ANALYSIS OF MIDAQ ALLEY ANALYSIS OF SEASON OF MIGRATION TO THE NORTH

viii

CHAPTER 4: ANALYSIS OF MIDAQ ALLEY

4.1 PRELIMINARY DATA 4.1.1 TITLE 4.1.2 METATEXT 4.1.3 TYPOGRAPHY 4.1.4 OBSERVATIONS AND COMMENTS 4.2 MACROSTRUCTURES 4.2.1 SETTING AND COMPOSITION 4.2.2 SYNOPSIS OF THE NOVEL 4.2.3 THEMES 4.2.4 CHARACTERS 4.2.5 FIELD 4.2.6 MODE 4.2.7 TENOR 4.3 MICROSTRUCTURES 4.3.1 COHESION 4.3.1.1 REFERENCE 4.3.1.1.1 PERSONAL REFERENCE 4.3.1.1.2 DEMONSTRATIVE REFERENCE 4.3.1.1.3 COMPARATIVE REFERENCE 4.3.1.2 SUBSTITUTION 4.3.1.2.1 NOMINAL SUBSTITUTION 4.3.1.2.2 VERBAL SUBSTITUTION 4.3.1.2.3 CLAUSAL SUBSTITUTION 4.3.1.3 ELLIPSIS 4.3.1.3.1 NOMINAL ELLIPSIS 142 142 144 146 147 148 148 151 152 164 166 170 170 173 173 174 174 183 190 192 192 194 196 198 198 ix 4.3.1.3.2 VERBAL ELLIPSIS 4.3.1.3.3 CLAUSAL ELLIPSIS 4.3.1.4 CONJUNCTIONS 4.3.1.4.1 ADDITIVE CONJUNCTIONS 4.3.1.4.2 ADVERSATIVE CONJUNCTIONS 4.3.1.4.3 CAUSAL CONJUNCTIONS 4.3.1.4.4 TEMPORAL CONJUNCTIONS 4.3.1.4.5 CONTINUATIVE CONJUNCTIONS 4.3.1.5 LEXICAL COHESION 4.3.1.5.1 REITERATION 4.3.1.5.2 COLLOCATION 4.3.2 MODAL MARKERS 4.3.2.1 PROBABILITY 4.3.2.2 OBLIGATORINESS 4.3.2.3 WILLINGNESS 4.3.2.4 USUALITY 4.3.3 VOICES 4.3.4 WORDS AND TRANSLATABILITY 4.4 SYSTEMIC CONTEXT 4.4.1 COMPARISON OF MACROSTRUCTURES AND MICROSTRUCTURES 4.4.2 INTERTEXTUAL RELATIONS 4.4.3 INTERSYSTEMIC RELATIONS 4.4.4 OBSERVATIONS AND COMMENTS 202 203 204 204 206 208 209 210 212 212 213 215 215 216 219 221 223 229 231 231 233 234 235 x

CHAPTER 5: ANALYSIS OF SEASON OF MIGRATION TO THE NORTH

5.1 PRELIMINARY DATA 5.1.1 TITLE 5.1.2 METATEXT 5.1.3 TYPOGRAPHY 5.1.4 OBSERVATIONS AND COMMENTS 5.2 MACROSTRUCTURES 5.2.1 SETTING AND COMPOSITION 5.2.2 SYNOPSIS OF THE NOVEL 5.2.3 THEMES 5.2.4 CHARACTERS 5.2.5 FIELD 5.2.6 MODE 5.2.7 TENOR 5.3 MICROSTRUCTURES 5.3.1 COHESION 5.3.1.1 REFERENCE 5.3.1.1 PERSONAL REFERENCE 5.3.1.1.2 DEMONSTRATIVE REFERENCE 5.3.1.1.3 COMPARATIVE REFERENCE 5.3.1.2 SUBSTITUTION 5.3.1.1.1 NOMINAL SUBSTITUTION 5.3.1.1.2 VERBAL SUBSTITUTION 5.3.1.2.3 CLAUSAL SUBSTITUTION 5.3.1.3 ELLIPSIS 5.3.1.3.1 NOMINAL ELLIPSIS 236 236 236 238 239 240 240 242 243 245 247 251 252 254 255 255 255 267 272 274 274 276 277 278 278 xi 5.3.1.3.2 VERBAL ELLIPSIS 5.3.1.3.3 CLAUSAL ELLIPSIS 5.3.1.4 CONJUNCTIONS 5.3.1.4.1 ADDITIVE CONJUNCTIONS 5.3.1.4.2 ADVERSATIVE CONJUNCTIONS 5.3.1.4.3 CAUSAL CONJUNCTIONS 5.3.1.4.4 TEMPORAL CONJUNCTIONS 5.3.1.4.5 CONTINUATIVE CONJUNCTIONS 5.3.1.5 LEXICAL COHESION 5.3.1.5.1 REITERATION 5.3.1.5.2 COLLOCATION 5.3.2 MODALITY MARKERS 5.3.2.1 PROBABILITY 5.3.2.2 OBLIGATORINESS 5.3.2.3 WILLINGNESS 5.3.2.4 USUALITY 5.3.3 VOICES 5.3.4 WORDS AND TRANSLATABILITY 5.4 SYSTEMIC CONTEXT 5.4.1 COMPARISON BETWEEN THE MACROSTRUCTURES AND MICROSTRUCTURES 5.4.2 INTERTEXTUAL RELATIONS 5.4.3 INTERSYSTEMIC RELATIONS 5.4.4 OBSERVATIONS AND COMMENTS 280 280 281 282 283 285 286 288 289 289 290 292 292 293 295 297 299 304 306 307 308 309 310 xii

CHAPTER 6: CONCLUSION