Capitalism Ideology Definition of Terms
                                                                                proof  that  one  country  is  living  in  prosperity.  Moreover,  she  does  not  set  the parameter of prosperous living and welfare to begin with.
At the end of the analysis  Mardiana concludes that  Kappaland and Japan are  different  in  a  way  that  Kappaland  had  developed  to  be  a  wealthy  and
prosperous country based on its industrialization and mechanized manufacturing, while  in  Japan  the  political  condition  was  still  in  an  unstable  condition  that  the
problems  of  infanticide,  family,  and  abortion  rose.  In  short,  she  asserts  that Kappas  relatively  have  shared  a  prosperous  living  because  of  he  significant
growth  of  industrialization,  while  Japan  was  still  in  the  transformation  to modernity as in 1920s she was in economic stagnation.
The second related study is conducted by Ho Koon-ki entitled Kappa as a Dystopia: A study of Ak
utagawa’s Anti-utopian Thought. He examines Kappa as a literary expression of Akutagawa‟s vision of a malevolent society, or a dystopia.
In  Kappa  according  to  Koon-ki,  the  influence  of  Jonathan  Swift  is  especially prominent  and  important.  Often,  Kappa  is  r
egarded  as  „Gulliver  in  a  Kimono‟, specifically  after  an  article  reviewing  the  first  English  translation  of  Kappa  in
Time magazine under the title „Guliver in the Kimono‟appeared.
Koon-ki  asserts  that  despite  the  fact  that  an  intimate  relation  can  be identified  between  Kappa  and  some  Western  utopian  fiction,  not  a  single  critic,
has  ever  argued  that  Kappaland  is  a  utopia  as  the  term  is  used  to  mean  ideal commonwealth.  This  is  the  reason  behind  his  attempts  to  conduct  this  research.
Kappa  demonstrated  the  conviction  that  unless  human  nature  changes,  a  perfect PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
utopia  is  not  possible.  Koon-ki  argues  that  Akutagawa  attributed  nearly  all miseries in life to the faults of human nature 1993:48
In  Akutagawa‟s  conviction,  a  genuine  utopia  is  impossible,  for  human nature  is  fundamentally  incompatible  with  any  utopian  order  and  will  therefore
thwart any effort for utopian ends. However, he believed that the plot of the story, therefore, highly resembles a typical utopia under the analysis that after tiring life
in Kappaland, the main character then disillusioned by the human society to which he  returned.  When  the  main  character  eventually  decided  to  settle  in  Kappaland
and was  prevented from  doing so,  he was  caught on his  way there and kept  in  a mental hospital thereafter Koon-ki, 1993:48.
Not  only  Western  influence  of  Swift,  Akutagawa  is  hypothesized  to  be influenced by the Chinese literature, for he was not only an avid reader of Chinese
literature,  but  also  had  made  use  of  Chinese  materials  in  writing  his  stories.  His Kappa  story  has  something  in  common  with  The  Story  of  the  Peach  Blossom
Spring which contains utopian paradise as the setting. In his study, Koon-ki argues that
What marks the utopian and dystopian fiction is really the continuity, the implied  connection  between  the  imaginary  world  described  in  the  fiction
and the actual society to which the author belongs, whereas science fiction often  projects  new  heavens  and  new  hells  based  upon  certain  fantasy  out
of the genres need to recast the physical reality. Kappa as belonging to the utopian  genre  is  established  by  the  mirror-image  relationship  between
Kappaland and Japan 1993:51.
In  his  analysis  Koon-ki  compares  the  similarities  between  Kappa  and Jonathan  Swift‟s  Gulliver’s  Travels.  He  finds  that  the  possible  influences  from
Swift  are  the  protagonist  feeling  of  abhorrence  at  human  appearance  after  he PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
                                            
                