19 Theory of human development was used as the support in analyzing the
duty of human beings in their existence. This theory was used because the writer believed that the theory of existentialism has some lacks in explaining the duty of
human beings. By employing the theory of human development, the writer had more supports in analyzing the poems.
The theory of symbols was used because the aim of this study was to reveal the meanings of the “pants” in “Pants 1”, “Pants 2” and “Pants 3” written
by Joko Pinurbo. The “pants” here was used as a symbol in those three poems. Thus, the writer employed the theory of symbols, which was proposed by Reaske
1974. The writer also employed the theory of symbols, which was proposed by Perrin 1974 in order to limit the context of interpretations. At the end, the steps
above led to the meanings of the “pants”.
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CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY
This chapter is divided into three parts. They are object of the study, the approach of the study and the method of the study. In the object of the study, the
writer discusses about the objects of the study. The approach of the study deals with the approach, which is used in the study. The method explains about the
procedures and steps that are used in this study.
3.1 Object of the Study
The objects of this study are the three poems, which are written by Joko Pinurbo. Joko Pinurbo is a poet who has published many anthologies. His first
anthology entitled “Celana”. This anthology later received an award from Lontar Foundation in 2002. In the same year, this anthology was translated into English.
They are “Pants 1”, “Pants 2” and “Pants 3”. These poems are chosen because they bring the symbol of pants inside them.
The first poem, “Pants 1” was written in 1996. The original title of this poem is “Celana 1”. It was also included into Anthology, which entitled “Celana”
which won Lontar Award in 2002 and was translated by Linda Owens into English. It has 5 stanzas and 22 lines. It has no certain rhyme in this poem, but it
is told in narrative ways. The poem is about the man who looks for the right and proper pants.
