Emission estimation of fuel consumption and CO
2
absorption by green open space in Jakarta
SWUP
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for the atmosphere environment. In the area of urban areas, the transport was the main pressure, beside the industry, commercial and domestic. CO
2
Carbon dioxide was one of the greenhouse gases. According to IPCC 2007, the activity of humankind was the biggest
contributor greenhouse emissions especially from consumption of energy that was 26. The source of energy that at this time was used was still using the fossil fuel, natural gas and coal.
The increase in the number of population especially in the urban areas toward the increased consumption of energy. The impact of the development of transport means will like this be
influential directly against emissions gas CO
2
that was taken off to the environment. The increase temperature was greenhouse gas effect. Increasing in temperature would cause
further effects such as polar ice melting, watersea surface increasing, agricultural damage and indirectly can affect economic activities in acountry Andriono et al., 2013. With this
condition, the Jakarta city potential emitted CO
2
that was high enough also. Effort that could be followed in the city environment and urban areas to reduce gas emission CO
2
was the program and the reforestation of the city forest. Gas CO
2
could be absorbed the city forest, the city garden, roof the road, the paddy field, the garden and several forms of space were
open green other. However in this period now green open space and the city forest continued to decrease because of being made the settlement and the area woke up other. Government
policies are needed to be firmly implemented in order to support emission minimization efforts. After all those actions are expected to make a good sinergy in reducing greenhouse
gas emission Ikkatai, 2008.
Because of that this paper aimed carried out by the estimation of emissions CO
2
that was produced from consumption of good fuel oil diesel fuel and premium, as well as the
potential size for the absorbency CO
2
by green open space in Jakarta city that was the biggest city in Indonesia, where the level of the growth of the population as well as consumption of
energy was high enough.
2. Materials and methods
In this paper the data analysis used the secondary data. The consumption data of gasoline Table 1 and diesel fuel Table 2 that originated in PERTAMINA UPMS V Jakarta as
shown in Tables 1–2.
Table 1. Gasoline consumption the year 2012–2013 in Jakarta. Region
Gasoline year 2012 Klitre Gasoline year 2013 Klitre
Centre of Jakarta 2.34 x10
5
2.3x10
5
North Jakarta 3.26 x 10
5
3.2x10
5
East Jakarta 5.9x10
5
5.93x10
5
West Jakarta 4.4x10
5
4.4x10
5
South Jakarta 5.6x10
5
5.54x10
5
Total 2.141.730
2.136.651 Table 2. Diesel fuel consumption the year 2012–2013 in Jakarta.
Region Year 2012 Klitre
Year 2013 Klitre
Centre of Jakarta 35.766
36.112 North Jakarta
217.765 218.712
East Jakarta 155.890
166.496 West Jakarta
128.589 131.888
South Jakarta 74.378
79.144
Total 617.577
632.352
D. Gusnita, Suaydhi
SWUP
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We used Widely green open space GOS data from Jakarta Parks and Public Service as shown in Table 3.
Table 3. Widely green open space GOS in Jakarta city.
Region Widely Green Open Space m
2
Centre of Jakarta 5.42x10
6
North Jakarta 4.53x10
6
East Jakarta 5.93x10
6
West Jakarta 5.2x10
6
South Jakarta 6.25x10
6
To find out how much carbon dioxide emissions resulting from the city activities, it is estimated the CO
2
emissions Matese et al., 2009. Emission factor is used to get the value of carbon dioxide by weight magnitudes are assessed, such as gasoline and gasoill. Emission
factor for the calculation of carbon dioxide emissions in this study were obtained through the study of literature.
The direct measurement of the quality and the emission current from an activity was impractical or was not possible to be carried out toward each source of the pollutant.
Moreover direct measurement against motor vehicles that the amount reached millions. Because of that was formulated by an approach to estimate the number of emission by using
the equation of the foundation along with:
First we estimate CO
2
Emission. Estimation = { the intensity of the activity x emissio Factor}
nÑ = ÖÇt Ü :n 103, where nÑ was emission estimation Ñ Tonyear,
volume Ü was consumption of the type fuel I K Literyear,
:nÑ I was the pollutant number I that emitted from Litre consumption of
type fuel I gLitre, where number of emission factor gasoil 2.52 gramLitre, emission factor for premium 2.20 gramLitre.
Then we calculate absorption of CO
2
gas by green open space was used by the formula Pentury, 2003. Approach which is used in estimating the CO
2
uptake is the vegetation coverage of landsurface.
A = 0.228, where A was the rate of the absorption CO
2
the association of the area, I was Intensity of the light kalcm
2
day; 0,0048 was coefisient intensity of light; 0,228 constanta and â as logarithmic number.
Next step we calculate the absorption CO
2
by green open space = CO
2
absorp rate gm
2
year x area green open space m
2
. And for the last we will predict of CO
2
emission used The Power SIM model. The model that was developed to this paper will analyzed the
number of emission that was dismissed from the gasoline and diesel fuel as well as analyzed the number of remnant of gas emissions CO
2
in air if being gotten green open space that could absorb gas emission CO
2
. And the last we developed concept Power SIM model to predict amount of CO
2
till 2020 year. The picture about the concept Power SIM model was developed to this paper was
presented to the Figure 1 along with this:
Emission estimation of fuel consumption and CO
2
absorption by green open space in Jakarta
SWUP
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Figure 1. Concept of power SIM model.
The aim of this modelling was to count emission CO
2
in the Jakarta city based on the function of the absorption of emission CO
2
by green open space and the level of emissions from the transport activity in Jakarta city as well as made the simulation, based on the
amount of consumption of fuel oil and the green open space. The territory limitation model was scope of the Jakarta city, the level of emissions from the burning gasoline and diesel fuel
of the petrol kind for the transport. Approach which is used in estimating the CO
2
uptake is the vegetation coverage of landsurface.
3. Results and discussion
