21
depth dissolve
oxygen salinity
temperature brightness
pH 30.5
25.3 46.9
16.3 60.4
3.6 2.9
3.4 2.8
3.1 33.7
33.2 33.5
33.3 33.4
30.1 31.1
33.7 33.1
32.1 18.1
19.6 20.4
25.3 22.1
7.5 7.3
7.8 7.6
7.2
Criteria layer
Weighted Criteria layer
Land Suitability Map spline
interpolation
dfs et
we qw
df 1
4 7
9 dfs
et we
qw df
1 4
7 9
dfs et
we qw
df 1
4 7
9 dfs
et we
qw df
1 4
7 9
dfs et
we qw
df 1
4 7
9 dfs
et we
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Convert and edit field
N S2
S3 N
S3 N
S2 S3
N S3
N S2
S3 N
S3 N
S2 S3
N S3
N S2
S3 N
S3 N
S2 S3
N S3
Overlay process
1 60
40 80
60
Simple Additive Weighting
Threshold Criteria Convert to
polygon
N S2
S3 N
S3 N
S2 N
N S3
S3 N
S2 S3
S3 Simple Additive
Weighting Formula Minimum Threshold
Criteria Formula
Figure 3-3. Process for minimum threshold criteria and simple additive weighting
3.2.1 Minimum Threshold Criteria for Marine Suitability
The sixth phase weighting criteria layer in figure 3-3 will be divided into two methods. First, the process of marine evaluation used minimum threshold criteria
while the second used simple additive weighting. In first method, each physical
22 parameter is sequentially arranged in accordance to the marine evaluation that
needs to be quantified. Physical parameter data i.e depth, salinity, temperature, brightness, dissolved oxygen, and pH will be developed criteria table for a
specific use, hence this method used matching limiting factor of marine suitability.
Marine suitability classification involves matching of marine suitability with other physical parameters. The result of this match is signed as subclass of marine
suitability is marked by a specific threshold criterion. The threshold criteria is expression by the lowercase symbols after the symbol class
. Example, if
suitability class S1 is matched with suitability class S2 then the result will be S2s. S2s means that S2 is the result suitable class and the lower case s is parameter as
threshold criteria.
3.2.2 Simple Additive Weighting for Marine Suitability
This method is based on the concept of a weighted average. The decision maker directly assigns weights of “relative importance” to each attribute. A total score is
obtained for each alternative by multiplying the importance weight assigned for each attribute will be scaled value given to the alternative on attribute, and
summing the products over all attributes. When the overall scores are calculated for all the alternatives, the alternative with the highest score is chosen.
Figure 3-4. Classification of marine suitability using simple additive weighting
23 A map represents some evaluation criteria such as S1, S2, S3, and N class. These
ordinal values are used in marine suitability analysis, therefore the classes have to be rated, for example class S1 with respect to a particular criteria to contribute to
the goal. This process is relatively important and called criteria standardization. Commonly evaluation of criteria standardization is described normally on the
range of 0 to 1, or 0-10 or 0-100 etc. In certain evaluation of marine coastal suitability it can be represented by GIS layer and some non spatial data.
In describing levels of the criteria evaluation are required to the weights. In figure 3-3 the criteria weights need to be placed and summed, then the well-established
geometric mean method is used. In this approach all the elements of weight will be multiplied with score until the n
th
. The calculation of these map are divided by their sum to get the normal weights. The hierarchy of the criteria is obtained.
Standardized Criteria maps such as weights are multiplied with these scores at each level of the criteria.
Physical parameter data of depth, salinity, temperature, brightness, dissolve oxygen, and pH are given weighting and index score according to the
characteristics of groups of marine coastal suitability data table 2-1, then the data for weighting, index scoring and value of criteria will be multiplied, summed
up and divided by maximum percentage in amount of thematic data. The formula used is as follows:
Scoring average = weight of salinity + weight of depth + weight of brightness + weight of temperature + weight of
dissolved oxygen + weight of pH 100……………………..6 Pramono, 2004
3.3 Fuzzy Method Approach in Marine coastal Suitability
