Review of Related Studies

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CHAPTER II THEORETICAL REVIEW

A. Review of Related Studies

Visage 2002, in his research, stated that Los Vendidos focused on the Latino stereotypes. It focused on how the stereotypes effects on society. His research focused on the characters that create stereotype of Mexican-American. Further, in his article titled Los Vendidos: Using Stereotypes to end racism, he stated that The individual “models” appear to have their own identities within the Mexican race and each identity stands for a stereotype society generally holds of Mexicans. For instance, the farm worker goes back to Mexico and doesnt return... until next Spring, and doesnt speak English. The revolucionario was romantic, rode horses, and started revolutions like in the movies. The Mexican American was educated and “Mexican but American.” In the end, however, the characters were stripped of stereotypical features and seemed to be of one people, all speaking Spanish and working together. The characteristics attached to the labels were fabricated by society http:hubpages.com accessed on June 12 th 2011. This quotation implies that, each character in Los Vendidos hold the stereotype of Mexican people, for example Farmworker is described as a person who cannot speak English, Revolucionario is a romantic guy and Mexican American who is educated person. This research highlights the stereotype or label that is given to the Mexican people by the society. Another research on Los Vendidos also had been done by Michaela Abele in 2006. In her research titled Education with a Smile on its Face- An Analysis of Comic Elements in Luis Valdez’s Los Vendidos. She stated that the play actually created a comic sense but it has ironical aspects. The purpose of making it into comic is to take awareness of people in thinking about moral value in society. Therefore, her research focused on the ironical aspects in the play. It is stated as follows Taking into account that “people pay no attention to moralizers,” Robert Harris therefore considers irony to be “the only fruitful method” to reveal hypocrisy and flaws in society, as suggested in his article “The Purpose and Method of Satire.” Harris’s opinion appears to be reflected in Valdez’s acto Los Vendidos, in which he frequently uses irony as well as other kinds of comic elements in order to entertainingly educate his audience and to provoke changes. Initially, the comic nature of Los Vendidos is revealed by its ironical aspects www.grin.com accessed on June 12 th 2011 The third study is taken from Jorg Vogelmann 2006. He had done a research about the comedic elements of Los Vendidos. His research titled Elements of Comedy in Luis Valdez’s Acto Los Vendidos as Techniques for Communication and Mobilisation. This research focused on comedic elements. This element is used to deliver the political messages. Moreover, it is stated in the following quotation. The thesis that Valdez’s play Los Vendidos consists of various comedic patterns to enable a thrilling, entertaining and effective communication between the author and his Chicano audience to sustainably deliver Valdez’s political messages can be seen when analyzing his probably most famous acto and the types of comedy he uses. Los Vendidos can be assigned to classifications like low, realistic or satiric comedy. This, indeed, shows how strongly Valdez relies on comedic-satiric techniques to politically communicate with and mobilise his Chicano fellow countrymen www.grin.com accessed on June 12 th 2011. As the three studies mentioned above, this study has different objective. It is going to analyze the form of racial discrimination depicted through the characters in Los Vendidos .

B. Review of Related Theories