the next step is called as a primary process which involves complicated psychological reactions. In this process, id tries to decrease the tension
which is caused by the external world by imagining the object that can help the id decrease the tension it faces. In fact, that action is not
enough because the tension still exist. So, id needs another psychical apparatus that can help it as intermediary with the real external world,
which is called ego.
b. The Ego
Ego has central role in making interaction between individual internal world and external world; it performs its function based on
reality principle. Ego is ―I‖ which grew out of id in infancy and changed from the
source of an individual to communicate with the world outside.
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Because the ego grows out of id, ego becomes part of organized and appears to goal the purposes of id, not to disappoint id, and all power
comes from the id. Its main role is to mediate the needs instingual of the organism and the surrounding neighborhoods. The purpose which
is very important is preserving the lives of individuals and noticed that the species bred. The main difference between the id and ego are; id
only knows subjective reality-the soul, while the ego distinguishes between things that are contained in the mind and the things contained
in the outside world.
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Yustinus Semium OFM, Teori Kepribadian dan Terapi Psikoanalitik Freud. Yogyakarta: Kanisius. 2006, p. 61
The ego is said to follow the principles of reality and operate according to secondary process. Secondary process is the process
which the ego making plans to satisfy the needs and then test these plans. Usually through an act to see if this plan success or not. While
the goal of preventing the occurrence of the real voltage is to find an object that is suitable for satisfying needs.
c. The Super Ego
Super ego grows out of ego and it does not have energy from itself. However, the super ego is different with the ego-in-one important
thing, namely super-ego does not relate to the outside world and thus the demand for perfection is realistic. The functions of super ego are:
1. To inhibit the impulses of the id, particularly those of a sexual or
aggressive nature, since these are the impulses whose expression is most highly condemned by society
2. To persuade the ego to substitute moralistic goals for realistic ones,
and 3.
To strive for perfection.
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2. Psychosexual Development
