Research And Education System Of Fishing Technology In Indonesia
The JSPS ~rrlematbrsalseminar
Susrainable Fishhg Techftologyin &&I towads the 21'' Centwy
RESEARCH AND EDUCATION SYSTEM OF FISHING TECHNOLOGY
IN INDONESIA
Daniel R. ~onintja*
Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science
Bogor Agricultural University, INDONESIA
The Indonesian Archipelago Nation is composed by 17,508 islands scattering in a vast water area of about 5.8 x lo6
square km. The marine water area is estimated to have a potential maximum sustainable yield of 6.2 million metric tons, and
yet has not been optimally utilized.
Starting with a poor statistic record in 1960,the total national fisheries produdion was reported only about 756,765
metric tons, 410,043 tons of it was from marine mpture fisheries. In 1997 the yield were i n d to 4,579,766 ton, where
the marine capture fisheries contribution was 3,612,961 tons. The fisheries higher education in Indonesia was started in
1960 as indicated by the opening of a Department of Marine Fisheries at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine in Bogor.
enrolled by 25 students. By now, there are already 16 state universities and 29 private universities offering the fisheries
cumculum.
It is assumed that proper research activities on fishing technology was just started in 1970's where the graduates of
fisheries higher education started pIaying significant role in Indonesian fisheries institutions. The development of trawl
fisheries, purse seine, trammel nets, longline perhaps could be claimed as the p d u a of the development research &ivities.
Most research activities were carried out by the Marine Fisheries Research Institute at Jakarta, Fishing Development
Institute at Semamg, and the universities, such as the Bogor Agricultural University in West Java, Diponegom University in
Central Java, Brawijaya University in East Java, Riau University in the Province of Riiu, Hasanuddin Univemity in S u t h
Sulawesi, Sam Ratulangi University in North Sulawesi, Pattimura University in Maluku, Jambung Mangkurat University in
South Kalirnantan and others. Action researches are often sponsored by the Directorate General of Fisheries, contracted to
the universities, private consultants or study centres.
The current development of Graduate Programs for Master and Doctoral degree and their research activities in the
universities are reviewed, emphasizing the program offered by Bogor Agricultural University.
It is worth mentioning the role of co-operation between the Tokyo University of Fisheries and the Bogor Agriarltural
University on the fishing technology research and education development. The needs for further national and regional cooperation &tween the fishing technologists are discussed.
Inlroductioo
As an archipelagic nation, Indonesia is c o m m d by
five major islands, i.e. Sumatera, Java, Kalimantan,
Sulawesi and lrian Jaya, and more than 17.500 small
islands, spread along a vast area of h u t 7,000,000 square
krn. A total area of 5,g00,000 square km is estimated as
under the Indonesian jurisdiction, cclmposd by Territorial
Waters, Archiptlagic Waters and Eoonomic Exclusive Zone
waters (hble 1).
Table 1. lndonsian Waters
Water Catqgory
Territorial Waters
Archipelagic Waters
EEZ Wattrs
Open Waters
Source: Diroclpretc General of F
1
I
M c s 1995
The country is situated within the Iongitude of 90" E to
140" E and latitude of P N to 5 O S, with and east-spread of 5,100 krn and north-south spread of 1,800 km.
The coastline of the hlands is estimated to be 82,600 km in
total. The total population of the country is &mated at
h u t 200 million in 1947. Among tho%, 2,087,803 are
fishers.
Tbe I d ~ i a fai b r i e s
The Indonesian fisheries activitia can be traced back to
1960 since the national statistic m r d was officially
Waterarea
0.3 x 10' ~ m ' provided. The total hhcrics produdon that ycar was
2.8 x lo6~ m * reporttd only ai about 756,765 mettic ton$ and 410,W
ton out of it was fbrn marine apture hhcriwr (Table 2).
2.7 x 1@ ~m'
The landings from marine fishing s h e c t o r were
14 x lo6ICm2
i n d to 3,612,961 metric tons in 1997, which is abut
Email : danipb@indo.net.id
KEYWORDS : Indonesia, Fishing Technology, R ~ h l E d u c a t i o nSystem, Catch Statistics, Gear t
yp
Susrainable Fishhg Techftologyin &&I towads the 21'' Centwy
RESEARCH AND EDUCATION SYSTEM OF FISHING TECHNOLOGY
IN INDONESIA
Daniel R. ~onintja*
Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science
Bogor Agricultural University, INDONESIA
The Indonesian Archipelago Nation is composed by 17,508 islands scattering in a vast water area of about 5.8 x lo6
square km. The marine water area is estimated to have a potential maximum sustainable yield of 6.2 million metric tons, and
yet has not been optimally utilized.
Starting with a poor statistic record in 1960,the total national fisheries produdion was reported only about 756,765
metric tons, 410,043 tons of it was from marine mpture fisheries. In 1997 the yield were i n d to 4,579,766 ton, where
the marine capture fisheries contribution was 3,612,961 tons. The fisheries higher education in Indonesia was started in
1960 as indicated by the opening of a Department of Marine Fisheries at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine in Bogor.
enrolled by 25 students. By now, there are already 16 state universities and 29 private universities offering the fisheries
cumculum.
It is assumed that proper research activities on fishing technology was just started in 1970's where the graduates of
fisheries higher education started pIaying significant role in Indonesian fisheries institutions. The development of trawl
fisheries, purse seine, trammel nets, longline perhaps could be claimed as the p d u a of the development research &ivities.
Most research activities were carried out by the Marine Fisheries Research Institute at Jakarta, Fishing Development
Institute at Semamg, and the universities, such as the Bogor Agricultural University in West Java, Diponegom University in
Central Java, Brawijaya University in East Java, Riau University in the Province of Riiu, Hasanuddin Univemity in S u t h
Sulawesi, Sam Ratulangi University in North Sulawesi, Pattimura University in Maluku, Jambung Mangkurat University in
South Kalirnantan and others. Action researches are often sponsored by the Directorate General of Fisheries, contracted to
the universities, private consultants or study centres.
The current development of Graduate Programs for Master and Doctoral degree and their research activities in the
universities are reviewed, emphasizing the program offered by Bogor Agricultural University.
It is worth mentioning the role of co-operation between the Tokyo University of Fisheries and the Bogor Agriarltural
University on the fishing technology research and education development. The needs for further national and regional cooperation &tween the fishing technologists are discussed.
Inlroductioo
As an archipelagic nation, Indonesia is c o m m d by
five major islands, i.e. Sumatera, Java, Kalimantan,
Sulawesi and lrian Jaya, and more than 17.500 small
islands, spread along a vast area of h u t 7,000,000 square
krn. A total area of 5,g00,000 square km is estimated as
under the Indonesian jurisdiction, cclmposd by Territorial
Waters, Archiptlagic Waters and Eoonomic Exclusive Zone
waters (hble 1).
Table 1. lndonsian Waters
Water Catqgory
Territorial Waters
Archipelagic Waters
EEZ Wattrs
Open Waters
Source: Diroclpretc General of F
1
I
M c s 1995
The country is situated within the Iongitude of 90" E to
140" E and latitude of P N to 5 O S, with and east-spread of 5,100 krn and north-south spread of 1,800 km.
The coastline of the hlands is estimated to be 82,600 km in
total. The total population of the country is &mated at
h u t 200 million in 1947. Among tho%, 2,087,803 are
fishers.
Tbe I d ~ i a fai b r i e s
The Indonesian fisheries activitia can be traced back to
1960 since the national statistic m r d was officially
Waterarea
0.3 x 10' ~ m ' provided. The total hhcrics produdon that ycar was
2.8 x lo6~ m * reporttd only ai about 756,765 mettic ton$ and 410,W
ton out of it was fbrn marine apture hhcriwr (Table 2).
2.7 x 1@ ~m'
The landings from marine fishing s h e c t o r were
14 x lo6ICm2
i n d to 3,612,961 metric tons in 1997, which is abut
Email : danipb@indo.net.id
KEYWORDS : Indonesia, Fishing Technology, R ~ h l E d u c a t i o nSystem, Catch Statistics, Gear t
yp