Research Design RESEARCH METHOD

C. Research Subjects

Subjects of this research were the grade VIII students of MTs N Ngemplak in the academic year of 20142015. The researcher took one class as the sample of the population, which was VIII B class. The class consists of 34 students.

D. Research Participants

This research involved some participants. The researcher herself acted as the practitioner who conducted the research. The English teacher was the collaborator of the researcher who gave feedback and comments at the end of the implementation. The students of VIII B class of MTs N Ngemplak were the targets of the research.

E. Data Collection

The researcher collected data through observation, interview and test. The observation was done when teaching-learning process was running. The observation was conducted to gain information about the class situation, students, media, methods used by the teacher and to know whether the objectives of the teaching-learning were achieved or not. The researcher also conducted interview with the English teacher and the students. This was to dig further information personally about the English teaching-learning process. And the last data collection technique was testing. The preliminary activity conducted to know the English speaking skill of the students was pre-test. It was conducted before the cycle 1 was implemented. And the last was post- test which was aimed to find out whether the method that the researcher proposed improved the students’ speaking skills or not. At the end, the results of both pre- and post-test would be compared.

1. Types of Data

This research resulted two types of data; qualitative and quantitative data. The qualitative data was in the form of field notes and interview transcripts which were collected through observation and interview. The quantitative data was collected through test. At the end of the research, the scores gained from the pre-test were compared with the post-test scores.

2. Techniques

The researcher collected the data through observation, interview, and test. The observation was conducted since the beginning of the research and during the action. The first observation was conducted when English teaching and learning process was done by the English teacher. It was conducted to find the problems and to dig further information about the English teaching and learning process. The later interviews were conducted at the end of cycle 1 and cycle 2. Interviews were conducted with the English teacher and the students of VIII B class. To gain students’ scores, the researcher conducted a pre- and a post-test.

3. Instruments

Instrument is a device to get the data. For doing this research, the researcher needed the instruments that were used to collect the data. In this research, the researcher used five instruments, as follow: a. Observation Checklist Observation checklist is used to obtain the data based on the observation in the process of teaching and learning speaking. There was a list which consisted of the statement about teaching learning process, teaching materials, media, and approaches used in teaching and learning process. b. Interview Guidelines The researcher interviewed the English teacher and the students to get some information related to English teaching and learning process, specifically English speaking activities. The researcher asked about the problems related to teaching and learning speaking, media and the teaching method used in the classroom. c. Speaking Rubrics The speaking rubrics contain scores of students’ speaking performances. The scores were gained through a pre- and a post-test. At the end, the scores were accumulated and showed the result whether the communicative games improve students’ speaking skills or not. d. Audio recorder Audio recorder was used to record the interview. The recorded interview was transcribed into written form and was attached to be reported in the thesis as the proof that the interview was done. The interview transcription made data collection easier. e. Camera Camera is one of the important instruments used in this research. It was used to capture and document the teaching and learning process.