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Tantra Afianto, 2014 The representation of motivational values In pictures containing the issue of motivation On
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
STATEMENT OF AUTHORIZATION i
PREFACE ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS iii
ABSTRACT iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS v
LIST OF FIGURES vi
LIST OF TABLES vii
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Background of the study 1
1.2 Statement of problems 3
1.3 Aims of the study 3
1.4 Scope of the study 4
1.5 Research design 4
1.6 Organization of the paper 5
CHAPTER II THEORETICAL FRAMEWORKS 6
2.1 Communication as the basic issue of Semiotics 6
2.2 Models of Semiotics 8
2.2.1 Saussure’s Model 8
2.2.2 Pierce’s Model 10
2.3 Representation 12
2.4 Barthes’ Orders of signification 1972 14
2.4.1 Denotation 14
2.4.2 Connotation 15
2.4.3 Myth 16
2.5 Motives, Motivation, and Motivational Values 17
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Tantra Afianto, 2014 The representation of motivational values In pictures containing the issue of motivation On
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2.5.1 Motives 18
2.5.2 Motivation 22
2.5.3 Motivational Values 23
2.6 About Pinterest 24
2.7 Previous studies 26
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 28
3.1 Research method 28
3.2 Research procedures 29
3.2.1 Data collection 29
3.2.2 Data analysis 29
3.2.3 Data presentation 30
3.3 Clarification of key terms 31
CHAPTER IV FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION 33
4.1 The representation of motivational values from pictures containing issue of motivation in Pinterest
33 4.1.1 Motivational values in general context
34 4.1.2 Motivational values in the context of health
50 4.1.3 Motivational value in the context of sport
55 4.2 The myths underlying the representation of motivational values from pictures
containing issue of motivation on Pinterest website 57
4.3 Discussion 58
4.3.1 Motivational Values 58
4.3.2 The motives as the myths 61
CHAPTER V CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS 64
5.1 Conclusions 64
5.2 Suggestions 65
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Tantra Afianto, 2014 The representation of motivational values In pictures containing the issue of motivation On
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REFERENCES 66
APPENDICES 70
PICTURE 1: Don’t quit Do it 71
PICTURE 2: You can’t stop the waves but you can learn to surf 72
PICTURE 3: Never discourage anyone who makes continual progress, no matter how slow.
73 PICTURE 4: Believe in yourself Be you
74 PICTURE 5: Ships in harbour are safe, but that’s not what ships are built for.
75 PICTURE 6: The body is meant to be seen, not all covered up.
76 PICTURE 7: When you walk up to oppor
tunities door, don’t knock it.. kick that btch in, smile and introduce yourself
77 PICTURE 8: Dreams don’t work unless you do
78 PICTURE 9: Suffer the pain of discipline or suffer the pain of regret
79 PICTURE 10: Only those who dare to fail greatly, can achieve greatly.
80
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Tantra Afianto, 2014 The representation of motivational values In pictures containing the issue of motivation On
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 2.1. Jakobson’s model of communication 1960 adapted from Fiske 2002: 35
7 Figure 2.2. Saussure’s Model of Sign adapted from Chandler 2007
9 Figure 2.3. The picture of Marilyn Monroe as a sign taken from Pinterest.com
9 Figure 2.4. Example of analysis using Saussure’s 1983 signified and signifier 10
Figure 2.4. Pierce’s Model of Sign adapted from Chandler 2007 11
Figure 2.5. The analysis of the sign Marilyn Monroe u
sing Pierce’s model of semiotics 12
Figure 2.6. Orders of Signification adapted from Barthes 1972: 113 14
Figure 2.7. Motivational cycle adapted from Walgito 2010: 242 22
Figure 2.8. Pinterest site 25
Figure 2.9. The statistic illustration of Pinterest users in June 2013 25
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Tantra Afianto, 2014 The representation of motivational values In pictures containing the issue of motivation On
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LIST OF TABLES
Table 2.1. List of Confederation Cup and World Cup Winners from 1992 to 2013
17 Table 2.2. The list of motives taken from Murray 2009
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Tantra Afianto, 2014 The representation of motivational values In pictures containing the issue of motivation On
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THE REPRESENTATION OF MOTIVATIONAL VALUES IN PICTURES CONTAINING THE ISSUE OF MOTIVATION
ON PINTEREST WEBSITE Supervisor I: Dadang Sudana, M. A., Ph.D.
Supervisor II: Ripan Hermawan, S. S., M. A. ABSTRACT
This study investigates the representation of motivational values in pictures and the myths underlying the representations. The data are ten pictures containing the issue of
motivation retrieved from Pinterest website. This study is a qualitative research framed in Barthes’ orders of signification theory 1972. The theory is used to
discover the representation of motivational values while the theory of motives by Murray 2009 becomes the foundation in revealing the myths from the
representations. The result shows that there are three classifications of the representation of motivational values, namely the motivational values in general
context, the motivational values in the context of health, and the motivational values in the context of sport. Moreover, of the three motivational values, there are five
values: hard work, independence, total action, focus, and benefit of having opportunities. With regard to the myth, there are two motives, namely the motive of
achievement and the motive of counteraction. In addition, there are three elaborations in the motive of achievement: 1 to overcome obstacles, 2 to accomplish something
difficult, and 3 to master physical things. Furthermore, there are two elaborations in the motive of counteraction: to overcome weaknesses and to repress fear. This study
suggests that besides motivational speech of particular people, any texts including pictures can be served as motivation.
Key words: Representation, motives, motivational values, myths, Pinterest
Tantra Afianto, 2014 The representation of motivational values In pictures containing the issue of motivation On
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REPRESENTASI NILAI-NILAI MOTIVASI DALAM GAMBAR-GAMBAR YANG BERISIKAN ISU TENTANG
MOTIVASI DALAM SITUS JARINGAN PINTEREST Pembimbing I: Dadang Sudana, M. A., Ph.D.
Pembimbing II: Ripan Hermawan, S. S., M. A. ABSTRAK
Kajian ini menginvestigasi representasi nilai-nilai motivasi dalam gambar-gambar dan mitos-mitos yang mendasari representasi tersebut. Datanya merupakan sepuluh
gambar yang berisikan isu tentang motivasi yang diambil dari situs jaringan Pinterest. Kajian ini merupakan penilitian kualitatif yang terkerangka dalam teori tingkat
pemaknaan oleh Barthes 1972. Teori tersebut digunakan untuk mengetahui representasi nilai-nilai motivasi sedangkan teori motif Murray 2009 menjadi dasar
dalam mengungkap mitos-mitos dari representasi tersebut. Hasilnya menunjukan bahwa ada tiga klasifikasi representasi nilai-nilai motivasi, yaitu nilai-nilai motivasi
dalam konteks umum, nilai-nilai motivasi dalam konteks kesehatan, dan nilai-nilai motivasi dalam konteks olahraga. Lebih jauhnya lagi, dari ketiga nilai-nilai motivasi
tersebut, terdapat lima nilai: kerja keras, kemandirian, aksi total, fokus, dan manfaat memiliki kesempatan. Berkaitan dengan mitos, ada dua motif, yaitu motif prestasi
dan motif mengatasi kelemahan. Ditambah lagi, ada tiga penjelasan dalam motif prestasi: 1 untuk mengatasi rintangan, 2 untuk menyeleasikan sesuatu yang sulit,
dan 3 untuk menguasai hal-hal fisik. Selanjutnya, ada dua penjelasan mengenai motif mengatasi kelemahan: untuk mengatasi kelemahan dan untuk menekan rasa
takut. Kajian ini menyarankan bahwa di samping pidato motivasi dari orang-orang tertentu, teks apapun termasuk gambar dapat berperan sebagai motivasi.
Kata kunci: Representasi, motif, nilai-nilai motivasi, mitos, Pinterest
Tantra Afianto, 2014 The representation of motivational values In pictures containing the issue of motivation On
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CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
