Slide PSI 205 Pertemuan I

PERTEMUAN 1
(VAM KAIHATU)

G. Kelly (1963)
Each person is a scientist who develops a
set of strategies for determining the couses
of behavior observed.

Confirmation Bias

Behavioral Research

 Bidang Ilmu Psikologi

 Perilaku

 Manusia (dan Hewan)
Apa

tujuannya?
Bagaimana caranya?






Otoritas
Rasional
Ilmiah

Mana yang

bisa diterima?

Scientific Explanation
PANDUAN UTAMA:
 Tentative Explanation
 Objective Observation and Logic
 Empirically Tested

KARAKTERISTIKNYA:

Empirical
 Rational

Testable

 Parsimonius
General

Tentative

Rigorously Evaluated

SCIENTIFIC EXPLANATION
VS

Commonsense Explanation
Belief-based Explanation
Apa persamaan dan perbedaannya?

SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH

Penelitian ilmiah adalah penyelidikan yang
sistematis,
terkontrol,
empriris,
dan kritis
tentang fenomena-fenomena alami, dengan
dipandu oleh teori dan hipotesis-hipotesis
tentang hubungan yang dikira terdapat
antara fenomena-fenomena itu

RESEARCH CYCLE
Generalization, Abstraction,
Theory

Inductive
Reasoning

Observation,
Facts,
Evidence

Prediction, Expectation,
Hypothesis

Deductive
Reasoning

Observation,
Facts,
Evidence

1. Observing a phenomenon
2. Formulating tentative explanations or

statements of cause and effect
3. Further observing or experimenting to
rule out alternative explanations
4. Refining and retesting the explanations

 Research Process