28 checklists, field notes, questionnaires, interviews
, students’ written texts, and students’ reflection sheets.
1. Observation Sheets
The observation sheets helped the researcher and observers to observe the
researcher’s and students’ activities in the English teaching learning process in
classroom. According to Best and Khan 1986, observation sheet provides list of statements that are observed during the English teaching learning process.
Observation sheets were also done by co- observers who helped the researcher to obtain the information Elliot, 1991. In this study, there were two co- observers
who are two English Language Education Study Program Sanata Dharma University students.
2. Field Notes
The result of the field notes is used to support the data resulted from the observation checklist. The field notes helped the researcher reflect the
implementation of classroom action research. Moreover, it helped the researcher implement the next implementation better. Those statements are supported by
Fraenkel and Wallen 2008
who states “In educational research, this usually
means the detailed notes researchers take in the educational setting a classroom or a
school as they observe what is going on …” p. 506. Therefore, the researcher and the English teacher wrote the students’ activities and conditions
during the English teaching learning process.
29
3. Questionnaires
A questionnaire is a quick and simple way to obtain rich information about aspects of classroom and teaching method Hopkins, 2008. In this study, the
researcher distributed the questionnaires to all students of class X Accountancy 2 in the preliminary study and in the end of each cycle of games implementation.
The purpose of the questionnaire was to obtain information from the students themselves whether games helped them improve their writing skill in composing
an informal memo and an informal invitation letter. The researcher employed two types of item responses mentioned by Burns 1999, namely close-ended items
and open- ended items. In the preliminary study, there were thirteen numbers of close- ended items and three numbers of open-ended items. In the end of each
cycle, there wereeleven numbers of close- ended items and five numbers of open- ended items.
4. Interviews
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