Background of the Study

The writer is inspired from Fakhrurrazi thesis 2010 which conducts research to Acehnese young people in Langsa, the research result acquired is the Acehnese young people have the positive attitude towards their vernacular language through some contributions presented by some sides, such as parents, environments, neighbors, and the members of family at home domain. Suggestions recommended in Fakhrurrazi thesis can give the great contribution to the writer of this research if the writer finally finds out the result of this research is negative in which has potency to shift Pakpaknese ethnic language, by the recommendations given by Fakhrurrazi in his thesis can prevent or avoid Pakpaknese ethnic language from shift, whereas if the result of this research is positive, then it can strengthen the previous result of research in order to be able to preserve the language. The core for over all explanations above is Pakpaknese people having inter-marriage tend to use their couple’ language, namely Batak Toba language. In some occasions, the writer captures some moments in which the couple of inter-ethnic marriage namely Pakpaknese people with Batak Toba people even never use their ethnic language but use couple’s language all the time. Based on the conditions described above, the writer is interested in conducting her research relates to the language attitude of inter-ethnic marriage Pakpaknese people towards their own ethnic language in Sumbul Pegagan. The writer herself determines Sumbul Pegagan as the location of her research as Sumbul Pegagan shows the most phenomenons of inter-ethnic marriage Pakpaknese people among other locations in Kecamatan Sumbul. Besides that, Pakpaknese ethnic consisting of many sub-ethnics however the writer determines Pakpak Pegagan only as the subject of this research as in which the writer lives most dominated by Pakpak Pegagan among other sub-ethnics of Pakpaknese. In addition, the writer determines subject of her research as inter-ethnic marriage Pakpak people and Batak Toba people, Pakpak people and Simalungun are the most phenomenon found in the location of the research conducted.

1.2 Formulation of Problems

Based on the background of the study, the problems are formulated as the followings: 1 What are the language attitudes of inter-ethnic marriage Pakpaknese people toward their own ethnic language in Sumbul Pegagan? 2 How is the language attitude realization of inter-ethnic marriage Pakpaknese people towards their own ethnic language in Sumbul Pegagan? 3 Why do they hold the attitude such the way it is?

1.3 Objectives of the Study

In relation to the problems of the study, the objectives of this research are: 1 to elaborate the attitude of inter-ethnic marriage Pakpaknese people towards their ethnic language. 2 to describe attitude realization of inter-ethnic marriage Pakpaknese people towards their ethnic language. 3 to describe the reasons why the inter-ethnic marriage Pakpaknese people have the attitude just the way it is.

1.4 Scope of the Study

This study will focus on the occurrence of Pakpaknese language attitude; factors affect the language attitude of inter-ethnic marriage Pakpaknese people towards their ethnic language, the effect of language attitude among Pakpaknese speakers in Sumbul Pegagan. Sumbul Pegagan is a large area which consists of 15 sub-Districts with total of household is 14.578 households from the population are 38.290 people.

1.5 Significances of the Study

1 Findings of the study are expected to be useful and relevant theoretically and practically. 2 Theoretically, the findings of the study are expected to justify or to refuse theories of language attitude. The findings of this research are going to justify or refuse the theories relates with language attitude of people having inter-ethnic marriage where the phenomenon of inter-ethnic marriage will show whether it affects the other customs, culture and also language maintenance of someone having inter-ethnic marriage or doesn’t affect at all to customs, culture and especially to certain language maintenance. 3 In addition, the findings are expected to add more horizons in language planning issues can give contributions to governments in maintaining language through education curriculum such as language cultural learning at society environment. 4 Practically, the findings are expected to awaken awareness of Pakpaknese speakers in multilingual contexts. In addition, the findings are expected to be relevant and useful to language planners, language practitioners linguists and related institutions in efforts to maintain endangered languages by conducting programs through organization intending to give guidances to society the importance of maintaning the ethnic language as typical identity.

CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

5.1 Conclusion

The study concerned on the attitude of inter-ethnic marriage Pakpak people towards their ethnic language in Sumbul Pegagan. The aim of the study is to describe how the attitude of inter- ethnic Pakpaknese people towards their ethnic marriage. After deliberately analyzing the data, the conclusions are stated as follows: 1. The informants show negative attitude and negative attitude towards Pakpaknese ethnic language in Sumbul Pegagan. There are 56.25 informants show negative attitude and 43.75 informants show positive attitude. 2. The realization of negative attitude they have is by not having eagerness to keep using Pakpaknese ethnic language with their couple and children at home in their living state. However, they still use their own ethnic language at the certain domain namely when they come back and communicate with their family; father, mother, siblings, and cousins. 3. The negative attitude shown by informants is because the less frequency of Pakpaknese ethnic language use in their daily communication such as at home when communication with their couple and children. On the other word, they have the more frequency in using other language which is considered as the medium of communication making them easily accepted in their current environment and more easily ‘get in’ on their couples’ scope life. 83

5.2 Suggestions

In relation to the conclusion, the following are suggested: 1. It is suggested that inter-ethnic Pakpak people should have positive attitude towards their own ethnic language in themselves of every individual, by keep using Pakpaknese ethnic language in their daily communication not only when talking to their parents, siblings and cousins but also to their couple. In this case, it is expected inter-ethnic Pakpak can keep maintaining their ethnic language by equalizing their ethnic language and their couple’ language, this case can be realized by using Pakpakese ethnic language when attending Pakpaknese cultural ceremonies and communicating in Pakpaknese ethnic langauge, communicating in Pakpaknese ethnic language when meeting their Pakpakese big family. 2. 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