Table 1. Example Data sheet of Types and Functions of Figures of Speech by Comparison in Coraline
Code Data
Figures of Speech by Comparison
Function of Figures
of Speech Explanation
Met Sim Per
Apo 1 2 3 4
01Sim 1
She looked like a thin
giant woman v
v This narration describes
when Coraline get out her bedroom and see a
strange thing in the hall of her house. She
compares the shape of that thing to a thin giant
woman with simile. The simile is represented by
the connector of ‗like‘. To Coraline that thing
looks skinny yet so big. This narration gives
imaginative pleasure of the shape of the strange
thing because it shows how Coraline imagine
the shape of the thing.
Note :
001 : Number of datum
1 : To give imaginative pleasure
Met : Metaphor
2 : To bring an additional imagery Sim
: Simile 3 : To add emotional intensity
Per : Personification
4 : To concrete meaning in a brief compass
Apo : Apostrophe
D. Technique of Data Collection
There are many kinds of technique in collecting data in qualitative research, such as interviewing, ethnographic observation, analysis of documents
and material culture, and visual analysisVanderstoep and Johnston. 2009: 189. Those can be used across a number of different methods which define the focus of
the study. As the source of data in this study was a written literary text in the form of novel, the data collection technique used was analysis of documents by note
taking. The research used textual analysis in the analysis of data. Textual analysis use inductive analysis to interpret meaning and analyse a text Vanderstoep and
Johnston, 2009: 167. There are number of possible interpretations of the text and each interpretation is similarly accepted to the extent that it reflects the meaning
attributed to the text. Thus, the researcher interpretation is only one of many possible valid interpretations of the text.
There were some phases of data analysis done by the researcher. Those phases are listed in the following: 1 obtaining the raw data from the novel by
reading and taking notes; 2 classifying those raw data into the data sheet based on their categories; 3 identifying those data in each category into more specific
sub-categories; 4 re-examining the data in the data sheet by checking, combining
and comparing them by drawing the relation among them; 5 reporting the data analysis by describing the findings.
E. Technique of Data Analysis
Having finished the procedure of data collection, the researcher finally got the raw data to be analyzed. According to Bungin 2007: 107, the relation
between data collection and data analysis is inseparable. This means when researcher collected the data, they actually have started conducting data analysis.
The remaining steps of data analysis of data are described in the following steps: 1.
After getting the raw data, the researcher will make a categorization system which was drawn to a table which is shown in Table 1. The table is listed to
categorize the figures of speech by comparison and its functions. 2.
The next step to do after categorizing is done will put the selected words containing figures of speech by comparison as the selected data into table.
3. After the classifying is finished, the researcher will start to analyse the data.
In this research, the data analysis employed Perrine‘s categorization on figures of speech and its functions.
4. After analysing and getting the data finding, the researcher does not only
confirm the findings to some employed theories but the researcher will also explain and elaborate why the findings could so to answer each questions.
5. The last step is reporting the findings and the discussion of the findings.
