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1. INTRDUCTION
Pragmatics is the study of the aspects of meaning and language use that are dependent on the speaker, the addressee and other features of the
context of utterance. In other words, Pragmatics is concerned with the study of meaning as communicated by a speaker and interpreted by a listener
Yule, 1996:3. P ragmatics is the study of „speaker meaning‟, or how we
recognize what is mean even when it is not actually said or written. Yule states that the physical environment, or context, is perhaps more easily
recognized as having a powerful impact on how referring expression are to be interpreted Yule, 1996:21.
Fasold states that “Pragmatics is the study of the use of context to mak
e inferences about meaning” in Fauziati, 2016:136.
To convey the ideas of the speaker and to get the responses from the addressee, that people used the speech acts. Speech acts deal with the
utterance to perform a specific action McCarthy, 1991: 9-10. In
attempting to express themselves, people do not only produce utterances containing grammatical structures and words, they perform actions via those
utterance. “Speech acts are actions which are performed via utterances” Yule, 1996:47. According to Yule 1983 the actions performed by
producing an utterance will consist of three related acts. They are locutionary act, illocutionary act, and perlocutionary act.
Illocutionary acts are acts performed by speakers in saying something with an appropriate intention and in an appropriate context. According to
Searle‟s 1969, there are five classifications of illocutionary acts including their illocutionary functions Searle, 1979: 12; Yule, 1996: 36. For
example, representative, directives, expressive, commisive, and declaratives. This present study will be analyzed the illocutionary meanings in question
form are employed by the characters of
Life is Beautiful
movie.
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Most often questions are used to get information, but sometimes questions are also used to express surprise feeling, for example the WH
questions
what
, when the speaker uttered it in high intonation, the function of WH questions
what
is as exclamation or to show surprises feeling. Modal auxiliaries word in the form of interrogative are used to show politeness.
Questions also have multiple functions in making an order or offer usually the speaker uses questions. The answer of a question is verbally, but it could
be an act if the question uttered in the form of speech act. The following data are some the illocution meanings of questions
in
Life is Beautiful
movie, which mostly happen from those who have an authority or superiority over to others hearers. In these scripts, question or
interrogative form were used with their situational context. For examples : Dialogue:
In the corner of the road to repair of a machine car. Guido Orefice : Now what do you need?
Fernuccio : Nothing, I need ten minutes alone.
Guido Orefice : Do you want the screw, from before? Fernuccio
: No, I want to be alone. Guido Orefice
: All right, I‟ll leave you alone. Do I toss out the screw, if I find it?
The sentences are uttered by Guido Orefice in the corner of the road with his friend. Therefore, Guido always asks a question whether
Ferruccio needs a screw or not . He says, “
I found the screw
. Now, what do you need
?” it is employed by Guido used an interrogative form which is not merely a question that needs an answer. This question has a function or
purpose. The illocutionary meaning of this questions
is offering a help
to Ferruccio in repairing the damaged car. Because Ferruccio with his
capability thinks that the car has a trouble in the machine. Because Ferruccio does not need help from Guido. In the last question, Guido asks,
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“
Do I toss out the screw if I find it?” the illocutionary meanings of this question
is
confirming
to Ferruccio. Because he really wants to help him to repair this car
In general study of illocutionary was done by researchers with kinds of media. The first study of the illocutionary act in the commissives
act are used by characters of the movie or novel Kusumo;2015, Listiana;2012, Nindyasari;2013, Nugroho;2011, and Wardani;2011. The
second is analyzed the directive utterance and speech act in interrogative form Puspitasari;2015, Kurniadi;2015, Corddy;2001, Zahroh;2015,
Pramesti;2011, Sundari;2009. The third is studied of the illocutionary acts that used in advertisement and social media Rdilwan;2013, Alnajjar;2015,
Oyele and Ayodele; 2012, Ainurrohmah;2011. This research more specific topic. That focus on the study
illocutionary meaning especially in question or interrogative form are employed by the characters in
Life is Beautiful
movie. In analyzing data, the researcher used Searle‟s theory 1979 to analyze the illocutionary act and it
supported by Hymes theory 1974 about situational context with SPEAKING formula.
Based on the phenomena above, the researcher is interested to analyze about the Illocutionary meaning of questions in
Life is Beautiful
movie. The research will be entitled
The Illocutionary Meanings of question in Life is Beautiful Movie.
2. RESEARCH METHOD
Kategori