TABLE OF CONTENTS
Abstrak i
Abstract ii
Dedication iii
Aknowledgement iv
Table of Content v
List of Tables viii
List of Figures ix
List of Abbreviations, Symbols and Nomenclature x
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Heat Transfer
1 1.2
Cooling Tower 1
1.3 Fouling
2 1.4
Condition Based Maintenance 3
1.5 Problem Statement
4 1.6
Objectives 5
1.7 Scopes
5
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 6
2.1 Condition Based Maintenance CBM
6 2.2
Heat Exchanger 7
2.2.1 Cooling Tower System 7
2.3 Heat Transfer
11 2.3.1 Conduction
11 2.3.2 Convection
12 2.3.2 Radiation
13
2.4 Fouling
14 2.4.1 Fouling Type
15 2.4.1.1 Particulate Fouling
15 2.4.1.2 Crystallization or Precipitation Fouling
15 2.4.1.3 Chemical Reaction Fouling
16 2.4.1.4 Corrosion Fouling
16 2.4.1.5 Biological Fouling
17 2.4.1.6 Solidification or Freezing Fouling
17 2.4.2 Fouling Factor
17 2.4.3 Parameter Affecting Fouling
18 2.4.3.1 Fluid Flow Velocity
18 2.4.3.2 Surface Temperature
19 2.4.3.3 Surface Material
19 2.4.3.4 Surface Roughness
20 2.4.3.5 Fluid Properties
20 2.4.3.6 Impurities And Suspended Solid
21 2.4.3.7 Design Consideration
21 2.4.4 Effect of Fouling
21 2.5
Fault Detection On Cooling Tower 22
2.5.1 Model Based Approach 23
2.5.2 Data Driven Approach 23
2.5.3 Knowledge Based Approach 24
2.6 Heat Detecting Device
24 2.6.1 Sensor Device
25 2.6.2 Measurement Method
25 2.6.2.1 Conventional Measurement Method
26 2.6.2.2 Permanent Sensor Device Method
26 2.6.2.3 Mobile Device Method
26
CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY 29
3.1 Research Design
29 3.2
Conceptual Design 31
3.3 Material And Equipment Selection
32 3.3.1 Mobile Device Selection
32 3.3.2 Arm Bracket Material Selection
33 3.3.3 Sensor Device Bracket Materail Selection
33 3.3.4 Mobile Device Material Selection
33 3.3.5 Fastener Selection
34 3.3.6 Sensor Device Selection
34 3.4
Fabricating Bracket 35
3.5 Assembling The RC Quadcopter With The Sensor Device
35 3.6
Test Run 36
3.7 Measuring Temperature on Cooling Tower
37 CHAPTER 4: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
38
4.1 Results of Parameter
38 4.2
Mounting of Sensor Bracket on the RC Quadcopter 39
4.3 Data of Temperature Measurement
41
CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 47
