film, but as the film developed into various genres, the film studies share a great development until now as an art that could be studied specifically and interested to be explained.
Richard Dyer in his essays Introduction to Film studies on The Oxford Guide to Film Studies said that Film-as-art discourses argue, or assume, that film is related to the social –
ideological value therefore it is intrinsically worth studying. If they lean on wider discourses of art, of aesthetics or sometimes erotic, then this is only because film itself is an art and therefore
valuable in the terms of art. There is no appeal to something outside film art. According to him, one kind of Social argument sees film as the exemplary symptomatic art
form of the category modernity. This itself is conceived of as a structure of feeling characterizing an epoch in western and subsequently world society from, say, the late eighteenth century
onwards, based in capitalism, industrialism, urban and large-scale, centralized, mass societies.
8
B. The Description of Crime as the Social Problem
As the Social movement developed in each era of this life, peoples needs also increased into higher and higher level, especially the economical needs. The increasing number of people
year to year with different life condition also causes the Social Instability then several of social problems appeared as the reality in the life of society.
Related to the Social problems, Darrel Montero said that very often new conditions emerge suddenly that disturb the balance of the Social structure. Recent technological innovations, in
Pre ss, 1996, p .41 8 John Hill and Pamela Church 1998,loc.cit.
9
particular, are seen as contributing to a variety of social problems.
9
Social Problems are not mere trifles. They are problems of considerable magnitude. Specifically, in order to be so defined, social problems must affect large numbers of people, or they
must affect certain influential people within a society. Moreover, social problems are problems that arouse considerable passion.
10
According to Montero, the kinds of Social problems are Sexual Variance, Drug abuse, health care, the family, sex roles, education, work, poverty, aging, racial and ethnic relations,
crime, urbanization and the ecological crisis.
11
But in this research, the writer will not describe all of the social problems above. The writer will focus her analysis on the Crime as the kind of social problem.
Americans frequently get upset or angry about the problem of crime. A small child is killed, a mother is strangled by her estranged husband, or a businessman cheats people out of their
retirement. Such crimes enrage people and can lead to an increased demand for law and order.
12
Furthermore, Robert H. Lauer said that crime is a social problem that pervades American society, and it includes respectable and nonrespectable citizens.
13
Crime became a major concern
9 Montero, McDowell, Social Problems New York: Mcmillan Publishing Company, 1986, p.5 10Ibid
11 Ibid. p. 7 12 Robert H. Laurer and Jeanette C. Lauer, Crime and Delinquency on Social Problems and The Quality of Life New
York:McGraw Hill Companies, 1978, p.93 13
Ibid. p. 95
10
in the sixties that continues unabated in the seventies, officially and publicly. One observer of the phenomenon reports:
“Sometimes during the 1960s, it is not easy to pinpoint just when crime emerged as a predominant public issue. By the end of the decade, some polls revealed that the
public ranked crime as the most serious problem facing our society above the Vietnam war, race relations, and inflation. Certainly there have been other time in
our history when this issue has aroused great anxiety, and this is hardly the first time that politicians has exploited Americas chronic apprehension that the moral
order is breaking down. Nevertheless, at least in its magnitude, the current reaction to crime is unprecedented.”
14
From the descriptions above, the fact showed that however, phenomenon of crime is kind of the social problem which influence the life of the society and need the solution.
C. Definition of Crime
