showing almost sympathy, bad-tempered, self-pity, childish, unreasonable, poses of angry are presented obviously in psychopath. However, there is lack
of deep feelings such as mature, wholehearted anger, consistent wrath, truthful, sorrow, maintain of pride, deep joyfulness, and despair Cleckley,
1988: 348. The eleventh characteristic shows specific loss of insight. The
psychopath is absolutely more horrible in insight than some schizophrenic patients. He has no ability to observe himself as the others observe him. He is
not able to know how others feel about him Cleckley, 1988: 350. The twelfth characteristic is unresponsive in general interpersonal
relations. It is stated by Cleckley that psychopath is incompetent to show ordinary responsiveness to kindness or trust from others. It does not matter
how kind he is treated by his family, friends, police, or hospital attendants, he is incapable to show any consistent reaction to appreciate those kindness
1988: 354. The thirteenth characteristic of psychopath is fantastic and uninviting
behavior with drink and sometimes without. The primary point on psychopath‟s drinking is found in the shocking, the fantastic, uninviting, or
relatively inexplicable attitude which reveals only when he drinks, although only a little 1988: 356.
The fourteenth characteristic is showing that suicide rarely carried out. It is seldom to find out that psychopath who is superficial self-content, ease,
charm, and brilliant is inclined to reach the final end in suicide 1988: 358.
Besides that, psychopath also shows another characteristic fifteenth in sex life which is impersonal, trivial, and poorly integrated. Their sexual
lives reveal unconventional, other deviations such as homosexuality, but this is not regarded as an important characteristic 1988: 359.
The last characteristic sixteenth is that he fails to follow any life plan. He shows inability to follow any life plan frequently, no matter it is good or
evil, he also has no effort to reach any goal Cleckley, 1988:364. In
Maladaptive Behavior: An Introduction to Abnormal Psychology
, Lahey and Ciminero also characterize psychopath into thirteen ways. They are
violation of social conventions breaking the rules of home, job, or school, and law; violent aggressive behavior which provoke criminal acts of violence
and vandalism; dishonest their lies are often skillful and elaborate in order to avoid punishment; irresponsible; absence of guilt; impulsive inability to
resist frustrations; fail to learn from punishment; stimulation seeking they appear to seek any thrills and excitement; intelligent; underachieving;
socially deviant they cannot endure long term relationship; sexual unconventional; and abusive of drugs and alcohol 1980: 318-322.
3. Theory of Psychoanalysis
Freud‟s basic concept of personality theory in levels of mental life which is stated in
Theories of Personality
by Jess Feist and Gregory J. Feist, is to focus on an analysis of the unconscious mind that makes people to be
motivated in which they are not aware of Feist, 2006: 23. It consists of all drives, urges, or instincts which motivates most of our words, feelings, and
actions Feist, 2006: 24. The unconscious mind does not exist in the conscious mind. Hence, the existence of the unconscious mind is found
indirectly Feist, 2006: 24. Freud explains
that the unconscious is “the part of the mind beyond conciousness which nevertheless has a strong influence upon our actions
” Barry, 2002: 96. This unconcious mind has connection with what Freud calls
repression which includes “the forgetting or ignoring of unresolved conflicts, unadmitted desires, or traumatic past events”, that is lifted up out of
conciousness Barry, 2002: 96-97. The repressed feelings might multiply and grow extensively driving away from the consciousness in result they will
come back through the unconsciousness. Hidden away from the influence of consciousness, and an idea can
grow more profusely. It actively „proliferates in the dark‟ ibid: 148 as Freud puts it.
This being the case there is always likely to be „
a return of the repressed
‟ ibid: 154 Easthope, 1999: 32. For example, Freud mentions in a case of a medieval monk who tries to push
away a sexual temptation in a way of viewing the image of the Crucifixion, but suddenly an erotic image of naked woman emerges in the same crucified
image Easthope, 1999: 32. However, the repressed materials in unconscious mind find the way
out through daily activities not only through dreams but also through “slips of
the tongue, slips of the pens, or unintended actions” which are named as parapraxis or Freudian slips Barry, 2002: 98.
Gemes‟s
Freud and Nietzsche on Sublimation
states that a repression has a drive that includes both an ideational component which is the content of
the drive and aim and an energetic component which is the force and strength of the drive; as Freud called a quota of affect 2009: 43. There is also a
sublimation which is similar to the repression where the things that are repressed is being forced out to be something greater or disguised into
something “noble” Barry, 2002: 96-97. For instance, a sexual desire is sublimated into religious actions intensely Barry, 2002: 97. Sublimation is a
picture which includes a quota of affect which is not released. Repression itself is considered as a link of former or earlier things which are brought up
through sublimation process. Sublimation removes the repressing of energetic component and drives it out in form of an aim which differs from original one.
All sublimations involve an expression of a pent-up quota of affect. The picture suggested here is that all sublimations typically take
repressions as causal antecedents. In this sense sublimations are another manifestation of the phenomenon that Freud calls “the return
of the repressed.” What sublimations undo is the repressing of the energetic component; they steer it to an outlet, an aim that deviates
from its original aim Gemes, 2009: 43-44. Freud also mentions that all human drives are acceptable to be
sublimated, included all cultural activities such as art, science, professional life, religion, and ethics; and believes that those drives have pleasure quality,
especially art and religion which have moral significance and important role in spiritual feelings of human drives Vergote, 1998: 202-203. The objectives of
sublimation can be different, but they all have one same point as what Freud confirms in terms of cultural values or higher values Vergote, 1998: 202.
4. Precept of Seven Deadly Sins
Aspenleiter explains in God’s Plan that seven deadly sins are basically
indicated as vices or bad habits instead of sins. He stated that they are actually the basic evil tendencies as the origins of sins in human beings. They are also
called as seven capital sins because of the significance of their influence which is damaging. They are pride, avarice, lust, envy, anger, gluttony, and
sloth 1959: 208. Pride is exaggerated love of oneself superiority. It is also described as
over desire to be honored and recognized for authority without considering God‟s will. It can cause sins such as “false ambition, vanity, disobedience,
hyp ocrisy, and boasting” Aspenleiter, 1959: 208-209. Avarice is also named
greed. It is exaggerated desire to have all worldly goods. From greed, it may affect desires to sins for covetousness and stealing Aspenleiter, 1959: 209.
Lust is the habit of impurity. It is a vice for seeking the pleasure of flesh Aspenleiter, 1959: 209. Envy is
sadness and jealousy over other‟s prosperity. It is stated that there is a sad feeling to know another person has more than he
deserves and desire to wish that the person cannot live in richness. It may lead to sins such as
“hatred, selfishness, detraction, and calumny” Aspenleiter, 1959: 210. Anger or wrath is a description of explosion of emotion which is
usually based on the desire to revenge. Anger might cause sins such as profanity, blasphemy, quarreling, and hatred Aspenleiter, 1959: 210. There
is gluttony as a vice of over desire to possess foods and drinks Aspenleiter, 1959: 210. The last one is sloth which is a laziness which might deliver
disregard acts to spiritual and temporal duties. It may lead into sins of indifference, laziness, and carelessness Aspenleiter, 1959: 211.
C. Theoretical Framework
The first problem in this study is to understand the characteristics of John Doe by seeing descriptions in the screenplay. The theory of character and
characterization is used to know John Doe‟s characteristics through the
devices of characterization. In the next step, the characteristics of John Doe bring the writer to
analyze the second problem which is characteristics of psychopathic behavior and how his psychopathic behavior is related to seven deadly sins. In order to
be able to analyze the second question, the writer employs the concept of psychopath to find the detailed specifications of the characteristics of John
Doe which reveal the characteristics of psychopath. The writer uses theory of psychoanalysis and the concept of seven
deadly sins to uncover the dynamic of the unconscious of Doe motivating him to use seven deadly sins as the motivation of murder. The result for using
those theories and concepts to reveal the psychopathic behavior of John Doe which is related to seven deadly sins as formulated in chapter I.
