After the first and second problems were answered, the writer tried to answer the third question. The writer had different way to answer the third
question, because the writer answer it by making conclusion and some message from the main characters based on the writer’s point of view. After the analysis
part had been done, finally the writer drew conclusion. In making conclusion, the writer concluded all of the analysis; starting from how the main characters - Ama,
Popo, and Di-Gou, are described in the story, what the conflicts founded in the drama, and lastly the messages revealed through the main characters’
characterization and their conflicts. This study uses theories of character, characterization, conflict and
message in literary work. The theories of character were taken from Abrams’ A Glossary of Literary Terms 1981 and Holman’s A Hand Book to Literature
1986. The theories of characterization were taken from Murphy’s Understanding Unseens 1972, Perrine’s Literature: Structure, Sound, and Sense
1974, and Little’s Approach to Literature 1981. The theories of message in literary work were taken from Beaty and Hunter’s New Worlds of Literature
1989. In addition, this study also refers to Rohrberger and Woods’ Reading and
Writing about Literature 1971 and Guerin’s A Handbook of Critical Approaches to Literature 1999 regarding formalistic approach employed in this study,
Dryden’s Selected Criticism 1970, Moody’s books Literary Appreciation 1968 and The Teaching of Literature with Special Reference 1971 regarding the
nature and functions of literature. Wellek and Warren’s Theory of Literature 1956 is used as a reference for both formalistic approach and literature.
CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS
This chapter attempts to answer the problems formulated in the first chapter. This chapter is divided into three parts. The first thing to do is to answer
the first problem which discusses the characterization of the main characters, Ama, Popo, and Di-Gou. Then second part discusses conflicts faced by the main
characters in relation to their characteristics. Lastly, the third part identifies the messages revealed through the conflicts.
A. The Characterization of Ama
Ama is one of the main characters in this drama. This section discusses the characterization of Ama both from the act 1 and act 2. This part is divided into
three sub-sections based on the characteristics possessed by Ama.
1. Stubborness
Ama is described as a stubborn person. Stubborn means “imply fixity of purpose or condition and resistance to change”, as defined by Hornby 1995: 620-
621. Her stubborness is described through her past life, speech, thoughts, mannerism, and reactions to the situation around her, which will be discussed in
detail below. To analyse a character in the play, we can see himher through hisher
personal description. Ama’s characteristics in this part will concentrate on her personal description, mannerism, speech, other characters’ opinion, and reaction.
25
In this context, the main character’s speeches can be the clues that can be used to analyze the characteristic of the main character. Ama is around 72 years old and
stubborn person, and this story shows the evidence about the characteristics of Ama that says:
AMA: Outside POPO: This is his house.
AMA: All heart must join as one- POPO: He may eat inside
AMA: -only then, miracles can take place. Act 1, p. 192.
By seeing the example above, we can perfectly know that the
characteristic of Ama here is stubborn. She disagrees that Wilbur, her Son in law, has to eat inside, although in fact that is actually Wilbur’s house. From the next
conversation between Ama and Popo we know that just because Wilbur does not like family devotions and comes from Japanese family, Ama tells Popo that
Wilbur has to eat outside. Although Popo has already explained about the background of Wilbur, Ama still disagrees. No matter how reasonable explanation
from Popo, Ama still dislikes Wilbur. The stubborn characteristic from Ama is shown again in the conversation
below still between her and her sister, Popo, when they are trying to gather some chicken on the tennis court.
AMA: When he kills Chickie, then he laugh [They both grab the chicken; JOANNE enters, sees them.]
JOANNES: Hi, Mom, Auntie. Who cleaned up the chicken? AMA: Huh? This is not Chickie?
POPO: [To
Ama
] Tell you things, you never listen. Gong-gong-ah [Idiot] Act 1, p. 194.
Popo has already explained to Ama that the lone burnt chicken on the tennis court is not Chickie, but Ama is very sure it is Chickie, and she believes
Chickie killed by Wilbur. Ama shows his hatred toward Wilbur and continues to accuse him. She is still debating with Popo right until Joanne shows up and
explains to them that the chicken is not Chickie. Even Popo as her sister admits that she never listen to other. Popo absolutely knows her sister’s personality. She
knows that Ama does not want to listen to other people saying. She believe too much in her own opinion. What is in her mind is the most right thing for her, no
matter how hard people try to convince her.
2. Fanatic
Besides being stubborn, Ama is also a fanatic about her religion. Her families are all Christians, but one to another in the member of family has
different ways in trusting God. One of the examples that Ama is fanatic is shown in the conversation below.
AMA: Do-Gou, thirty year have pass. Do you still love God? DI-GOU: Thirty-three.
AMA: Ah? POPO: 1949 to 1982. Thirty-three. He is correct.
AMA: Oh. But you do still love God? Like before? Act 1, p. 204.
The characteristic that Ama has here is fanatic about her religion. She has not seen Di-Gou, her brother, for thirty three years. Popo also realizes that.
Despite asking about her brother’s condition or life during all the time that has passed, the first question that Ama asks to him is about whether he still loves God
like he did or not.
The question that Ama asks to her brother shows that for her, religion is everything and is more important than anything else. She is curious if her brother
still has his belief in God. It is the priority rather than other things. Even his brother’s life does not matter for her. She does not ask his family in China or
other things that should be logically asked when we meet someone for the first time after long time never seen each other.
3. Dominant
Not only a Christian martinet, Ama is also a martriarch. It means that she is not only a good and obedient Christian but also a leader in the family,
especially in the religious aspect. Her character in this play is described as a dominant woman. Dominant here relates to the term authority. Ama is a dominant
woman who has an authority to control over her family. Her dominant character is seen almost in every part of her converstaions. One of example that proves her
dominant character is when she commands others member of family to see and meet Digou no matter what they bussiness are. In page 198, act 1, Chester said
that he cannot stay because he has to finish packing before he leaves tommorow. Nevertheless, Ama tells him that he must stay in order to see Di-Gou. She does
not care about her grandson’s businness. She just wants him to listen to her command.
Ama’s dominant character is also shown when she leads the Family Devotion. In the quoatation below, Ama shows her dominant character by forcing
other family members to give their testimony.
