5.7 State of the World Fisheries and Aquaculture – FAO

The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2014 20 The overall growth in aquaculture production remains relatively strong owing to the increasing demand for food fish among most producing countries. However, aquaculture output by some industrialized regional major producers, most notably the United States of America, Spain, France, Italy, Japan and the Republic of Korea, has fallen in recent years. A decline in finfish production is common to all these countries, while mollusc production has also decreased in some of them. The availability of fish imported from other countries where production costs are relatively low is seen as a major reason for such production falls. The resulting fish supply gap in the aforementioned countries has been one of the drivers encouraging production expansion in other countries with a strong focus on export-oriented species. World food fish aquaculture production expanded at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent in the period 2000–2012, more slowly than in the periods 1980–1990 10.8 percent and 1990–2000 9.5 percent. Between 1980 and 2012, world aquaculture production volume increased at an average rate of 8.6 percent per year. World food fish aquaculture production more than doubled from 32.4 million tonnes in 2000 to 66.6 million tonnes in 2012. Table 6 Aquaculture production by region: quantity and percentage of world total production Selected groups and countries 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2012 Africa tonnes 81 015 110 292 399 688 646 182 1 286 591 1 485 367 percentage

0.62 0.45

1.23 1.46

2.18 2.23

North Africa tonnes 63 831 75 316 343 986 545 217 928 530 1 030 675 percentage 0.49 0.31 1.06 1.23 1.57 1.55 Sub-Saharan Africa tonnes 17 184 34 976 55 702 100 965 358 062 454 691 percentage 0.13 0.14 0.17 0.23 0.61 0.68 Americas tonnes 548 479 919 571 1 423 433 2 176 740 2 581 089 3 187 319 percentage

4.19 3.77

4.39 4.91

4.37 4.78

Caribbean tonnes 12 169 28 260 39 704 29 790 37 301 28 736 percentage 0.09 0.12 0.12 0.07 0.06 0.04 Latin America tonnes 179 367 412 650 799 234 1 478 443 1 885 965 2 565 107 percentage 1.37 1.69 2.47 3.34 3.19 3.85 North America tonnes 356 943 478 661 584 495 668 507 657 823 593 476 percentage 2.73 1.96 1.80 1.51 1.11 0.89 Asia tonnes 10 801 531 21 677 062 28 420 611 39 185 417 52 436 025 58 895 736 percentage

82.61 88.90

87.67 88.46

88.82 88.39

China tonnes 6 482 402 15 855 653 21 522 095 28 120 690 36 734 215 41 108 306 percentage 49.58 65.03 66.39 63.48 62.22 61.69 Central and Western Asia tonnes 72 164 65 602 122 828 190 654 259 781 311 133 percentage 0.55 0.27 0.38 0.43 0.44 0.47 Southern and Eastern Asia excluding China tonnes 4 246 965 5 755 807 6 775 688 10 874 073 15 442 028 17 476 296 percentage 32.48 23.61 20.90 24.55