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Framework of the Study

research provides teachers with ongoing opportunities to reflect on and refine their own teaching practices.

2.6 Framework of the Study

Below is the research design plan diagram for the study of running dictation technique to improve students‟ writing in descriptive text. Figure 2.2 Framework of the Study Preliminary Interview and Observation Result and Interpretation Conclusions and Suggestions Data Analysis Pre-assessment Conducting Research 1. Planning 2. Acting 3. Observing 4. Reflecting Cycle 2: 2 meetings Cycle 1: 2 meetings 1. Planning 2. Acting 3. Observing 4. Reflecting The first phase of the diagram shows the step of preliminary interview and observation that is conducted to see how the problem exists. The next step is conducting the research. It includes collecting data from pre-assessment and both two cycles. Four steps of action research are conducted in cycle 1 and cycle 2 where the treatment of using running dictation technique in the learning process is implemented. The data collected from the previous step is analyzed in data analysis phase to get the result and its interpretation. Both result and the interpretation are used to draw conclusions and make suggestions. 34

CHAPTER III METHODS OF INVESTIGATION

To carry out this study, I use an Action Research as a part of Qualitative Research. This point presents research design, population and sample, variables, instruments for collecting data, procedures of collecting data, and procedures of analyzing data.

3.1 Research Design

In this study, Classroom Action Research is used. It is conducted to see the improvement of students‟ writing ability of descriptive text using running dictation in the learning process. A qualitative approach is a general way of thinking about conducting qualitative research. Classroom Action Research illustrates the sequence of teaching and learning process. One „action‟ or one „cycle‟ indicates a group of events needed to be conducted before managing another „action‟ or „cycle‟. The previous study reflection is needed as the correction to prepare the next action. Conducting action research provides educators with an avenue to reflect on ones own teaching practices and engage in self-directed learning, with the ultimate goal of improving student learning. In order to reach optimal learning, teachers must continuously build upon their knowledge of student learning and intentionally study the instructional practices they are implementing in the classroom Rawlinson Little, 2004: 24. Therefore, classroom action research is applied to get students‟ motivation process become well to get the best result

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