Research Setting RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

A. Research Setting

This study took place at SMA Lazuardi Global Islamic School Depok. SMA Lazuardi Global Islamic School. It is an inclusive school which accommodates all students from all background regardless their social status, gender, faith, race even intelligence level. This school accepts not only ordinary students but also extraordinary students including those who are with special need especially those with autism. The study has been conducted for 5 semesters, starting from the second semester of academic year 2010-2011 until the first semester of academic year 2012-2013. This study used qualitative descriptive method. It is about exporing issues, understanding phenomena and answering questions by anayzing and making sense of unstructured data. 1 It includes literature reviews, recordings, videos, pictures, social media and web pages. This study is a type of educational research in which the researcher relies on the views of participants; asks broad, general questions; collects data consisting largely of words or text from participants; describes and analyzes these words for themes; and conducts the inquiry in a subjective, biased manner. 2 Meanwhile Shuttleworth explains that descriptive research design is a scientific method which involves observing and describing the behavior of a subject without influencing it in any way. In addition, Although some people dismiss descriptive research as `mere description, good description is fundamental to the research enterprise and it 1 QSR International Pty td 2014 2 Cresswell, W. John 2008 Educational Research: Planning, Conducting, and Evaluating and Qualitative Research Pearson Education Merill Prentice Hall, New Jersey,p. 501 44 has added immeasurably to our knowledge of the shape and nature of our society. Other source defines descriptive analysis refers to unpacking the content and nature of a particular phenomenon or theme. The main task is to display data in a way that is conceptually pure, makes distinctions that are meaningful and provides content that is illuminating. 3 There are three key steps involved: 1. Participants who were invoved in this study including the four students with autism EAT, IN, MB and TPW, the principal of SMA azuardi Globa Isamic School, the vice principal of curriculum affair, the students‟ parents, English teachers and orthopedagogs. 2. Detection in which the substantive content and dimensions of a phenomenon are identified. 3. Categorization, in which categories are refined and descriptive data assigned to them. 4. Classification in which groups of categories are assigned to classes usually at a higher level of abstraction. Detection involves looking within a theme, across all cases in the study and noting the range of perceptions, views, experiences or behaviors which have been labeled or tagged as part of that theme. Once this range has been noted, the analyst then sets out to sort and distil the key dimensions within the range, identifying broader, more refined categories which can both incorporate and discriminate between the different manifestations of the data. Data are then assigned to the new categories. Descriptive accounts may be based at this level of categorization, or the analyst may further refine the categories, identifying fewer classes by which to sort, encapsulate and present the data. 3 Ritchie J, Lewis J. 2003 Qualitative Research Practice A Guide forsocial Science Students and Researchers Sage Publications Ltd 6 Bonhill Street London EC2A4PU 45 Since it is a descriptive study, the writer described in detail how the students with autism participate in English learning activity and its process based on the instruction provided by the above sources. As a distinct form of descriptive design in this study typically displayed data of the students with autism given by the orthopedagogs and their activity in learning English in a way that is conceptually pure, makes distinctions such as simplifying the model of tests for certain students and the certain treatments given to certain students in regard with their social behaviors that are meaningful and provides content that is illuminating. In this study, the writer observed teaching and learning activities in which teachers and the students with autism of SMA Lazuardi Global Islamic School are involved. Afterwards, the researcher confirmed the object that had been designed by this school. Furthermore, in deciding the methodology of research the writer used the thought of Miles and Huberman 1994 that break down the analysis of qualitative study into three processes which are not sequential steps but which happens in the same time and happen over and over again. These three quick guides is organized into three processes including reducing data, displaying data and drawing and verifying conclusions.

B. Instruments