and Jane and Imelda 2004 to shows that patriarchy is a system of male oppression. This theory is
useful to see that Taliban‘s rules on ideal Muslim women are reflecting the patriarchal mindset to oppress women in society.
Third, the theory of radical feminism used is based on Maggie Humm 2012 and Rosemarie Tong 2009 which shows that women oppression is caused
by patriarchy. Thus radical feminist wants to destroy all forms of oppression by destroying the patriarchy itself. This theory is
useful to justify Malala‘s action in breakin
g Taliban‘s rules on ideal Muslim women. Fourth, the theory of resistance used is based on Stellan Vinthagen 2007 which gives two forms of resistance,
nonviolent and constructive resistance. This theory is useful to analyze on why and how the main charac
ter resists against Taliban‘s oppressions. The historical background of Pashtunwali, Swat and Taliban in Pakistan
help the writer to compare the social condition before and after the establishment
of Taliban‘s regime. In the end, it is useful for the writer to relate the setting and
resistance of the main character in the autobiography.
21
CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY
A. Object of the Study
The object of this study is I Am Malala, which was written by Malala Yousafzai and co-writer Christina Lamb and published in Great Britain in 2013.
Malala Yousafzai is Pakistani activist for female education and the winner of Nobel Peace Prize in 2014. I Am Malala had been translated into over 40
languages and sold well over a million copies since its publication. Surprisingly, this autobiography became an international bestseller and won some awards, like
Goodreads Choice Awards Best Memoir and Autobiography 2013 and the Specsavers National Books Award 2013.
I Am Malala is an autobiography that shows the struggle of a 14 years old girl who stands against Taliban to fight for
women’s rights. This is because Taliban’s rules have already limited women in some aspects, like they should
wear burqa, not pursue education, not go outside alone, and not pursue job. Furthermore, when women disobey their rules, they are punished by Taliban, like
being hit, stoned even killed. By seeing this oppression and injustice condition, Malala as the main character in this autobiography does not keep silent, she resists
against Taliban by doing campaign on women’s rights and freedom. Because of
her action, she becomes the main target of Taliban and finally she is shot by two
men in her way home by bus after taking exams in her school and rushed to Combined Military Hospital in Peshawar.
After she does an operation in the Combined Military Hospital, she flied to UK to get a better treatment for her health in Queen Elizabeth Hospital in
Birmingham. After she recovers, her family decides to stay in Birmingham for her safety. This is because Taliban has already made an announcement if they want to
kill Malala once she goes back to Swat valley, Pakistan. Although, she stays in Birmingham, she always misses and hopes to have a chance to go back to Swat.
Eventhough she has already faced many obstacles in campaigning women’s right,
she chooses to continue it and she finally gets the Nobel Peace Prize from United Nation.
B. Approach of the Study
In this study, the writer uses feminism approach to analyze Malala’s
resistance against Taliban’s rules on ideal Muslim women in I Am Malala. According to Maggie Humm in The Dictionary of Feminist Theory, feminist
approach is to understand women’s oppression in terms of race, gender, class, and sexual preference and how to change it Humm, 2012: xii. In this case, feminist
approach analyzes not only women’s experience but also women’s struggle in resisting
the oppression in order to liberate them. The main source of women’s oppression is patriarchy
, “Patriarchy is a system of social structures and practices in which men dominate, oppress, and exploit women” Pilcher and Whelehan,
2004: 95. Therefore, the only way to liberate women is by resisting or opposing
patriarchy. “Radical feminism focuses on the roots of male domination and claims
that all forms of oppression are extensions of male supremacy” Humm, 2012: 231. Rosemarie Tong strengthened this idea by saying that radical feminism
claims that patriarchy characterized by power, dominance, and hierarchy. In order to get women’s liberation, radical feminist should be uprooting or breaking its
root, not only patriarchy’s legal and political structures but also its social and cultural institution especially family and organized religion Tong, 2009: 2.
C. Method of the Study
In this study, the writer used library research method. The primary source of this study was I Am Malala, which was written by Malala Yousafzai and co-
writer Christina Lamb. Other sources were taken from printed and electronic books, previous undergraduate theses, and journals discussing the similar topic to
the study. In order to analyze the study, the writer used some steps. First, the writer
read the autobiography I Am Malala to get more understanding about the plot of the story. Second, the writer re-read the autobiography carefully, gave the
highlights even took some notes to some important information. Third, the writer read some theories in order to strengthen the analysis. For example, when the
writer wanted to prove that setting could influence Malala’s resistance toward Taliban’s rules. The writer read the theory of setting in Glossary of Literary
Terms by M. H. Abrams 1993 and A Handbook to Literature by Holman and Harmon 1986. From those theories, the writer understood that setting of social
