own pace. Facing this is the overwhelming social pressure to conform, follow the rules, and make sure everyone else is in the same boat as him Japanese Culture.
A Primer for Newcomers. 1997-2004. 5. With big Japanese cities having extremely high population densities, personal space is scarce, and with little space
in front of one many Japanese retreat to the only space they can; inside their heads. Becoming introverted, shy and withdrawn is not atypical. There are
exceptions to this of course; some young people love to associate with westerners because of this and they can more freely express themselves and not have to
worry about being looked down as too gregarious. Liquor consumption is also high in Japan and used as a social lubricant to loosen up. It is the easiest way to
loose their stress. We could see the main character of No Longer Human as the example of someone who always drinks liquor if he has problems. But privacy in
Japan is a precious commodity, more for cultural than demographic reasons, and nobody likes someone to butt into your life. Everyone belongs to some group, and
every group has people of superior rank and status. The notion of boss and worker being perfect buddies after work without a thought of the company relationship
for Japanese is impossible.
2.3. Theoretical Framework
There are two problems that should be discussed in this study. The first one is the figure of Yozo as the main character and the second one is the influence
of society to Yozo’s perception of the existence of human being. In order to solve those problems, there are some theories used in this study. Using those theories
the writer expects to find the answers to the problems mentioned in the problem formulation.
First of all, theories of character and characterization are needed to explore the character of Yozo in No Longer Human. Those two theories cannot be
separated because if one talks about character, automatically he will relate it to characterization.
The next theory is about the theory about psychology which deals with human perception. The writer chooses human perception because the writer wants
to know how the main character perceives about perception. It is also important to study the society especially the Japanese society because it influences the main
character’s perception about the existence of human being. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY
This chapter presents the methodology that will be used in this study. This chapter consists of four parts. They are subject matter, approaches and method of
study and sources. In the first part which is subject matter the writer would like to present the work that the writer uses in this study and the focus of the analysis.
The second part is approaches which deal with the approaches that the writer uses in this analysis. The third part is the methods of the study concern the method of
analyzing the work. The last part is the sources present the source of analyzing the work.
3.1 Subject Matter
The subject matter is the novel No Longer Human by Osamu Dazai and was published in May 1948, a time fraught with contradictions for Dazai. It was
translated in English by Donald Keene. The writer read the ninth printing which was printed in 2000 in Singapore.
According to statistical publication by Shinchosha, Dazai’s Ningen Shikkaku
translated as No Longer Human, surprisingly, is his most representative master- piece. It was first published in 1952, and has been printed
for 5.3 million exemplars until now. As paper back best seller, Dazai’s Ningen Shikkaku competes with Soseki Natsume’s Kokoro all the time. Shuji Tsushima’s
master-pieces, Dazai’s original name, lives forever because he loves language.
20 PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
