Suggestions for Teachers Suggestions

66 students’ assignments objectively. The following table 5.1 is the example of portfolio scoring rubric adapted from Levi 2000. Table 5.1 The Example of Portfolio Assessment Scoring Rubric Criteria Quality 20-25 15-19 10-14 Development and Process  The portfolio indicates progress or effort over time.  The portfolio reflects a high level of awareness of the process involved in writing: planning notes, proper outline, implementation of plan, relation to peer feedback, relation to teacher’s comments, and improvement after revision.  The portfolio shows some development over time.  The portfolio reflects some understanding of the process involved in writing only some of the following are included: planning notes, proper outline, implementation of plan, relation to peer feedback, relation to teacher’s comments, and improvement after revision.  The portfolio indicates no effort to develop writing skills.  Entries are incomplete, lacking many of the requested features.  The process is hardly reflected. Many of the components are missing. Reflection and Growth 30-35 20-29 10-19  The compositions demonstrate how aware the student has become of herhis writing, what has improved and what still requires work by comparing the first and best essays.  The compositions show how much the student has developed as a writer and how aware she is of herhis strengths and weaknesses.  Portfolio presents an effort to improve writing by relating to self, peer and teacher evaluations and reflecting on the differences between the drafts.  The compositions partially demonstrate student’s awareness of herhis writing improvements; what still needs work and comparison between first and best essay.  The compositions show partially that the student has developed as a writer, and herhis awareness of herhis strengths and weaknesses.  Portfolio presents a limited effort to improve writing by relating to self, peer and teacher evaluations and reflecting on the differences between the drafts.  The compositions fail tominimally demonstrates how much the student has become aware of herhis writing, what has been improved and what still requires improvement. The student did not compare between essays.  Student neither compared drafts nor related to self and peer evaluations. Final product 20-25 15-19 10-14  The portfolio is well- organized, aesthetic and contains: cover, table of contents, drafts, compositions, self and peer evaluations, revisions, and reflections.  The portfolio is quite well- organized, coherent, contains most of the required items.  The portfolio lacks clear organization and aesthetics; does not contain all the required items. Complete- ness 8-10 5-7 2-4  Student submitted compositions on all topics none of their work is missing in their portfolio.  Student submitted compositions on some topics few of their works are missing in their portfolio.  Student submitted compositions on few topics many of their work are missing in their portfolio. Submission 4-5 2-3 1  All the compositions always submitted on time during the semester.  The final product is also submitted on time.  During the semester, student submitted some compositions on time.  The final product is submitted on time.  Student rarely submitted the compositions on time.  The final product is submitted late. 67 5.2.1.6 Combining portfolio assessment with traditional assessment Based on the result of the questionnaire and the explanation in Chapter II, although portfolio is good and all the respondents welcome the portfolio well, it still has some weaknesses. Using portfolio, students often done their composition outside the class and this makes students to study less. Besides, a lot of students state that by using portfolio sometimes their composition are missing. If students’ portfolio is not complete, of course it will make the teacher difficult to assess the portfolio and students cannot learn well. Some of these weaknesses of portfolio can be covered with test. However, writing test is still “important as a part of assessment tool in class” Hung, 2004. Therefore, teachers need to combine portfolio assessment with traditional paper-and-pencil test. By combining these two kinds of assessment, teacher will be able to evaluate both the process and the product of writing. Moreover, using these two assessments, teacher can make students more autonomous, critical, diligent and well-prepare for the test.

5.2.2 Suggestions for Students

The following are some suggestions for the students so that they will be able to produce good portfolio. 5.2.2.1 Studying about the portfolio In order to make the portfolio good, since the beginning of a course students need to understand what portfolio is and its position in that course. Students are also required to understand the instruction from their teachers about what they have to do with the portfolio. If students think that they are still 68 confused, they can ask the teacher for further explanation. Students need to understand the portfolio first before starting to do it. 5.2.2.2 Doing and keeping the portfolio well Students should be aware that portfolio is used as an assessment tool in writing class. Therefore, students need to do their portfolio as good as possible. Students should seriously try to make good compositions. After they receive feedback, students should revise their compositions as soon as possible. If students do not know exactly the correction for their mistakes, then, students should ask their teacher or peer to help them do the correction. After students create so many drafts, compositions, and revision, students should put their assignments on a folder or file manager so that they will not lose some of their assignments at the end of the course. Students need to provide a space for them to keep their portfolio well; therefore, a folder or file manager will be certainly helpful. 5.2.2.3 Cooperating well with other students In the implementation of portfolio assessment in writing class, students need to cooperate well with other students. Good cooperation can be seen from seriously checking and giving feedback for other students. That is why students should give clear feedback for their friends. By giving their friends a clear feedback, students will also receive clear feedback from their friends on their portfolio. Therefore students need to be cooperate and appreciate each other. 69

5.2.3 Suggestions for Future Researchers

During this study the researcher found several lacks. One of them is related to the preparation of the study which was the composing of the questionnaire used in this study. The researcher thought that the questionnaire was not clear enough for the participants to understand and it was also inadequate to be used in this study. Although the reseacher admitted that the questionnaire can answer the research problem, the researcher found that it was difficult to gather detail data from the participants. Therefore the researcher suggests the further researchers to prepare their instrument as good as possible. If the instrument chosen was questionnaire or interview, the questions used in questionnaire or interview do not need to be long, just make it short, simple and clear that the participants will understand the question well so they can answer the question well. The questions generated should be able to give specific and detail data for the study. It is also important for further researchers to arrange the instrument some times before conducting the study so they will be able to recheck and revise. In this study, the researcher only used questionnaires as data gathering instrument so the researcher found that the answer from the participants were cunfusing sometime. Therefore, the researcher suggests the future researchers to repeat the data gathering. For example if the result of the questionnaire were inadequate to answer the research problems, researchers can conduct further data gathering using interview. The last one, since students need the whole semester to finish their portfolio, it is better for future researchers to conduct study at the end of the