t ling 1007023 table of content
DAFTAR ISI
Hal
ABSTRAK................................................................................................................
Kata Pengantar .......................................................................................................
Ucapaan Terima kasih ............................................................................................
Daftar Isi ..................................................................................................................
Daftar Tabel ............................................................................................................
i
ii
iii
vi
viii
BAB I PENDAHULUAN .......................................................................................
1.1. Latar Belakang Masalah.....................................................................................
1.2. Rumusan Masalah ..............................................................................................
1.3. Tujuan Penelitian ...............................................................................................
1.4. Manfaat Penelitian .............................................................................................
1.5. Definisi Variabel …............................................................................................
1.6. Sistematika Penulisan ........................................................................................
1
1
4
5
5
6
7
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ...........................................................................
2.1. Tindak Tutur.......................................................................................................
2.2. Tindak Tutur Penolakan......................................................................................
2.3. Strategi Penolakan .............................................................................................
2.4. Teori Kesantunan ...............................................................................................
2.4.1. Strategi Langsung Tanpa Basa-basi (Bald on Record Strategy)…………
2.4.2. Strategi Kesantunan Positif (Positive Politeness Strategy) .....................
2.4.3. Strategi Kesantunan Negatif (Negative Politeness Strategy) ..................
2.4.4. Strategi Tidak langsung (Off Record Strategy) ........................................
2.5. Kesantunan dan Konteks ....................................................................................
9
9
14
15
18
20
21
23
24
25
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN ........................................................................
3.1. Desain Penelitian ...............................................................................................
3.2. Data Penelitian dan Sumber data .......................................................................
3.2.1. Data Penelitian .........................................................................................
3.2.1.1. Data Tuturan ................................................................................
3.2.1.2. Data Triangulasi ..........................................................................
3.2.2. Sumber Data Penelitian............................................................................
3.3. Instrumen Penelitian ..........................................................................................
3.4. Teknik pengumpulan Data .................................................................................
3.5. Teknik Analisis Data ..........................................................................................
28
28
29
29
29
30
30
32
32
33
BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN ......................................
4.1. Realisasi Tuturan Penolakan Siswa Ketika Berkomunikasi dengan Guru.........
4.1.1. Penolakan Tidak Langsung .....................................................................
4.1.2. Penolakan Langsung ...............................................................................
4.2. Strategi Penolakan Siswa Terhadap Guru .........................................................
4.2.1. Strategi Memberikan Alasan dan Penjelasan (MAP)..............................
37
37
38
55
61
62
Siti Afni Afiyani, 2012
Strategi Kesantunan Berbahasa siswa pada tuturan menolak dalam berkomunikasi dengan
guru
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu
4.2.2. Strategi Menyalahkan dan Mengkritik (MM) ..........................................
4.2.3. Strategi Lainnya (L)..................................................................................
4.2.4. Strategi Langsung Mengatakan Tidak (LMT) .........................................
4.2.5. Strategi Menunda Jawaban (MJ)..............................................................
4.2.6. Strategi Menerima Tanpa Kepastian (MTK) ...........................................
4.2.7. Strategi Mempertanyakan Keabsahan Permintaan (MKP).......................
4.2.8. Strategi Ragu-ragu dan Kurang Semangat (RKS) ...................................
4.2.9. Strategi Menyandarkan Alasan pada Pihak ketiga (MAPK) ...................
4.2.10. Strategi Menawarkan Alternatif (MA)...................................................
4.2.11. Strategi Meminta (M) ............................................................................
4.2.12. Kesantunan dalam Penggunaan Strategi Penolakan oleh Siswa ............
4.3. Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Penggunaan Strategi Penolakan ...........................
4.3.1. Partisipan .................................................................................................
4.3.2.1. Mitra Tutur ..................................................................................
4.3.2.2. Penutur..........................................................................................
4.3.2. Faktor Situasi ...........................................................................................
4.3.3.Tuturan Stimulus........................................................................................
65
68
72
74
75
77
78
80
81
83
84
89
89
90
94
97
99
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN ................................................................ 109
5.1. Kesimpulan .................................................................................................... 109
5.2. Saran .............................................................................................................. 113
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ...........................................................................................
114
LAMPIRAN-LAMPIRAN
A. Lampiran 1 Analisis Strategi Penolakan ............................................................
B. Lampiran 2 Transkripsi Rekaman ......................................................................
C. Lampiran 3 Transkripsi Wawancara ..................................................................
D. Lampiran 4 Instrumen Penelitian .......................................................................
117
122
137
140
TENTANG PENULIS ............................................................................................
142
Siti Afni Afiyani, 2012
Strategi Kesantunan Berbahasa siswa pada tuturan menolak dalam berkomunikasi dengan
guru
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9
4.10
4.11
4.12
4.13
4.14
4.15
4.16
4.17
4.18
4.19
4.20
4.21
4.22
4.23
4.24
4.25
4.26
4.27
4.28
4.29
4.30
4.31
4.32
4.33
4.34
4.35
4.36
Data Tuturan Penolakan Tidak Langsung percakapan (1)................
Data Tuturan Penolakan Tidak Langsung percakapan (2)................
Data Tuturan Penolakan Tidak Langsung percakapan (3)................
Data Tuturan Penolakan Tidak Langsung percakapan (4)................
Data Tuturan Penolakan Tidak Langsung percakapan (5)................
Data Tuturan Penolakan Tidak Langsung percakapan (6)................
Data Tuturan Penolakan Tidak Langsung percakapan (7)................
Data Tuturan Penolakan Tidak Langsung percakapan (8)................
Data Tuturan Penolakan Tidak Langsung percakapan (9)................
Data Tuturan Penolakan Tidak Langsung percakapan (10)..............
Data Tuturan Penolakan Tidak Langsung percakapan (11)..............
Data Tuturan Penolakan Tidak Langsung percakapan (12)..............
Data Tuturan Penolakan Tidak Langsung percakapan (13)..............
Data Tuturan Penolakan Tidak Langsung percakapan (14)..............
Data Tuturan Penolakan Tidak Langsung percakapan (15)..............
Data Tuturan Penolakan Secara Langsung........................................
Distribusi Penggunaan Strategi Penolakan Pada Tuturan ...............
Data Tuturan Penolakan Dengan Strategi Memberikan Alasan dan
Penjelasan (MAP)............................................................................
Data Tuturan Penolakan Strategi Menyalahkan dan Mengkritik.....
Data Tuturan Penolakan Strategi Lainnya.......……………………..
Data Tuturan Penolakan Strategi Langsung Mengatakan Tidak.......
Data Tuturan Penolakan Strategi Menunda Jawaban.....................
Data tuturan penolakan strategi Menerima Tanpa Kepastian.........
Data Tuturan Penolakan Strategi Mempertanyakan Keabsahan
Permintaan.........................................................................................
Data Tuturan Penolakan Strategi Ragu-Ragu Dan Kurang
Semangat...........................................................................................
Data Tuturan Penolakan Strategi menyandarkan Alasan pada
Pihak Ketiga.....................................................................................
Data Tuturan Penolakan Strategi Menawarkan Alternatif ...............
Data Tuturan Penolakan Meminta.....................................................
Realisasi Tuturan penolakan (1)........................................................
Realisasi tuturan penolakan (2).........................................................
Realisasi tuturan penolakan (3).......................................................
Realisasi tuturan penolakan (4).......................................................
Realisasi tuturan penolakan (5).......................................................
Realisasi Tuturan Penolakan (6)........................................................
Stimulus-Respons .............................................................................
Rangkuman Analisis.........................................................................
38
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
56
61
62
66
69
72
75
76
77
78
80
82
83
90
91
93
94
96
98
99
106
Siti Afni Afiyani, 2012
Strategi Kesantunan Berbahasa siswa pada tuturan menolak dalam berkomunikasi dengan
guru
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu
Hal
ABSTRAK................................................................................................................
Kata Pengantar .......................................................................................................
Ucapaan Terima kasih ............................................................................................
Daftar Isi ..................................................................................................................
Daftar Tabel ............................................................................................................
i
ii
iii
vi
viii
BAB I PENDAHULUAN .......................................................................................
1.1. Latar Belakang Masalah.....................................................................................
1.2. Rumusan Masalah ..............................................................................................
1.3. Tujuan Penelitian ...............................................................................................
1.4. Manfaat Penelitian .............................................................................................
1.5. Definisi Variabel …............................................................................................
1.6. Sistematika Penulisan ........................................................................................
1
1
4
5
5
6
7
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ...........................................................................
2.1. Tindak Tutur.......................................................................................................
2.2. Tindak Tutur Penolakan......................................................................................
2.3. Strategi Penolakan .............................................................................................
2.4. Teori Kesantunan ...............................................................................................
2.4.1. Strategi Langsung Tanpa Basa-basi (Bald on Record Strategy)…………
2.4.2. Strategi Kesantunan Positif (Positive Politeness Strategy) .....................
2.4.3. Strategi Kesantunan Negatif (Negative Politeness Strategy) ..................
2.4.4. Strategi Tidak langsung (Off Record Strategy) ........................................
2.5. Kesantunan dan Konteks ....................................................................................
9
9
14
15
18
20
21
23
24
25
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN ........................................................................
3.1. Desain Penelitian ...............................................................................................
3.2. Data Penelitian dan Sumber data .......................................................................
3.2.1. Data Penelitian .........................................................................................
3.2.1.1. Data Tuturan ................................................................................
3.2.1.2. Data Triangulasi ..........................................................................
3.2.2. Sumber Data Penelitian............................................................................
3.3. Instrumen Penelitian ..........................................................................................
3.4. Teknik pengumpulan Data .................................................................................
3.5. Teknik Analisis Data ..........................................................................................
28
28
29
29
29
30
30
32
32
33
BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN ......................................
4.1. Realisasi Tuturan Penolakan Siswa Ketika Berkomunikasi dengan Guru.........
4.1.1. Penolakan Tidak Langsung .....................................................................
4.1.2. Penolakan Langsung ...............................................................................
4.2. Strategi Penolakan Siswa Terhadap Guru .........................................................
4.2.1. Strategi Memberikan Alasan dan Penjelasan (MAP)..............................
37
37
38
55
61
62
Siti Afni Afiyani, 2012
Strategi Kesantunan Berbahasa siswa pada tuturan menolak dalam berkomunikasi dengan
guru
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu
4.2.2. Strategi Menyalahkan dan Mengkritik (MM) ..........................................
4.2.3. Strategi Lainnya (L)..................................................................................
4.2.4. Strategi Langsung Mengatakan Tidak (LMT) .........................................
4.2.5. Strategi Menunda Jawaban (MJ)..............................................................
4.2.6. Strategi Menerima Tanpa Kepastian (MTK) ...........................................
4.2.7. Strategi Mempertanyakan Keabsahan Permintaan (MKP).......................
4.2.8. Strategi Ragu-ragu dan Kurang Semangat (RKS) ...................................
4.2.9. Strategi Menyandarkan Alasan pada Pihak ketiga (MAPK) ...................
4.2.10. Strategi Menawarkan Alternatif (MA)...................................................
4.2.11. Strategi Meminta (M) ............................................................................
4.2.12. Kesantunan dalam Penggunaan Strategi Penolakan oleh Siswa ............
4.3. Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Penggunaan Strategi Penolakan ...........................
4.3.1. Partisipan .................................................................................................
4.3.2.1. Mitra Tutur ..................................................................................
4.3.2.2. Penutur..........................................................................................
4.3.2. Faktor Situasi ...........................................................................................
4.3.3.Tuturan Stimulus........................................................................................
65
68
72
74
75
77
78
80
81
83
84
89
89
90
94
97
99
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN ................................................................ 109
5.1. Kesimpulan .................................................................................................... 109
5.2. Saran .............................................................................................................. 113
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ...........................................................................................
114
LAMPIRAN-LAMPIRAN
A. Lampiran 1 Analisis Strategi Penolakan ............................................................
B. Lampiran 2 Transkripsi Rekaman ......................................................................
C. Lampiran 3 Transkripsi Wawancara ..................................................................
D. Lampiran 4 Instrumen Penelitian .......................................................................
117
122
137
140
TENTANG PENULIS ............................................................................................
142
Siti Afni Afiyani, 2012
Strategi Kesantunan Berbahasa siswa pada tuturan menolak dalam berkomunikasi dengan
guru
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9
4.10
4.11
4.12
4.13
4.14
4.15
4.16
4.17
4.18
4.19
4.20
4.21
4.22
4.23
4.24
4.25
4.26
4.27
4.28
4.29
4.30
4.31
4.32
4.33
4.34
4.35
4.36
Data Tuturan Penolakan Tidak Langsung percakapan (1)................
Data Tuturan Penolakan Tidak Langsung percakapan (2)................
Data Tuturan Penolakan Tidak Langsung percakapan (3)................
Data Tuturan Penolakan Tidak Langsung percakapan (4)................
Data Tuturan Penolakan Tidak Langsung percakapan (5)................
Data Tuturan Penolakan Tidak Langsung percakapan (6)................
Data Tuturan Penolakan Tidak Langsung percakapan (7)................
Data Tuturan Penolakan Tidak Langsung percakapan (8)................
Data Tuturan Penolakan Tidak Langsung percakapan (9)................
Data Tuturan Penolakan Tidak Langsung percakapan (10)..............
Data Tuturan Penolakan Tidak Langsung percakapan (11)..............
Data Tuturan Penolakan Tidak Langsung percakapan (12)..............
Data Tuturan Penolakan Tidak Langsung percakapan (13)..............
Data Tuturan Penolakan Tidak Langsung percakapan (14)..............
Data Tuturan Penolakan Tidak Langsung percakapan (15)..............
Data Tuturan Penolakan Secara Langsung........................................
Distribusi Penggunaan Strategi Penolakan Pada Tuturan ...............
Data Tuturan Penolakan Dengan Strategi Memberikan Alasan dan
Penjelasan (MAP)............................................................................
Data Tuturan Penolakan Strategi Menyalahkan dan Mengkritik.....
Data Tuturan Penolakan Strategi Lainnya.......……………………..
Data Tuturan Penolakan Strategi Langsung Mengatakan Tidak.......
Data Tuturan Penolakan Strategi Menunda Jawaban.....................
Data tuturan penolakan strategi Menerima Tanpa Kepastian.........
Data Tuturan Penolakan Strategi Mempertanyakan Keabsahan
Permintaan.........................................................................................
Data Tuturan Penolakan Strategi Ragu-Ragu Dan Kurang
Semangat...........................................................................................
Data Tuturan Penolakan Strategi menyandarkan Alasan pada
Pihak Ketiga.....................................................................................
Data Tuturan Penolakan Strategi Menawarkan Alternatif ...............
Data Tuturan Penolakan Meminta.....................................................
Realisasi Tuturan penolakan (1)........................................................
Realisasi tuturan penolakan (2).........................................................
Realisasi tuturan penolakan (3).......................................................
Realisasi tuturan penolakan (4).......................................................
Realisasi tuturan penolakan (5).......................................................
Realisasi Tuturan Penolakan (6)........................................................
Stimulus-Respons .............................................................................
Rangkuman Analisis.........................................................................
38
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
56
61
62
66
69
72
75
76
77
78
80
82
83
90
91
93
94
96
98
99
106
Siti Afni Afiyani, 2012
Strategi Kesantunan Berbahasa siswa pada tuturan menolak dalam berkomunikasi dengan
guru
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu