8
NORMS AND STANDARDS
AUDIT
BELOW STANDARD
MEET STANDARD
IDENTIFY PROBLEMS
CORRECTIVE MEASURES
EVALUATE STANDARDS
IMPROVEMENT
Figure-3: KAIZEN: Continuous quality improvement
2.3 Implementation of competency standards
2.3.1 Skills training providers
The skills training programs are mostly administered under the auspices of the Directorate General of Early Childhood and Non Formal Education in the Ministry of Education and Culture MoEC and the
Directorate General of Training and Product in the Ministry of Manpower MoM
3
. Nonetheless, various technical Ministries and industries also undertake skills trainings, e.g. the college of aviation and the
college maritime which are part of the Ministry of Transportation.
Skills Training Centers Balai Latihan Kerja
In 1970, BLKs were established in several provincial capitals and districts under the MoM to provide skills training for the younger generation. BLKs had the potential to become the backbone
of the skills training system. The system consists of one large BLK located in each provincial capital, supported by smaller training centers at the district level. In total there are approximately 200
smaller BLKs located all over Indonesia. These centrally managed BLKs could potentially become part of the standard-setting training system that, apart from providing market oriented training,
could serve as centers of excellence for mentoring private training providers, provide support to the apprenticeship system, and conduct institutional training.
After the decentralization process in 2000, however, the ownership of BLKs was transferred to the regional government provincial and district level. Today many BLKs are not properly managed
and some centers are wasted as well as underutilized.
3
This grouping is derived from the prevailing regulations Law 202003 and also implemented in the organizational structure of the MoEC.
9 The following groups of providers are the provider stakeholders in the skills training system:
• The Training Center Balai Latihan Kerja - BLK under MoM; • Community colleges under MoEC just recently legalized;
• Non degree programs offered by higher education institutions under MoRTHE; • Private training and course providers:
o Lembaga Pelatihan Kerja LPK registered and accredited by MoM
o Lembaga Kursus dan Pelatihan LKP and Program Kegiatan Belajar Masyarakat PKBM –
registered and accredited by MoEC; • The national apprenticeship system under MoM.
Other Ministries also provide training through their training units Diklat or through private providers. Although their capacity is mostly small, they play an important role in their respective sectors.
The most recent information on private training providers acquired from MoM and MoEC is presented in Appendix-1. However, the accurate total number of skills training providers is difficult to determine,
since some are double-counted. The latest figures acquired show that under MoEC, 74 types of courses and training are registered and offered by a total of 27,321 providers.
SECTOR SECTOR
1 Computer
5717 8
Automotive 561
2 English training
4423 9
Driving lesson 494
3 Tailor
3111 10
Culinary 410
4 Hair dresser
1831 11
Music 350
5 Lesson counseling
1711 12
Arithmetic 334
6 Bridal saloon
1615 13
Embroidery 306
7 Beautician
895
Table-1: Programs offered under MoEC
4
[MoEC 2015]
2.3.2 Competency based training and assessment
