19
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter discusses methodology that is used to find the answers of the research problem presented in the first chapter. It consists of research method,
research setting, research participants, instruments and data gathering technique, technique of data analysis and research procedure.
A. Research Method
The research type of this research that was chosen is survey research. According to Ary et. al, 2002, a
survey is a research method, which is conducted to collect information about the characteristics of a population by
examining a sample of a group p. 67. This survey was used to find out the data
for the analysis, in this case, the students’ mastery of the prefix
un-
and
dis-.
The method of sampling used in this research was purposive sampling. It relies on the
judgment of the researcher when it comes to selecting the units, i.e. people, cases organization, events, pieces of data, which are to be studied
B. Research Setting
The research was conducted in even semester of English Education Study Program of Sanata Dharma University of the academic year 20112012.
20
C. Research Participants
In this study, the sixth and eighth semester students of English Language Education Study Program in the academic year 20112012 were selected to be the
population. It would not be possible to study the total population of all members of the sixth and eighth semester students. Therefore, the researcher settled on
choosing samples as the representatives of the total population. The number of the sixth semester test participants were fifty four students whereas the number of the
eighth semester were thirty students. They were chosen because they were regarded as senior students who
were considered to have learned about English especially Morphology, more profoundly than students of a lower semester. As senior students, the sixth and
eighth semester students were expected to be able to decide the appropriate prefix
un
- or
dis-
.
D. Research Instrument and Data Collection
1. Research Instrument
The instrument employed in this survey study was a test. It was done to see how prefix
un-
and
dis-
was mastered by the sixth and eighth semester students. The test had 30 question items in the form of completion. The
objective of this test was to measure the students ability to choose the right prefix between
un-
or
dis-
. The test consisted of 30 questions items and it was scored with key
answers provided. In this research, it was needed to know the sixth and eighth
21
semester students’ mastery. Here, each correct number was scored one 1 and each incorrect answer was scored zero 0. To obtain the final score, the total
score achieved by the students were multiplied by three, and then the result was deprived by two. Based on the academic regulation of Sanata Dharma University,
which was writtern in
Peraturan Akademik Universitas Sanata Dharma
2002: 14, the students’ mastery is perceived if the the total score the students achieved
reach 56 of the total score. Based on the academic regulation in Sanata Dharma University, the category of scores is as follows:
80 - 100 A very good
70 - 79 B good
56 - 69 C sufficient
50 - 55 D insufficient
≤ 49 E poor
Brown 2004 stated that the reliability of the test is defined as the extent to which the test results can be considered consistent or stable p. 20. In this
research, the researcher used K-R 20 formula to calculate the reliability of the test because the formula was used to determine the homogeneity which was based on
the proportion of correct and incorrect answer which was stated in Ary et al 2002 p.258. The formula would be presented as:
��
= �
� − 1
� 2
− �
� 2
Where
��
= the reliability of the whole test
Kategori