Clause Types. Comparative Study Betweeen Balinese and English Grammatical Features.

7 | P a g e {-in-} in the verb phrases to indicate Passive voice. In English, however, the passive verb phrases are formulated by grammatical elements: Be + Past Participle. Key Words: Tense, Aspect, Mood, Morphophonenics I INTRODUCTION The paper is entitled Comparative Study Between Balinese and English Grammatical Features and it aims at illustrating a brief comparative accounts on the Clause Types, Tense, Aspect, Mood and Voice. So far as the socio-cultural factors are concerned, traditional Balinese society is highly stratified into four castes in a decending order of prestige or profession including Bramana. Ksatrya. We sia and Sudra Comnoners. This stratification results in the speech levels sorsingih base as dialectal varieties: familiar kapara . Polite P alus and Honorfic_ H singih . For example, She He will buy a house . or in BI ‘Ia akan membeli rumah’ can be respectively expressed by the following utterences: I Ida pacang numbas geriya H id  patSaN numbas gEriJE. ii. Dane jaga numbas jero P dane d ZagE numbas dZEro iii. Ia lakar meli umah F i E lakar m E li umah Utterance 1 is said to Brahmana and Ksatrya groups, ii to Wesia and iii to Sudra. When Brahmana, Ksatrya and Wesia groups speak to Sudra. they tend to speak in a familiar code see examples of Permission and Obligation p.13 Most of the examples given in this paper are in Familiar F form. The concluded .remarks are provided in the last chapter II THE COMPARISON BETWEEN BALINESE AND ENGLISH GRAMMATICAL FEATURES

2.1 Clause Types.

8 | P a g e In terms of complementation both Balinese and English have Intransitive Clause, Intensive Clause and Transitive Clause, which are specified only by the obligatory elements to the clause structure. 2.1.1 Intransitive Clause. Balinese English 1 Subject - Verb Intrans. a. Cicinge ngongkong t SitSiNe NoNkoN F a. The dog barks. ‘ Anjingnya mengongong , b. I Bapa maburuh ‘F i bap E maburuh ‘ Father works as labourer’ b. The child laughs ‘Bapak bekerja sebagai buruh’ c. Tiang tusing teka F tiija N tusiN tEkE I do not come ’ . c . They cried ‘Saya tidak datang’ 9 | P a g e 2 Subject – Verb Intrans. - Adjunct. a. Icang nongos di Badung F a. A policeman lives in the house it aN noNos di baduN ‘Saya tinggal di Badung’ ’I live in Badung ’ b. I Raka luas ke peken b. John goes to Victorian Market i rak  lwas kE pEkEn ‘I Raka goes to the market’ ‘I Raka pergi ke Pasar’ c Praginane ngigel duang jam . F pr Eginane NigEl dwaN dZam c. The artist danced for two hours ‘Seniman itu menari selama dua jam 2.1.2 Intensive Clause 3 Subject - Verbintens. - Complement. a. la dadi pragina F i E dadi prEginE a. He becomes an artist. ‘Ia menjadi seniman’ b. Papineh caine rasa-rasa luwung b.Your ideas seem good. papin Eh tSaine rasE rasE luwuN . c. Mary is a nurse ‘Ide saudara sepertinya bagus’ 10 | P a g e 2.1.3 Transitive Clause. 4 Subject - Verb monotrans. - O d . a. I Rai ngalih capung F i rai Nalih tSapuN a. Somebody caught the ball. ‘I Rai mencari capung’ ‘I Rai looks for a dragonfly ’ b. Billy kicked the bucket. b. Pan Karta ngarit padang. F pan kart E Narit padaN c. Everybody admired her new car ‘Pan Karta menyabit rumput’ Karta ’ s father cuts the grass. 5 Subject - Verb ditrans. - Oi -Od. a. I Bapa ngaritang sampi padang i bap E NaritaN sampi padaN a. She gave me expensive present ‘Ayah nyabit rumbut buat sapi. ‘Father cuts the grass for the cow ’ b. I Meme madaarin pianakne nasi F b. They passed Aunty Ann the salt i meme m daarin pianakne nasi ‘Ibu ngasi anaknya makan’ c, My dad bought me a new celephone, ‘Ibu menyuapi anaknya nasi’ Mother feeds her child with some rice ’ 6 Subject - Verb Comp.trans. - Od- Adjunct. a. I Rai meli nasi di warung F irai m Eli nasi di waruN a. I put the ball on the table. ‘I Rai beli nasi di warung’ 11 | P a g e I Rai bought some rice at the foodstall ’ b. Bapa Made ngejuk celeng di jempeng.F b.The government sent the envoy bap E made NEjuk tSeleN di dZEmpEN to Africa. bap E made NEjuk tSeleN di dZEmpEN ‘Pak Made nangkap babi di kandang’ 7 Subject - Verb cormp. trans - Od - Co. a. la ngaku dewekne beneh dogen F a. We have proved him a fool i E Naku dewekne bEnEh dogen ‘Ia memgaku diriya selalu benar’ ‘ Heshe acknowledges himselfherself always right’ b. I Bapa nyicipin laware jaan gati F b. The police proved him guilty, i bap E ³itSipin laware dZaan gati c. The group selected Mr Ali ‘Ayah mencicipi lawarnya enak sekali’ chairman Father tasted the lawar very delicious ’

2.2 Basic Clause.