THE POLITENESS STRATEGY OF DIRECTIVE UTTERANCES USED BY THE STUDENTS The Politeness Strategy of Directive Utterances Used by the Students in Sahid Tourism Institute of Surakarta: A Pragmatic Perspective.
THE POLITENESS STRATEGY OF DIRECTIVE
UTTERANCES USED BY THE STUDENTS
IN SAHID TOURISM INSTITUTE OF SURAKARTA:
A PRAGMATIC PERSPECTIVE
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education
in English
by:
ITA AULIYA YUSITASARI
A320 120 090
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2017
i
ii
iii
iii
NIP. 196550428 199303
iv iv
MOTTO
Learn to trust the journey, even when you do not understand it.
(The Researcher)
So do not weaken and do not grieve, and you will be superior if you are [true]
believers.
(QS. Ali Imran: 139)
Every great dream begins with a dreamer. Always remember, you have within you
the strength, the patience, and the passion to reach for the stars to change the
world.
(Harriet Tubman)
v
DEDICATION
This humble work is especially dedicated to:
My beloved father, Karmin.
My beloved mother, Jumini.
My lovely brothers Ananda Riski Nugraha.
My beloved grandfather, Sopawiro.
vi
ACKNOWLEDMENT
Assalamualaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh.
In the name of God Most Gracious, Most Merciful Peace and God
Blessing on you all.
Alhamdullilahirabilalamin, glory to God Most Highest, Full of Grace and
Mercy, the Sustainer of the world that because of His blessing and guidance, the
researcher is finally able to finish her research paper. Praise is also given to the
great messenger, peace be upon Him, glory person who gives His blessing to her
masses in the next day.
In accomplishing this research paper, the researcher gets much help and
guidance from others. Therefore, she would like to express her greatest gratitude
to the following people;
1. Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, the Dean of school of teacher training and
education of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta, for approving this
research paper,
2. Mauly Halwat Hikmat, Ph. D, as the head of English Department, who has
permitted her to write this research paper,
3. Dra. Siti Zuhryiah Aryatmi, M. Hum as the first consultant, the inspiring
lecturer who makes the researcher interested in pragmatics in teaching, and
who already guided and advised patiently in correcting this research paper.
More than millions of thanks and deeply sorry from the researcher’s heart for
her,
4. Hepy Adityarini, Ph. D as the second consultant who already gave a large of
help and motivation, guidance to improve on writing or about structure in this
research paper for her. More than millions of thanks and deeply sorry from the
researcher’s heart for her,
vii
5. All lecturers in English Department of Muhammadiyah University of
Surakarta who have given her knowledge, support and experience, thanks for
the useful knowledge and the wisdom,
6. Sahid Tourism Institute of Surakarta, for permitting her to collect the data in
there,
7. Hersuper beloved father, Karmin and her beloved and perfect mother Jumini,
thanks a lot for affection which never ending, praying, loving, motivating and
supporting me,
8. Her beloved brothers Ananda Riski Nugroho thank a lot for supporting,
motivating me,
9. Her adored grandfather, Sopawiro, who always gives her motivation and
suggestion for always grateful in life.
10. Her cherished boyfriend, Agung Setyo Purwanto, S.E who gives motivation,
support, and pray in her life,
11. Her beloved partners in doing this paper together Kharisma, Nova, and Arif
thank you so much for helping her, amazing regards for all the memory,
12. Her precious ‘Beauty Boarding House’ friends, Ulya, Chrismeina, Umi
Nurtyas, Astria, Febrika, Umi Sholihah, Jehan, Rika, Ulin, who always gives
pleasure, unity in the happiness or sadness, supporting her, amazing regards
for all the memory they have given.
13. Her dearest friends, Kharisma, Azizah, Latifah, Annisa, who always gives
pleasure, unity in the happiness or sadness, supporting her. There are no words
capable of expressing her happiness to have met you in life,
14. Her beloved Senior High School friend, Nofera Ayu, many thanks for the
friendship that we have so far,
15. Her meaningful friends of ‘Teater Sokle’,Mbak Lina, Mas Rudy, Mas Irawan,
Tanti, Digta, Pucu, Intan, Awang, Adi, and others who always giver her
motivation,
16.All of Muecers ,Aditya, Umi Salamah, Astria, Syilvia, Rezky, Adika, Rendra,
Ari, Mas Iqbal, Mbak Suci, Mas Ardita and others Muecers who cannot be
mentioned one by one, thankful for knowing you all and thank you for all
viii
motivation, knowledge, fun and challenge experience that never be forgotten
ever after.
17. All of the researcher’s friends in English Department 2012 Academic Year.
Thanks for this warm and meaningful friendship,
18. All of her families, friends and teachers that cannot be mentioned one by one,
who give support her a lot,
19. Last but not least, those who cannot be mentioned one by one, who have
supported her to finish writing the research paper and also to start her future.
The researcher realizes that this research paper is still far from
being perfect, so the researcher welcomes any constructive comment,
criticism, and suggestion from anyone. Finally, she hopes that this research
paper would help the other researchers who are interested in studying
pragmatics and enrich for the readers knowledge.
Waalamualaaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh.
Surakarta, February 10, 2017
Researcher
Ita Auliya Yusitasari
ix
TABLE OF CONTENT
COVER ......................................................................................................
i
TESTIMONY .............................................................................................
ii
APPROVAL ...............................................................................................
iii
ACCEPTANCE .........................................................................................
iv
MOTTO .....................................................................................................
v
DEDICATION ...........................................................................................
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .........................................................................
vii
TABLE OF CONTENT .............................................................................
x
LIST OF TABLE .......................................................................................
xiii
LIST OF CHART ........................................................................................
xiv
ABSTRACT ...............................................................................................
xv
ABSTRACT ................................................................................................
xvi
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION..............................................................
1
A. Background of the Study.................................................................
1
B. Limitation of the Study ...................................................................
2
C. Research Question ...........................................................................
2
D. Objective of the Study.....................................................................
3
E. Benefit of the Study .........................................................................
3
F. Research Paper Organization ...........................................................
3
CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW ................................................
4
A. Overview of Pragmatics ..................................................................
4
A.1. Principle of Pragmatics .........................................................
4
A.1.1 Deixis ...........................................................................
5
A.1.2. Presupposition .............................................................
5
A.1.3. Speech Act ..................................................................
6
A.2. Socio-pragmatics ...................................................................
7
A.3. Linguistic Types ....................................................................
8
A.3.1. Declarative Sentence ...................................................
8
x
A.3.2. Imperative Sentence ....................................................
8
A.3.3. Interrogative Sentence ................................................
8
A.3.4. Exclamatory Sentence .................................................
8
B. Directive ........................................................................................
9
B.1. Definition of Directive ..........................................................
9
B.2. Kinds of Directive .................................................................
9
B.2.1 Commanding ................................................................
9
B.2.2. Ordering ......................................................................
9
B.2.3. Requesting ...................................................................
10
B.2.4. Prohibiting ...................................................................
10
B.2.5. Suggestion ...................................................................
10
C. Politeness Strategies .......................................................................
10
C.1. Politeness...............................................................................
10
C.1.1. Positive Face ..............................................................
11
C.1.2. Negative Face .............................................................
12
C.2. Politeness Strategies ..............................................................
12
C.2.1. Independent Socio-Cultural Variable of FTA .............
12
C.2.2. Brown and Levinson Politeness Strategies .................
13
D. Context of Pragmatics .....................................................................
14
D.1. Participants ............................................................................
15
D.2. Setting ...................................................................................
15
D.3. Topic .....................................................................................
15
D.4. Channel .................................................................................
15
D.5. Code ......................................................................................
15
D.6. Message Form .......................................................................
16
D.7. Speech Event .........................................................................
16
D.8. The Purpose of the Event ......................................................
16
E. DCT (Discourse Completion Task) ...............................................
16
F. Teaching Pragmatics ......................................................................
17
G. Previous Study ................................................................................
18
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD .................................................
23
xi
A. Research Type .................................................................................
23
B. Setting..............................................................................................
23
C. Research Object ...............................................................................
24
D. Data and Data Source ......................................................................
24
E. Technique of Collecting Data ..........................................................
24
F. Technique of Analyzing Data ..........................................................
27
G. Trustworthiness ..............................................................................
28
CHAPTER IV DATA ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION OF FINDING
A. Finding ............................................................................................
30
30
1. The linguistic types used by the second semester students of
Sahid Tourism Institute of Surakarta 2015/ 2016 academic
year ...........................................................................................
30
2. Politeness Strategy used by students of Sahid Tourism
Institute of Surakarta2015/2016 academic year in expressing
directive utterances ..................................................................
56
B. Discussion of the findings ...............................................................
81
1. Research Question 1: What are the linguistic types of
directive utterance used by the second semester students of
Sahid Tourism Institute of Surakarta 2015/2016 academic
year? .........................................................................................
81
2. Research Question 2: What are the politeness strategies
used by the second semester students of Sahid Tourism
Institute of Surakarta 2015/2016 academic year in expressing
Directive utterances? ................................................................
82
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ............................
84
A. Conclusion ......................................................................................
84
B. Pedagogical Implication ..................................................................
86
C. Suggestion .......................................................................................
86
BIBLIOGRAPHY .....................................................................................
88
APPENDIX
xii
LIST OF TABLE
Table 1. Three social – cultural of FTA ......................................................
xiii
25
LIST OF CHART
Chart 1.1 Percentages of Linguistic TypesClose - Higher (DCT 1) ..............
32
Chart 1.2 Percentage of Linguistic TypesClose - Higher (DCT 2) ................
35
Chart 1.3 Percentage of Linguistic TypesClose - equal (DCT 3) ..................
38
Chart 1.4 Percentage of Linguistic TypesFamiliar Lower (DCT 4) ..............
41
Chart 1.5 Percentage of Linguistic Types Familiar - Higher (DCT 5) ..........
44
Chart 1.6 Percentage of Linguistic Types Familiar - Equal (DCT 6) ............
47
Chart 1.7 Percentage of Linguistic Types Unfamiliar - Lower (DCT 7) .......
49
Chart 1.8 Percentage of Linguistic Types Unfamiliar - Higher (DCT 8) ......
52
Chart 1.9 Percentage of Linguistic TypesUnfamiliar - Equal (DCT 9) .........
55
Chart 2.1 percentage of Politeness StrategyClose - Lower (DCT 1) .............
58
Chart 2.2 Percentage of Politeness StrategyClose - Lower (DCT 2) .............
61
Chart 2.3 Percentage of Politeness StrategyClose - Equal (DCT 3) ..............
64
Chart 2.4 Percentage of Politeness StrategyFamiliar - Lower (DCT 4) ........
66
Chart 2.5 Percentage of Politeness StrategyFamiliar - Higher (DCT 5) ........
69
Chart 2.6 Percentage of Politeness StrategyFamiliar - Equal (DCT 6)..........
72
Chart 2.7 Percentage of Politeness StrategyUnfamiliar - Lower (DCT 7) ....
75
Chart 2.8 Percentage of Politeness StrategyUnfamilar - Lower (DCT 8)......
77
Chart 2.9 Percentage of Politeness StrategyUnfamiliar - Equal (DCT 9)......
80
Chart 3.1 The Percentage of Appropriateness of Linguistic Types ...............
84
Chart 3.2 The Percentage of Inappropriate of Politeness Strategy ................
85
xiv
ABSTRAK
Ita Auliya Yusitasari. A 320 120 090. BENTUK STRATEGI SOPAN SANTUN
PADA UCAPAN PETUNJUK DIGUNAKAN OLEH mahasiswa di
UNIVERSITAS SAHID SURAKARTA: A PERSPEKTIF PRAGMATIK.
Skripsi. Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Muhammadiyah
Surakarta.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis kalimat dan strategi kesopanan
yang digunakan oleh mahasiswa semester II di Sekolah Tinggi Pariwisata Sahid
Surakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif, yang
meliputi lima belas siswa di semester kedua di Sekolah Tinggi Pariwisata Sahid
Surakarta. Pengambilan data menggunakan Discourse Completing Task (DCT).
Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan teori sentence types oleh Marcela Frank, dan
politeness strategy oleh Brown dan Levinson. Berdasarkan analisis tanggapan
tertulis siswa terhadap DCT, studi ini menemukan bahwa siswa mampu
menghasilkan 3 jenis kalimat: deklaratif, imperatif, dan kalimat interogatif.
Namun, penelitian ini juga menemukan sebagian kecil siswa yang menulis respon
yang tidak dapat diklasifikasikan ke dalam jenis kalimat. Dalam hal strategi
kesopanan, hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan siswa mampu menghasilkan 3 jenis
strategi kesantunan: bald on record, positive politeness, dan negative
politeness.Menariknya, penelitian ini juga menemukan sebagian kecil siswa yang
menulis respon yang tidak dapat diklasifikasikan ke dalam strategi kesantunan
apapun.
Kata kunci : jenis kalimat, strategi kesopanan.
xv
ABSTRACT
Ita Auliya Yusitasari. A 320 120 090. THE POLITENESS STRATEGY OF
DIRECTIVE UTTERANCES USED BY THE STUDENTS IN SAHID
TOURISM
INSTITUTE
OF
SURAKARTA:A
PRAGMATIC
PERSPECTIVE. Research Paper. Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
The current study is aimed to investigate the linguistic type and politeness strategy
used by the second semester students of Sahid Tourism Institute of Surakarta. The
study used descriptive qualitative research, which include fifteen students in
second semester at Sahid Tourism Institute of Surakarta. The data are collected by
using Discourse Completing Task (DCT). The data are analyzed by using the
theory of liguistic types by Marcela Frank, and politeness strategy by Brown and
Levinson. Based on the analysis of written responses to DCT, the study found that
the students were able to produce 3 types of linguistic: declaratives, imperatives,
and interrogatives. However, this study also found small percentage of students
who wrote inappropriate response that cannot be classified into any linguistic
types. In terms of politeness strategy, the result of this study indicated the students
were able to produce 3 types of politeness strategy: bald on record, positive
politeness, and negative politeness. Interestingly, this study also found small
percentage of students who wrote inappropriate response that cannot be classified
into any politeness strategy.
Keyword: linguistic types, politeness strategy.
xvi
UTTERANCES USED BY THE STUDENTS
IN SAHID TOURISM INSTITUTE OF SURAKARTA:
A PRAGMATIC PERSPECTIVE
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education
in English
by:
ITA AULIYA YUSITASARI
A320 120 090
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2017
i
ii
iii
iii
NIP. 196550428 199303
iv iv
MOTTO
Learn to trust the journey, even when you do not understand it.
(The Researcher)
So do not weaken and do not grieve, and you will be superior if you are [true]
believers.
(QS. Ali Imran: 139)
Every great dream begins with a dreamer. Always remember, you have within you
the strength, the patience, and the passion to reach for the stars to change the
world.
(Harriet Tubman)
v
DEDICATION
This humble work is especially dedicated to:
My beloved father, Karmin.
My beloved mother, Jumini.
My lovely brothers Ananda Riski Nugraha.
My beloved grandfather, Sopawiro.
vi
ACKNOWLEDMENT
Assalamualaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh.
In the name of God Most Gracious, Most Merciful Peace and God
Blessing on you all.
Alhamdullilahirabilalamin, glory to God Most Highest, Full of Grace and
Mercy, the Sustainer of the world that because of His blessing and guidance, the
researcher is finally able to finish her research paper. Praise is also given to the
great messenger, peace be upon Him, glory person who gives His blessing to her
masses in the next day.
In accomplishing this research paper, the researcher gets much help and
guidance from others. Therefore, she would like to express her greatest gratitude
to the following people;
1. Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, the Dean of school of teacher training and
education of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta, for approving this
research paper,
2. Mauly Halwat Hikmat, Ph. D, as the head of English Department, who has
permitted her to write this research paper,
3. Dra. Siti Zuhryiah Aryatmi, M. Hum as the first consultant, the inspiring
lecturer who makes the researcher interested in pragmatics in teaching, and
who already guided and advised patiently in correcting this research paper.
More than millions of thanks and deeply sorry from the researcher’s heart for
her,
4. Hepy Adityarini, Ph. D as the second consultant who already gave a large of
help and motivation, guidance to improve on writing or about structure in this
research paper for her. More than millions of thanks and deeply sorry from the
researcher’s heart for her,
vii
5. All lecturers in English Department of Muhammadiyah University of
Surakarta who have given her knowledge, support and experience, thanks for
the useful knowledge and the wisdom,
6. Sahid Tourism Institute of Surakarta, for permitting her to collect the data in
there,
7. Hersuper beloved father, Karmin and her beloved and perfect mother Jumini,
thanks a lot for affection which never ending, praying, loving, motivating and
supporting me,
8. Her beloved brothers Ananda Riski Nugroho thank a lot for supporting,
motivating me,
9. Her adored grandfather, Sopawiro, who always gives her motivation and
suggestion for always grateful in life.
10. Her cherished boyfriend, Agung Setyo Purwanto, S.E who gives motivation,
support, and pray in her life,
11. Her beloved partners in doing this paper together Kharisma, Nova, and Arif
thank you so much for helping her, amazing regards for all the memory,
12. Her precious ‘Beauty Boarding House’ friends, Ulya, Chrismeina, Umi
Nurtyas, Astria, Febrika, Umi Sholihah, Jehan, Rika, Ulin, who always gives
pleasure, unity in the happiness or sadness, supporting her, amazing regards
for all the memory they have given.
13. Her dearest friends, Kharisma, Azizah, Latifah, Annisa, who always gives
pleasure, unity in the happiness or sadness, supporting her. There are no words
capable of expressing her happiness to have met you in life,
14. Her beloved Senior High School friend, Nofera Ayu, many thanks for the
friendship that we have so far,
15. Her meaningful friends of ‘Teater Sokle’,Mbak Lina, Mas Rudy, Mas Irawan,
Tanti, Digta, Pucu, Intan, Awang, Adi, and others who always giver her
motivation,
16.All of Muecers ,Aditya, Umi Salamah, Astria, Syilvia, Rezky, Adika, Rendra,
Ari, Mas Iqbal, Mbak Suci, Mas Ardita and others Muecers who cannot be
mentioned one by one, thankful for knowing you all and thank you for all
viii
motivation, knowledge, fun and challenge experience that never be forgotten
ever after.
17. All of the researcher’s friends in English Department 2012 Academic Year.
Thanks for this warm and meaningful friendship,
18. All of her families, friends and teachers that cannot be mentioned one by one,
who give support her a lot,
19. Last but not least, those who cannot be mentioned one by one, who have
supported her to finish writing the research paper and also to start her future.
The researcher realizes that this research paper is still far from
being perfect, so the researcher welcomes any constructive comment,
criticism, and suggestion from anyone. Finally, she hopes that this research
paper would help the other researchers who are interested in studying
pragmatics and enrich for the readers knowledge.
Waalamualaaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh.
Surakarta, February 10, 2017
Researcher
Ita Auliya Yusitasari
ix
TABLE OF CONTENT
COVER ......................................................................................................
i
TESTIMONY .............................................................................................
ii
APPROVAL ...............................................................................................
iii
ACCEPTANCE .........................................................................................
iv
MOTTO .....................................................................................................
v
DEDICATION ...........................................................................................
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .........................................................................
vii
TABLE OF CONTENT .............................................................................
x
LIST OF TABLE .......................................................................................
xiii
LIST OF CHART ........................................................................................
xiv
ABSTRACT ...............................................................................................
xv
ABSTRACT ................................................................................................
xvi
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION..............................................................
1
A. Background of the Study.................................................................
1
B. Limitation of the Study ...................................................................
2
C. Research Question ...........................................................................
2
D. Objective of the Study.....................................................................
3
E. Benefit of the Study .........................................................................
3
F. Research Paper Organization ...........................................................
3
CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW ................................................
4
A. Overview of Pragmatics ..................................................................
4
A.1. Principle of Pragmatics .........................................................
4
A.1.1 Deixis ...........................................................................
5
A.1.2. Presupposition .............................................................
5
A.1.3. Speech Act ..................................................................
6
A.2. Socio-pragmatics ...................................................................
7
A.3. Linguistic Types ....................................................................
8
A.3.1. Declarative Sentence ...................................................
8
x
A.3.2. Imperative Sentence ....................................................
8
A.3.3. Interrogative Sentence ................................................
8
A.3.4. Exclamatory Sentence .................................................
8
B. Directive ........................................................................................
9
B.1. Definition of Directive ..........................................................
9
B.2. Kinds of Directive .................................................................
9
B.2.1 Commanding ................................................................
9
B.2.2. Ordering ......................................................................
9
B.2.3. Requesting ...................................................................
10
B.2.4. Prohibiting ...................................................................
10
B.2.5. Suggestion ...................................................................
10
C. Politeness Strategies .......................................................................
10
C.1. Politeness...............................................................................
10
C.1.1. Positive Face ..............................................................
11
C.1.2. Negative Face .............................................................
12
C.2. Politeness Strategies ..............................................................
12
C.2.1. Independent Socio-Cultural Variable of FTA .............
12
C.2.2. Brown and Levinson Politeness Strategies .................
13
D. Context of Pragmatics .....................................................................
14
D.1. Participants ............................................................................
15
D.2. Setting ...................................................................................
15
D.3. Topic .....................................................................................
15
D.4. Channel .................................................................................
15
D.5. Code ......................................................................................
15
D.6. Message Form .......................................................................
16
D.7. Speech Event .........................................................................
16
D.8. The Purpose of the Event ......................................................
16
E. DCT (Discourse Completion Task) ...............................................
16
F. Teaching Pragmatics ......................................................................
17
G. Previous Study ................................................................................
18
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD .................................................
23
xi
A. Research Type .................................................................................
23
B. Setting..............................................................................................
23
C. Research Object ...............................................................................
24
D. Data and Data Source ......................................................................
24
E. Technique of Collecting Data ..........................................................
24
F. Technique of Analyzing Data ..........................................................
27
G. Trustworthiness ..............................................................................
28
CHAPTER IV DATA ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION OF FINDING
A. Finding ............................................................................................
30
30
1. The linguistic types used by the second semester students of
Sahid Tourism Institute of Surakarta 2015/ 2016 academic
year ...........................................................................................
30
2. Politeness Strategy used by students of Sahid Tourism
Institute of Surakarta2015/2016 academic year in expressing
directive utterances ..................................................................
56
B. Discussion of the findings ...............................................................
81
1. Research Question 1: What are the linguistic types of
directive utterance used by the second semester students of
Sahid Tourism Institute of Surakarta 2015/2016 academic
year? .........................................................................................
81
2. Research Question 2: What are the politeness strategies
used by the second semester students of Sahid Tourism
Institute of Surakarta 2015/2016 academic year in expressing
Directive utterances? ................................................................
82
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ............................
84
A. Conclusion ......................................................................................
84
B. Pedagogical Implication ..................................................................
86
C. Suggestion .......................................................................................
86
BIBLIOGRAPHY .....................................................................................
88
APPENDIX
xii
LIST OF TABLE
Table 1. Three social – cultural of FTA ......................................................
xiii
25
LIST OF CHART
Chart 1.1 Percentages of Linguistic TypesClose - Higher (DCT 1) ..............
32
Chart 1.2 Percentage of Linguistic TypesClose - Higher (DCT 2) ................
35
Chart 1.3 Percentage of Linguistic TypesClose - equal (DCT 3) ..................
38
Chart 1.4 Percentage of Linguistic TypesFamiliar Lower (DCT 4) ..............
41
Chart 1.5 Percentage of Linguistic Types Familiar - Higher (DCT 5) ..........
44
Chart 1.6 Percentage of Linguistic Types Familiar - Equal (DCT 6) ............
47
Chart 1.7 Percentage of Linguistic Types Unfamiliar - Lower (DCT 7) .......
49
Chart 1.8 Percentage of Linguistic Types Unfamiliar - Higher (DCT 8) ......
52
Chart 1.9 Percentage of Linguistic TypesUnfamiliar - Equal (DCT 9) .........
55
Chart 2.1 percentage of Politeness StrategyClose - Lower (DCT 1) .............
58
Chart 2.2 Percentage of Politeness StrategyClose - Lower (DCT 2) .............
61
Chart 2.3 Percentage of Politeness StrategyClose - Equal (DCT 3) ..............
64
Chart 2.4 Percentage of Politeness StrategyFamiliar - Lower (DCT 4) ........
66
Chart 2.5 Percentage of Politeness StrategyFamiliar - Higher (DCT 5) ........
69
Chart 2.6 Percentage of Politeness StrategyFamiliar - Equal (DCT 6)..........
72
Chart 2.7 Percentage of Politeness StrategyUnfamiliar - Lower (DCT 7) ....
75
Chart 2.8 Percentage of Politeness StrategyUnfamilar - Lower (DCT 8)......
77
Chart 2.9 Percentage of Politeness StrategyUnfamiliar - Equal (DCT 9)......
80
Chart 3.1 The Percentage of Appropriateness of Linguistic Types ...............
84
Chart 3.2 The Percentage of Inappropriate of Politeness Strategy ................
85
xiv
ABSTRAK
Ita Auliya Yusitasari. A 320 120 090. BENTUK STRATEGI SOPAN SANTUN
PADA UCAPAN PETUNJUK DIGUNAKAN OLEH mahasiswa di
UNIVERSITAS SAHID SURAKARTA: A PERSPEKTIF PRAGMATIK.
Skripsi. Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Muhammadiyah
Surakarta.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis kalimat dan strategi kesopanan
yang digunakan oleh mahasiswa semester II di Sekolah Tinggi Pariwisata Sahid
Surakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif, yang
meliputi lima belas siswa di semester kedua di Sekolah Tinggi Pariwisata Sahid
Surakarta. Pengambilan data menggunakan Discourse Completing Task (DCT).
Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan teori sentence types oleh Marcela Frank, dan
politeness strategy oleh Brown dan Levinson. Berdasarkan analisis tanggapan
tertulis siswa terhadap DCT, studi ini menemukan bahwa siswa mampu
menghasilkan 3 jenis kalimat: deklaratif, imperatif, dan kalimat interogatif.
Namun, penelitian ini juga menemukan sebagian kecil siswa yang menulis respon
yang tidak dapat diklasifikasikan ke dalam jenis kalimat. Dalam hal strategi
kesopanan, hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan siswa mampu menghasilkan 3 jenis
strategi kesantunan: bald on record, positive politeness, dan negative
politeness.Menariknya, penelitian ini juga menemukan sebagian kecil siswa yang
menulis respon yang tidak dapat diklasifikasikan ke dalam strategi kesantunan
apapun.
Kata kunci : jenis kalimat, strategi kesopanan.
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ABSTRACT
Ita Auliya Yusitasari. A 320 120 090. THE POLITENESS STRATEGY OF
DIRECTIVE UTTERANCES USED BY THE STUDENTS IN SAHID
TOURISM
INSTITUTE
OF
SURAKARTA:A
PRAGMATIC
PERSPECTIVE. Research Paper. Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
The current study is aimed to investigate the linguistic type and politeness strategy
used by the second semester students of Sahid Tourism Institute of Surakarta. The
study used descriptive qualitative research, which include fifteen students in
second semester at Sahid Tourism Institute of Surakarta. The data are collected by
using Discourse Completing Task (DCT). The data are analyzed by using the
theory of liguistic types by Marcela Frank, and politeness strategy by Brown and
Levinson. Based on the analysis of written responses to DCT, the study found that
the students were able to produce 3 types of linguistic: declaratives, imperatives,
and interrogatives. However, this study also found small percentage of students
who wrote inappropriate response that cannot be classified into any linguistic
types. In terms of politeness strategy, the result of this study indicated the students
were able to produce 3 types of politeness strategy: bald on record, positive
politeness, and negative politeness. Interestingly, this study also found small
percentage of students who wrote inappropriate response that cannot be classified
into any politeness strategy.
Keyword: linguistic types, politeness strategy.
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