absorption by green open space in Jakarta. The estimation of CO
2
emission in Jakarta city was difference from emissions CO
2
from activity of consumption fossil fuel was reduced by emissions CO
2
that was absorbed by green open space.
Figure 6 shows running the POWER SIM model that was done to predict the increase in emissions CO
2
during year 2012 till year 2020. Figure 6 shows result running the POWER SIM model showed that estimation of gas CO
2
from consumption of fuel oil gasoline and diesel in Jakarta city will increase continually to year 2020. During 2012 the value of
emissions of CO
2
estimation that came from consumption fuel oil as big as 6.28x10
9
tonyear. If assumed the growth rate of its consumption continue then during year 2020 then emissions
CO
2
that would in released to Jakarta city will reach 3.3x10
10
tonyear or increased by 5.5 times.
Figure 6. Result running POWER SIM model.
Whereas if the absorption happening by green open space, then of course gas emission CO
2
will decrease in Jakarta city. Result running model showed that with the existence of green open space absorption in Jakarta city emissions during 2012 as big as 3.5x10
9
tonyear. And results running the model showed that till 2020 this figure was still increasing through
to 2.6x10
10
tonyear.
Fig. 7 Predictions CO
2
Estimation emission of consumption fuel year 2012 till year 2020
Figure 7 shows that CO
2
emission estimation in Jakarta will increased from 2012 year till 2020 significant. This model assumed that rate of consumption constant. In year 2013
totally CO
2
emission 6.27x10
9
tonyear, from prediction of Power SIM model will increasing till 33.89x10
9
tonyear.
Emission estimation of fuel consumption and CO
2
absorption by green open space in Jakarta
SWUP
SC.28
Figure 8. Predictions CO
2
absorption by green open space year 2012 till year 2020.
The analysis from running POWER SIM model showed that during year 2012 till 2020 will give increase emission CO
2
that was very significant in the Jakarta city. Therefore to reduce the number of gas emissions CO
2
still really was needed by even more of green open space in Jakarta city.
The scenario 2 shows results running the Power SIM model that was presented in Figure 8 was supervised this. In running scenario 2 this was carried out with changed scenario
the level of consumption of fuel oil was increased to the available consumption fold 2 times more higher, whereas Green Open Space GOS was dropped off by as many as 10 percent.
From results running the decline in happened CO
2
.
Figure 9. Running POWER SIM model based on Scenario 2.
Results running based on Scenario 2 used POWER SIM showed that increase in emissions happening CO2 29.7 times more higher from 2012 year compared with 2020 year.
Model scenario 2 running shows that the total emission CO
2
increase 29.7 times in year 2012 compared the year 2020. The number of emissions CO2 during 2012 of 6.27 x 10
9
Ton Year increased as far as 1.86 x 10
11
Ton Year.
4. Conclusion and remarks
