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Review of Previous Studies

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CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter is divided into previous of the studies, writing, steps of writing, teaching writing, running dictation technique, descriptive text, classroom action research, and framework of the study. This chapter mainly discuses some information related to the topic of the study quoted or explained from many sources.

2.1 Review of Previous Studies

Review of the previous studies consists of some researches which have similiar topic. They can be used as references in this study. There are some previous studies related with the application of Running Dictation technique in the area of language learning. The descriptions of the previous research findings are as the following: Rahayu 2009 conducted a research entitle “Dictogloss in Teaching Writing Descriptive Text to the Tenth Graders.” This study shows that students get better in creating descriptive text writing after dictogloss, the similar technique to running dictation, has been applied, as before they get lack of ideas and vocabulary. The other research was conducted by Wati 2013 entitled “Efektivitas Pendekatan Content and Language Integrated Learning CLIL melalui Running Dictation untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar dan Ketrampilan Berkomunikasi Lisan Siswa Sekolah Bilingual. ” This study shows that running dictation can improve students‟ speaking ability in communicating during teaching and learning process because running dictation is such a fun activity so the students can avoid their boredom during class. The next previous study that has been done is entitled Mengembangkan Listening Skill melalui Running Dictation by Widayanto 2005. This study shows that running dictation can improve students‟ soft skill such as cooperating, discipline, responsibility, leadership, integrity, etc. Beside that, running dictation also can improve students‟ skill in listening because running dictation is done by dictating some sentences from one student to other students. Based on previous studies above, it can be concluded that running dictation is such a fun activity that makes students enjoy during teaching learning process. Because there has been not a study about running dictation technique to teach writing in descriptive text yet, I try to conduct it since descriptive text is an interesting text to improve students‟ ability in writing and running dictation technique will help them in generating ideas.

2.2 Review of Theoretical Background

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