SEXUALITY REFLECTED IN AYU UTAMI’S SAMAN(1998): A FEMINIST APPROACH Sexuality Reflected In Ayu Utami’s Saman(1998): A Feminist Approach.
SEXUALITY REFLECTED IN AYU UTAMI’S SAMAN(1998):
A FEMINIST APPROACH
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Getting Bachelor
Degree of Education in English Department
by
LULUK KHOIRIYYAH
A 320 110 153
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2016
i
APPROVAL
SEXUALITY REFLECTED IN AYU UTAMI’S SAMAN (1998):
A FEMINIST APPROACH
RESEARCH PAPPER
by
LULUK KHOIRIYYAH
A 320 110 153
Approved to be Examined by Consultant
First Consultant
Second Consultant
Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, M. Ed.
Titis Setyabudi, S. S, M. Hum.
NIK. 772
NIK. 948
ii
ACCEPTANCE
SEXUALITY REFLECTED IN AYU UTAMI’S SAMAN (1998):
A FEMINIST APPROACH
by
LULUK KHOIRIYYAH
A320 110 153
Accepted and Approved by the Board of Examiners
School of Teacher Training and Education
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
On April 2016
The Board of Examiners:
1.
Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, M. ED.
(
)
(
)
(
)
NIK. 772
(Chair Person)
2.
Titis Setyabudi, S. S, M. Hum.
NIK. 948
(Member 1)
3. Dr. Abdillah Nugroho, M. Hum.
Nik. 589
(Member 2)
Dean,
Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, M. Hum.
NIK. 123
iii
TESTIMONY
Herewith, the researcher testifies that in this research paper, there is no
plagiarism of the previous literary work which has been raised to obtain bachelor
degree of a university, nor there are opinions or masterpieces which have been
written or published or others, except those in which the writing are referred in the
manuscript and mentioned in literature review and bibliography.
Hence, later, if it is proved that there are mistakes in the researcher’s
statement above, the researcher will be fully responsible.
Surakarta,
Juni 2016
The Researcher,
LULUK KHOIRIYYAH
A 320 110 153
iv
MOTTO
“Success is not a final and failure is not an initial”.
The more you give the more you will get.
“Learn from the past, live for the today, and plan for tomorrow”.
v
DEDICATION
From my deep heart and wonder love,
this research paper in particular is dedicatedfor:
1. Allah SWT, The Lord of Everything
2. My beloved parents
3. My beloved husband
4. My beloved brothers and sister
5. My beloved best friends.
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Assalamu’alaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh
Alhamdulillahi robbil‘alamin, Praise be to Allah SWT, the GOD
ALMIGHTY, for blessing and guiding in completing this research paper as a
partial fulfillment of the requirement for the bachelor degree in English
Department.
In this opportunity, I also want to express I deep gratitude to the following
persons.
1.
Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, M. Hum., as the Dean of School of Teacher
Training and Education Faculty of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta,
2.
Mauly Halwat Hikmat, Ph.D, as the Head of English Department of
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta,
3.
The first consultant, Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, M. Ed., who has given
her great help and guidance in finishing this research paper,
4.
The second consultant, Titis Setyabudi, S.S, M.Hum., as the academic
consultant and examiner of I’m research paper and also give I motivation to
finish I study,
5.
All lecturers of English Department who have teached and gived their
knowledge,
6.
I parents, brothers, sister, and niece for their support, care and prayer to her,
7.
I belove husband, ―Ridho Anggita Setiawan
8.
I belove friends, Annisa Ahsan, Ratih, Randy, Reza, Rois, Wahid
vii
9.
I friends in the conscripts of the 2011 class D, who have struggled together
almost 4 years,
10. And to all the many people who made this research paper possible with
thanks beyond adequate expression.
Hopefully, this research paper will be useful for those who wants to study
the novel Ayu Utami Saman and enrich the reader‘s knowledge dealing with the
feminist approach. I realize that the research paper is still far from being perfect.
Therefore supportive criticism and suggestion are needed to make this research
paper later.
Wassalamu’alaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh
Surakarta, Juni 2016
LULUK KHOIRIYYAH
A320110153
viii
TABLE OF CONTENT
COVER ...........................................................................................................
i
APPROVAL ...................................................................................................
ii
ACCEPTANCE ..............................................................................................
iii
TESTIMONY .................................................................................................
iv
MOTTO ..........................................................................................................
v
DEDICATION ................................................................................................
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .............................................................................
vii
TABLE OF CONTENT .................................................................................
ix
ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................
xiii
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................
1
A. Background of the Study ...................................................................
1
B. Literature Review ...............................................................................
8
C. Problem Statement .............................................................................
5
D. Limitation of the Study ......................................................................
15
E. Objectives of the Study ......................................................................
15
F. Benefit of the Study ............................................................................
15
1.
Theoritical Benefit.........................................................................
16
2.
Partical Benefits ............................................................................
16
G. Research Method ................................................................................
16
1. Type of the Study ...........................................................................
16
2. Object of the Study.........................................................................
16
ix
3. Type of the Data and the Data Source ..........................................
16
4. Technique of the Data Collection ..................................................
17
5. Technique of the Data Analysis .....................................................
18
Research Paper Organization .....................................................
18
CHAPTER II UNDERLYING THEORY ............................................
19
Feminism Literary Criticism ......................................................
19
B. Major Principle in Feminist ..............................................................
20
Women’s Role ...............................................................................
20
b. Women’s Participation ..................................................................
21
Women’s Rights ............................................................................
22
d. Women’s Position .........................................................................
22
C. Sexuality ..............................................................................................
23
D. Structural Element .............................................................................
24
a. Plot ................................................................................................
24
b. Character .......................................................................................
24
c. Setting............................................................................................
24
d. Theme ............................................................................................
25
e. Style ..............................................................................................
25
f. Poin of View .................................................................................
25
E. Theoritical Application ......................................................................
26
H.
A.
a.
c.
x
CHAPTER III SOCIAL BACKGROUND OF INDONESIAN SOCIETY IN
THE LATE 20TH CENTURY ......................................................................
27
A. Sosial Background of Indonesia ........................................................
27
1.
Social Aspect .................................................................................
27
2.
Economic Aspect...........................................................................
29
3.
Political Aspect .............................................................................
34
4.
Science and Technology Aspect ...................................................
37
5.
Cultural Aspect ..............................................................................
40
6.
Religious Aspect ...........................................................................
44
B. Biography of the Author ....................................................................
46
CHAPTER IV STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS ...............................................
51
A.
Structural Elements .........................................................................
51
1. Character and characterization ........................................................
51
a. Major Character .....................................................................
52
b. Minor Character .....................................................................
57
2. Plot ....... .........................................................................................
62
3. Setting .............................................................................................
64
4. Theme..............................................................................................
68
5. Style ................................................................................................
69
6. Point of View ..................................................................................
72
Discussion........................................................................................
73
CHAPTER V FEMINIST ANALYSIS ........................................................
80
B.
xi
A.
Feminist Analysis ............................................................................
80
B.
Discussion........................................................................................
89
CHAPTHER VI CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ............................
94
A.
Conclusion .......................................................................................
94
B.
Pedagogical Implication ..................................................................
95
C.
Suggestion .......................................................................................
96
BIBLIOGRAPHY ..........................................................................................
97
xii
SEXUALITY REFLEXTED IN AYU UTAMI’s SAMAN (1998): A
FEMINIST APPROACH
Abstrak
Masalah utama dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengungkapkan sexualitas yang tercermin dalam
Saman, Ayu Utami. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis novel berdasarkan analisisfeminis.
Dalam menganalisis Saman, penulis menggunakan metode kualitatif dan pendekatan feminis. Sumber
data terdiri dari data primer dan sumber data sekunder. Sumber data primer adalah dari novel Saman
itu sendiri dan sumber data sekunder adalah sumber lain yang berhubungan dengan analisis seperti
buku sastra, artikel, referensi tentang novel Saman itu dan feminisme. Metode pengumpulan data
adalah penelitian pustaka. Teknik analisis data analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan
kesimpulan berikut.Pertama, unsur struktural novel menggambarkan karakter dan karakterisasi,
pengaturan waktu dan tempat, plot, sudut pandang, dan tema. Kedua, berdasarkan prespektif feminis,
seksualitas terungkap dengan deskripsi lain dari peran perempuan, partisipasi perempuan, hak
perempuan, dan posisi perempuan tercermin dalam novel Ayu Utami’s SAMAN (1998).
Kata Kunci: sexualitas, struktur dasar dari novel, pandangan wanita.
Abstracts
The major problem of this study is to reveal sexuality which is reflected in Ayu Utami’s Saman . The
objective if this study is to analyze the novel based on the feminist analysis. In analyzing Saman, the
writer uses qualitative method and feminist approach. The data source consists of primary data and
secondary data sources. The primary data source is the novel Saman itself and the secondary data
source are the other sources related to the analysis such as books of literary, articles, reference about
Saman novel and feminism. The method of the data collection is library research. The technique of
data analysis descriptive analysis. The results of the study show the following conclusions. First, the
structural element of the novel described the character and characterization, setting of time and place,
plot, point of view, and theme. All of them are correlated to each other forming unity. Second, based
on feminist perspective, sexuality was revealed with other descriptions of women`s participation,
women`s right, women`s role and women`s position reflected in Ayu Utami`s SAMAN (1998) novel.
Keywords: Sexuality, structural element of novel, feminist perspective
xiii
A FEMINIST APPROACH
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Getting Bachelor
Degree of Education in English Department
by
LULUK KHOIRIYYAH
A 320 110 153
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2016
i
APPROVAL
SEXUALITY REFLECTED IN AYU UTAMI’S SAMAN (1998):
A FEMINIST APPROACH
RESEARCH PAPPER
by
LULUK KHOIRIYYAH
A 320 110 153
Approved to be Examined by Consultant
First Consultant
Second Consultant
Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, M. Ed.
Titis Setyabudi, S. S, M. Hum.
NIK. 772
NIK. 948
ii
ACCEPTANCE
SEXUALITY REFLECTED IN AYU UTAMI’S SAMAN (1998):
A FEMINIST APPROACH
by
LULUK KHOIRIYYAH
A320 110 153
Accepted and Approved by the Board of Examiners
School of Teacher Training and Education
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
On April 2016
The Board of Examiners:
1.
Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, M. ED.
(
)
(
)
(
)
NIK. 772
(Chair Person)
2.
Titis Setyabudi, S. S, M. Hum.
NIK. 948
(Member 1)
3. Dr. Abdillah Nugroho, M. Hum.
Nik. 589
(Member 2)
Dean,
Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, M. Hum.
NIK. 123
iii
TESTIMONY
Herewith, the researcher testifies that in this research paper, there is no
plagiarism of the previous literary work which has been raised to obtain bachelor
degree of a university, nor there are opinions or masterpieces which have been
written or published or others, except those in which the writing are referred in the
manuscript and mentioned in literature review and bibliography.
Hence, later, if it is proved that there are mistakes in the researcher’s
statement above, the researcher will be fully responsible.
Surakarta,
Juni 2016
The Researcher,
LULUK KHOIRIYYAH
A 320 110 153
iv
MOTTO
“Success is not a final and failure is not an initial”.
The more you give the more you will get.
“Learn from the past, live for the today, and plan for tomorrow”.
v
DEDICATION
From my deep heart and wonder love,
this research paper in particular is dedicatedfor:
1. Allah SWT, The Lord of Everything
2. My beloved parents
3. My beloved husband
4. My beloved brothers and sister
5. My beloved best friends.
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Assalamu’alaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh
Alhamdulillahi robbil‘alamin, Praise be to Allah SWT, the GOD
ALMIGHTY, for blessing and guiding in completing this research paper as a
partial fulfillment of the requirement for the bachelor degree in English
Department.
In this opportunity, I also want to express I deep gratitude to the following
persons.
1.
Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, M. Hum., as the Dean of School of Teacher
Training and Education Faculty of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta,
2.
Mauly Halwat Hikmat, Ph.D, as the Head of English Department of
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta,
3.
The first consultant, Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, M. Ed., who has given
her great help and guidance in finishing this research paper,
4.
The second consultant, Titis Setyabudi, S.S, M.Hum., as the academic
consultant and examiner of I’m research paper and also give I motivation to
finish I study,
5.
All lecturers of English Department who have teached and gived their
knowledge,
6.
I parents, brothers, sister, and niece for their support, care and prayer to her,
7.
I belove husband, ―Ridho Anggita Setiawan
8.
I belove friends, Annisa Ahsan, Ratih, Randy, Reza, Rois, Wahid
vii
9.
I friends in the conscripts of the 2011 class D, who have struggled together
almost 4 years,
10. And to all the many people who made this research paper possible with
thanks beyond adequate expression.
Hopefully, this research paper will be useful for those who wants to study
the novel Ayu Utami Saman and enrich the reader‘s knowledge dealing with the
feminist approach. I realize that the research paper is still far from being perfect.
Therefore supportive criticism and suggestion are needed to make this research
paper later.
Wassalamu’alaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh
Surakarta, Juni 2016
LULUK KHOIRIYYAH
A320110153
viii
TABLE OF CONTENT
COVER ...........................................................................................................
i
APPROVAL ...................................................................................................
ii
ACCEPTANCE ..............................................................................................
iii
TESTIMONY .................................................................................................
iv
MOTTO ..........................................................................................................
v
DEDICATION ................................................................................................
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .............................................................................
vii
TABLE OF CONTENT .................................................................................
ix
ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................
xiii
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................
1
A. Background of the Study ...................................................................
1
B. Literature Review ...............................................................................
8
C. Problem Statement .............................................................................
5
D. Limitation of the Study ......................................................................
15
E. Objectives of the Study ......................................................................
15
F. Benefit of the Study ............................................................................
15
1.
Theoritical Benefit.........................................................................
16
2.
Partical Benefits ............................................................................
16
G. Research Method ................................................................................
16
1. Type of the Study ...........................................................................
16
2. Object of the Study.........................................................................
16
ix
3. Type of the Data and the Data Source ..........................................
16
4. Technique of the Data Collection ..................................................
17
5. Technique of the Data Analysis .....................................................
18
Research Paper Organization .....................................................
18
CHAPTER II UNDERLYING THEORY ............................................
19
Feminism Literary Criticism ......................................................
19
B. Major Principle in Feminist ..............................................................
20
Women’s Role ...............................................................................
20
b. Women’s Participation ..................................................................
21
Women’s Rights ............................................................................
22
d. Women’s Position .........................................................................
22
C. Sexuality ..............................................................................................
23
D. Structural Element .............................................................................
24
a. Plot ................................................................................................
24
b. Character .......................................................................................
24
c. Setting............................................................................................
24
d. Theme ............................................................................................
25
e. Style ..............................................................................................
25
f. Poin of View .................................................................................
25
E. Theoritical Application ......................................................................
26
H.
A.
a.
c.
x
CHAPTER III SOCIAL BACKGROUND OF INDONESIAN SOCIETY IN
THE LATE 20TH CENTURY ......................................................................
27
A. Sosial Background of Indonesia ........................................................
27
1.
Social Aspect .................................................................................
27
2.
Economic Aspect...........................................................................
29
3.
Political Aspect .............................................................................
34
4.
Science and Technology Aspect ...................................................
37
5.
Cultural Aspect ..............................................................................
40
6.
Religious Aspect ...........................................................................
44
B. Biography of the Author ....................................................................
46
CHAPTER IV STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS ...............................................
51
A.
Structural Elements .........................................................................
51
1. Character and characterization ........................................................
51
a. Major Character .....................................................................
52
b. Minor Character .....................................................................
57
2. Plot ....... .........................................................................................
62
3. Setting .............................................................................................
64
4. Theme..............................................................................................
68
5. Style ................................................................................................
69
6. Point of View ..................................................................................
72
Discussion........................................................................................
73
CHAPTER V FEMINIST ANALYSIS ........................................................
80
B.
xi
A.
Feminist Analysis ............................................................................
80
B.
Discussion........................................................................................
89
CHAPTHER VI CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ............................
94
A.
Conclusion .......................................................................................
94
B.
Pedagogical Implication ..................................................................
95
C.
Suggestion .......................................................................................
96
BIBLIOGRAPHY ..........................................................................................
97
xii
SEXUALITY REFLEXTED IN AYU UTAMI’s SAMAN (1998): A
FEMINIST APPROACH
Abstrak
Masalah utama dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengungkapkan sexualitas yang tercermin dalam
Saman, Ayu Utami. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis novel berdasarkan analisisfeminis.
Dalam menganalisis Saman, penulis menggunakan metode kualitatif dan pendekatan feminis. Sumber
data terdiri dari data primer dan sumber data sekunder. Sumber data primer adalah dari novel Saman
itu sendiri dan sumber data sekunder adalah sumber lain yang berhubungan dengan analisis seperti
buku sastra, artikel, referensi tentang novel Saman itu dan feminisme. Metode pengumpulan data
adalah penelitian pustaka. Teknik analisis data analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan
kesimpulan berikut.Pertama, unsur struktural novel menggambarkan karakter dan karakterisasi,
pengaturan waktu dan tempat, plot, sudut pandang, dan tema. Kedua, berdasarkan prespektif feminis,
seksualitas terungkap dengan deskripsi lain dari peran perempuan, partisipasi perempuan, hak
perempuan, dan posisi perempuan tercermin dalam novel Ayu Utami’s SAMAN (1998).
Kata Kunci: sexualitas, struktur dasar dari novel, pandangan wanita.
Abstracts
The major problem of this study is to reveal sexuality which is reflected in Ayu Utami’s Saman . The
objective if this study is to analyze the novel based on the feminist analysis. In analyzing Saman, the
writer uses qualitative method and feminist approach. The data source consists of primary data and
secondary data sources. The primary data source is the novel Saman itself and the secondary data
source are the other sources related to the analysis such as books of literary, articles, reference about
Saman novel and feminism. The method of the data collection is library research. The technique of
data analysis descriptive analysis. The results of the study show the following conclusions. First, the
structural element of the novel described the character and characterization, setting of time and place,
plot, point of view, and theme. All of them are correlated to each other forming unity. Second, based
on feminist perspective, sexuality was revealed with other descriptions of women`s participation,
women`s right, women`s role and women`s position reflected in Ayu Utami`s SAMAN (1998) novel.
Keywords: Sexuality, structural element of novel, feminist perspective
xiii