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ratio was 105.3 and the net enrolment ratio was 88.5, while gender parity was 49.9 of girls in primary schools
2.7 Secondary Education Development Plan SEDP
The Secondary Education Development Plan SEDP was developed within the context of the broad Education Sector Development Programme ESDP
and the Secondary Education Master Plan SEMP. The overall goal of Secondary Education Development Plan is to increase the proportion of
Tanzania youths who complete secondary education at lower and upper levels with acceptable learning achievements. In order to realize this goal,
plan has five strategic priorities, namely: a access improvement; b equity improvement; c management reforms; and d education management
system improvement.
2.7.1 Access Improvement
The main objectives here is to increase the transition rate from primary to lower secondary education so as to avail greater opportunities for those
completing primary education to pursue secondary education. In order to achieve this objective the government planned to optimize utilization of
teachers and existing facilities, construct new schools, and expand open and distance learning. The government targets are to increase transition from
primary to lower secondary education from 21 in 2002 to 50 by 2009 and transition rate from lower to upper secondary education from 15 in
2002 to 25 in 2009 through:
i Completion of existing schools
The government will increase the capacity of existing two streams school to four streams as follows:
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Items 200405 200506 200607
200708 200809
Classrooms 427
427 427
427 Staff houses
427 427
427 427
Chairs 17,507
17,507 17,507
17,507 Tables
17,507 17,507
17,507 17,507
Libraries 214
Supply of water 53
Supply of electric power
53 Laboratories
320
Source: The table is based on values in the Education Sector Development Programme – Secondary Education Development Plan SEDP p. 7.
ii Rehabilitation of 100 old government secondary schools:
Items
200405 200506 200607 200708 200809
Schools normal 20
20 20
20 Schools
Disabled 8
Infrastructure of urban schools with
double shift 63
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Source: The table is based on values in the Education Sector Development Programme – Secondary Education Development Plan SEDP p. 7.
one toilet, one classroom and one special room shall be rehabilitated in each school of the disabled.
iii Construction of new lower secondary schools in underserved
areas: Items
200405 200506 200607 200708 200809
Classrooms 458
1,251 2,361
3,015 5,633
Laboratories 362
596 1,039
1,773 3,470
Libraries 121
199 346
591 1,157
Administration blocks
121 199
346 591
1,157 Assembly halls
121 199
346 591
1,157 Toilet halls
121 199
346 591
1,157 Staff houses
1,206 1,987
3,463 5,910
11,566 Supply of water
121 199
346 591
1,157 Supply of electric
power 121
199 346
591 1,157
Chairs 146,103 180,283 244,890 351,818 758,700
Tables 146,103 180,283 244,890 351,818 758,700
Hostels for girls 2
5 5
3 2
Source: The table is based on values in the Education Sector Development Programme – Secondary Education Development Plan SEDP p. 7.
iv Construction of requisite facilities in 14 lower secondary
schools being up-graded to upper secondary schools
Items 200405 200506
200607 200708
‘O’ level schools converted to ‘A’ level
7 7
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Lecture halls 4
3 Assembly halls
3 4
Hostels 7
7 Ablution blocks
7 7
Expansion of 64 ‘A’ schools – classrooms
128 128
128 128
Hostels 48
48 48
48 Ablution blocks
16 16
16 16
Source: The table is based on values in the Education Sector Development Programme – Secondary Education Development Plan SEDP p. 8.
v Expand open and Distance learning:
In order to expand open and distance learning, the government’s target is to enroll 50,000 out of school youth and adults participants in secondary
education through non-formal methods by 2009. Also the government intends to reduce drop-out rates from 6 in 2003 to 2 in 2009, as well as
reducing the failure rate at form two from 31.2 to less that 25 in 2009. Equity Improvement
The main objective is to ensure equal participation across geographical, gender, different disadvantaged groups, and income level so as to achieve
balanced and harmonious development. In this case, the government will construct schools in underserved areas, provide scholarship to children from
poor families, improve education facilities for disadvantaged groups, and improve the performance and retention of girls. The government’s target
here is to increase the number of children getting scholarship from 6,000 to 12,000, improve facilities in 8 school with disabled students, as well as
constructing hostels in girls’ secondary schools, especially in nomadic areas by 2009.
2.7.2 Quality Improvement
The main objective of this quality improvement is to have a market responsive curriculum, with an efficient and effective delivery system. In
this context the government’s strategies are: a to review science and mathematics subjects, based on learning abilities; b to focus on creating
compulsory subjects in form 1 and 2, which include: Kiswahili, English, mathematics, civics, history, biology, physics and chemistry; c to train
adequate number of teachers; d to provide adequate financing for the provision of teaching and learning materials; e to provide appropriate in-
service training to both teachers and tutors; and f to establish online teacher training system in all diploma colleges. The government’s targets
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here are: to have a reviewed curriculum by 2006, to develop the national curriculum and examination framework by 2005, to make the student-book
ratio 1:1 by 2009, to establish on-line teacher training system in 14 diploma colleges, and to provide adequate qualified teachers for all subjects in all
schools and colleges by 2009 SEDP, p.9 Improving Students Learning Time
Since, students in most of day schools do not spend enough time to learn and study, the main objective here is to maximize time-on-task and provide
incentives for students to learn. In this case, the government’s strategy is to provide lunch by the use of the
capitation grant and parental contribution. And therefore, the target is to provide lunch in all day schools by 2005.
Girls Retention and Achievement The main objective is to improve the retention and achievement of girls in
secondary schools. In this context, the strategies of the government are: a to provide remedial classes to girls who are under performing; b to
improve guidance and counseling services and facilities for girls, privacy in schools; and c to provide user friendly materials in science and
mathematics. The government’s targets are: a to establish remedial classes for all under performing girls in all schools by 2005; b to firmly establish
guidance and counseling services in all schools by 2007; c to provide adequate facilities for girls privacy in all schools by 2009; and d to provide
user friendly materials by 2006 SEDP, p.11 .
2.7.3 Management Reforms
The main objective of management reforms is to improve the operational effectiveness and efficiency of secondary education by reducing bureaucracy
in decision making and encouraging community participation. The government strategies here are: a to devolve authority of
financialoperational management of schools to school boards; b to promote accountability of heads of schools; c to develop school plans of
execution; and d to train school heads, board members and management team. The targets of the plan are: a to devolve authorities and
responsibilities to lower levels by 2006; SEDP, p.1112
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2.8 Higher Education in Tanzania
Kategori