Figure 2.1: Cyclical of Action Research Model by Kemmis and McTaggart
In one cycle, there are four steps; planning, acting, observing and reflecting. In this research the researcher planned to use two cycles. It means that if first cycle
not give any significant improvement, so the second cycle will revise the problem that hasn‟t been solved in the first cycle.
2.3 Theoretical Framework
This study is conducted as an effort to i mprove the students‟ skill in writing
recount text. The research method that was used in this study was a classroom action research method with two cycles. There were four steps in each cycles, they
were planning, acting, observing, and reflecting. The subject of this study is 38 students of VIII D Class in SMP N 4 Batang. The technique used in this study was
Peer Review.
The instruments of this study were questionnaires, observation sheet, and a series of writing tests. The writing tests were conducted in the pre cycle test, first
cycle, and second cycle. Writing test in pre cycle test was given at the first meeting to
find out the students‟ competence in writing recount text. Writing test in cycle I was given at the end of cycle I to find out
the students‟ progress in writing recount text using peer review. Writing test in cycle II was given at the
end of cycle II as a post test to measure the students‟ improvement. The researcher
analyzed the tests to know the significant improvement in writing recount text after using peer review technique. The researcher used observation sheet to know
the students‟ participation during the treatment as given, also gave the students questionnaire to know the students‟ opinion towards peer review technique. The
framework of the present study can be seen in the following scheme:
2.2 The Scheme of Theoretical Framework
Cycle I Classroom Action Research
Cycle II
Planning Acting
Observing Reflecting
Post Test Writing Recount
Text Peer Review
conducted as an
the students‟
Planning Acting
Observing Reflecting
Pre Test
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CHAPTER III METHODS OF INVESTIGATION
This chapter provides methods of investigation that consists of research design, subject of the study, instruments for collecting the data, methods of collecting the
data, and methods of analyzing the data. The descriptions of them are presented below:
3.1 Research Design
