A PRAGMATICS ANALYSIS of PROMISING UTTERANCES in BARACK OBAMA SPEECHES A Pragmatics Analysis Of Promising Utterances In Barack Obama Speeches.
A PRAGMATICS ANALYSIS of PROMISING UTTERANCES
in BARACK OBAMA SPEECHES
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for Getting bachelor degree of Education
in English Department
Proposed By
NIKEN WARDIANI SUWANDI
A320090155
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2013
A PRAGMATICS ANALYSIS of PROMISING UTTERANCES
in BARACK OBAMA SPEECHES
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for Getting bachelor degree of Education
in English Department
Proposed By
NIKEN WARDIANI SUWANDI
A320090155
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2013
i
APPROVAL
A PRAGMATICS ANALYSIS of PROMISING UTTERANCES
in BARACK OBAMA SPEECHES
RESEARCH PAPER
Proposed b-v:
NIKEN WARDIANI SUWANDI
A.3200901ss
Approved to be Examined
by the Consultant Team:
First consultant
Wijayanto, Ph.D
NIK.978
Second Consultant
Dra. Dwi Haryanti, M. Hum.
NIK.477
ACCEPTANCE
A PRAGMATICS ANALYSIS of PROMISING UTTERANCES
in BARACK OBAMA SPEECHES
by
NIKEN WARDIANI SUWANDI
{.320090155
Accepted and Approved by the Board Examiners
School of Teacher Training and Education
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
on July
Team of Examiners:
l.
)
3.
Aeus Wiiavanto. Ph.D.
NIK.978
(Chair Person)
Dra. Drvi Harvanti. M.Hum.
NIK.477
(Nlember I)
Dra. Siti Zuhriah Arvatmi. M.Hum.
NIK.225
(Member
II)
z
?
iii
TESTIMOI\-Y
I
herewith asselt that there is no work had been submitted to obtain
bachelor degree in any University in this research paperand as far as I concem no
work,opinion or masterpieces had been written or published by someone else
exeept the written referenees whieh are referred in this paper and mentioned in the
bibliography.
If
only here will bein correctness proved in the future in my
statement above, I
will fully responsible.
Surakarta,
July 2013
The Researeher
Niken Wardiani Suwandi
lV
MOTTO
“Be Yourself, No Matter What Other People Think.
God made you the way you are for a reason.
Besides, an original is always worth more than a copy!”
“Live as if you were to die tommorow. Learn as if you were to life forever ”
___Mahatma Gandhi__
“ A friend is someone who knows all about you and still loves you “
__Elbert Hubbard__
“Failures are a part of life. If you don’t fail, you don’t learn. If you don’t learn,
you’ll never change.”
“Familly is everthing in the entaire of life”
__The Writer__
v
DEDICATION
This research paper is dedicated to:
My Spirit in Entire of My Life “IBU WARNI” and
“BAPAK WANDI”
My Soulmate of My Life “FERI PURWOKO as My
Husband”
My Beloved Baby “ AFKA AIDHAN ADYA
PURWOKO”
My Beloved Brother “DIK SULIH”
vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Thanks to Allah SWT who always gives mercies and blessings to the
researcher with health and power to finish this research. Peace and salutation are
also given to our prophet Muhammad SAW who has guided us from the darkness
to the brightness. The success would not be achieved without the help and support
from many peoples during conducting and finishing the research paper. Therefore,
the researcher wants to express her special gratitude and appreciation to:
1. Allah SWT for everything given to the writer,
2. Dra. Nining Setyaningsih, M.Si., as the Dean of the School of Teacher
Training and Education Faculty of Muhammadiyah University of
Surakarta,
3. Titis Setyabudi, S.Si, M.Hum., as the chief of English Department who
has given the writer permission to write this thesis,
4. Agus Wijayanto, Ph.D., as the first consultant who always gives
guidance, advices, supports, discussion, careful and also corrections, in
conducting this research paper,
5. Dra. Dwi Haryanti, M.Hum., as the second consultant for the willingness
in giving the correction about the weakness of this research paper,
vii
6. Susiati, S.Pd, as the academic consultant who has given so much guidence
and careful during the study,
7. All of the lecturer in English Department of Muhammadiyah University of
Surakarta, for transferring the knowledge and giving guidance.
8. Her beloved parents, Ibu Suwarni and Bapak Suwandi, the reason that
makes the researcher survive as the person who never gives up and give
more spirit to face the entire reseacher problem as her experience.
9. Her beloved husband, Feri Purwoko and Her lovely son, Afka, thanks for
the support, love and loyalty.
10. Her brother, Sulih, who help take care her son and give support to the
writer.
11. Her boarding housemate, Niken Jupeh, Rara Ochan and Indri Indrul,
thanks for everything.
12. Her great lovely friends, Nitta (Kriting), Desi (Echik), Eza (juju), Ayuk
(Oneng), Nisa (Kriwil), Relis (Tente), for the meaningful friendship,
sweet memory, and loyalty to grow up together. Thanks for eveery thing
that can‘t to be spoke.
13. Class D 2009, thanks for togetherness, craziness, beautiful moment and
warm feeling during the study,
14. All members of Gendhis Theatre, for togetherness, cooperation, and great
discussion partner.
15. Her partners in PPL SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Surakarta (SIMPON)
who have been the great friendship ever,
viii
16. AE 3563 YC which have been accompanying her in every single day.
17. And others which cannot be mentioned one by one, who help the writer in
finishing the research paper and for all the big support and the prayer.
The writer realizes that this research paper is still far from being perfect
and still needs many improvements. However, the researcher hopes this
research paper will give useful significance to readers.
Surakarta,
July 2013
Niken Wardiani Suwandi
ix
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE .............................................................................................................
i
APPROVAL ...................................................................................................
ii
ACCEPTANCE ..............................................................................................
iii
TESTIMONY .................................................................................................
iv
MOTTO ..........................................................................................................
v
DEDICATION ................................................................................................
vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT ...............................................................................
vii
TABLE OF CONTENT .................................................................................
x
LIST OF TECHNICAL TERMS..................................................................
xv
ABSTRACT .................................................................................................... xviii
CHAPTER I:
CHAPTER II:
INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study ...................................................
1
B. Scope of the Study .............................................................
2
C. Problem Statement. ...........................................................
2
D. Objective of the Study .......................................................
2
E. Benefit of the Study ...........................................................
6
F. Research Paper Organization .............................................
7
UNDERLYING THEORY
A. Pragmatics .......................................................................
8
1. Pragmalinguistics .........................................................
9
2. Sociopragmatics ...........................................................
9
x
CHAPTER III:
CHAPTER IV:
CHAPTER V:
B.Speech Acts ......................................................................
10
C.The Speech Act of Promising ...........................................
16
D. Previous Studies on Promising........................................
18
RESEARCH METHOD
A. Type of Research ............................................................
23
B. Object of Research ..........................................................
23
C. Data and Data Source ......................................................
24
D. Method of Collecting Data .............................................
24
E. Technique of Data Analysis ............................................
25
RESEARCH FINDING AND DISCUSSION
A. Data Analysis ..................................................................
26
B. Research Findings ...........................................................
79
C. Discussion ......................................................................
82
CONCLUSION AND SUGESTION
A. Conclusion ......................................................................
87
B. Suggetion ........................................................................
88
BIBLIOGRAPHY ..........................................................................................
90
VIRTUAL REFERENCE..............................................................................
92
APPENDIX
xi
ABSTRACT
NIKEN WARDIANI SUWANDI. A 320 090 155. A PRAGMATICS
ANALYSIS OF PROMISING UTTERANCES IN BARACK OBAMA
SPEECES. RESEARCH PAPER. MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF
SURAKARTA. 2013.
The study aims to describe the pragmalinguistics forms of promising
utterances in Barack Obama speeches and to investigate illocutionary acts of
promising utterances in Barack Obama speeches.The object of this study is
promising utterance in five speeches of Barack Obama. This research belongs to
qualitative research.In analyzing the promising utterance, the researcher:
described the pragmalinguistics forms of promising utterance; identified and
discussed illocutionary acts of promising utterance and drow conclusion and
suggestion based on the analysis. As for the pragmalinguistic forms of promising
utterances, the researcher found 36 data of constantive form (the percentage is
92%) and 3 data of pervormative form of promising utterance(the precentage is
8%). According the intention of the speakers, the researcher finds the intention
such as reconfirming (the percentage is 3%), influencing (the percentage is 3%),
offering (the percentage is 5%), assuring (the percentage is 43%) and affirming
(the percentage is 46%).
Keywords: pragmatics, promising utterance, speech act
xii
List of Technical Terms
D
= Data
S1
= Speech 1
S2
= Speech 2
S3
= Speech 3
S4
= Speech 4
S5
= Speech 5
WI
= Speech Title (Remarks by the President on Ending the War in Iraq
(October 21st 2011))
DF
= Speech Title (Obama speech on the Deficit (April 13rd 2011))
CoJ
= Speech Title (Obama speech to Congress on Jobs (September 8th 2011))
ESC
= Speech Title (President Barack Obama's 2012 election night victory
speech in Chicago (November 7th 2012))
GCR = Speech Title (President Obama’s Speech on Gun Control and Reform
(Desember 19th 2012))
01- 48 = Number of Data
xiii
in BARACK OBAMA SPEECHES
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for Getting bachelor degree of Education
in English Department
Proposed By
NIKEN WARDIANI SUWANDI
A320090155
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2013
A PRAGMATICS ANALYSIS of PROMISING UTTERANCES
in BARACK OBAMA SPEECHES
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for Getting bachelor degree of Education
in English Department
Proposed By
NIKEN WARDIANI SUWANDI
A320090155
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2013
i
APPROVAL
A PRAGMATICS ANALYSIS of PROMISING UTTERANCES
in BARACK OBAMA SPEECHES
RESEARCH PAPER
Proposed b-v:
NIKEN WARDIANI SUWANDI
A.3200901ss
Approved to be Examined
by the Consultant Team:
First consultant
Wijayanto, Ph.D
NIK.978
Second Consultant
Dra. Dwi Haryanti, M. Hum.
NIK.477
ACCEPTANCE
A PRAGMATICS ANALYSIS of PROMISING UTTERANCES
in BARACK OBAMA SPEECHES
by
NIKEN WARDIANI SUWANDI
{.320090155
Accepted and Approved by the Board Examiners
School of Teacher Training and Education
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
on July
Team of Examiners:
l.
)
3.
Aeus Wiiavanto. Ph.D.
NIK.978
(Chair Person)
Dra. Drvi Harvanti. M.Hum.
NIK.477
(Nlember I)
Dra. Siti Zuhriah Arvatmi. M.Hum.
NIK.225
(Member
II)
z
?
iii
TESTIMOI\-Y
I
herewith asselt that there is no work had been submitted to obtain
bachelor degree in any University in this research paperand as far as I concem no
work,opinion or masterpieces had been written or published by someone else
exeept the written referenees whieh are referred in this paper and mentioned in the
bibliography.
If
only here will bein correctness proved in the future in my
statement above, I
will fully responsible.
Surakarta,
July 2013
The Researeher
Niken Wardiani Suwandi
lV
MOTTO
“Be Yourself, No Matter What Other People Think.
God made you the way you are for a reason.
Besides, an original is always worth more than a copy!”
“Live as if you were to die tommorow. Learn as if you were to life forever ”
___Mahatma Gandhi__
“ A friend is someone who knows all about you and still loves you “
__Elbert Hubbard__
“Failures are a part of life. If you don’t fail, you don’t learn. If you don’t learn,
you’ll never change.”
“Familly is everthing in the entaire of life”
__The Writer__
v
DEDICATION
This research paper is dedicated to:
My Spirit in Entire of My Life “IBU WARNI” and
“BAPAK WANDI”
My Soulmate of My Life “FERI PURWOKO as My
Husband”
My Beloved Baby “ AFKA AIDHAN ADYA
PURWOKO”
My Beloved Brother “DIK SULIH”
vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Thanks to Allah SWT who always gives mercies and blessings to the
researcher with health and power to finish this research. Peace and salutation are
also given to our prophet Muhammad SAW who has guided us from the darkness
to the brightness. The success would not be achieved without the help and support
from many peoples during conducting and finishing the research paper. Therefore,
the researcher wants to express her special gratitude and appreciation to:
1. Allah SWT for everything given to the writer,
2. Dra. Nining Setyaningsih, M.Si., as the Dean of the School of Teacher
Training and Education Faculty of Muhammadiyah University of
Surakarta,
3. Titis Setyabudi, S.Si, M.Hum., as the chief of English Department who
has given the writer permission to write this thesis,
4. Agus Wijayanto, Ph.D., as the first consultant who always gives
guidance, advices, supports, discussion, careful and also corrections, in
conducting this research paper,
5. Dra. Dwi Haryanti, M.Hum., as the second consultant for the willingness
in giving the correction about the weakness of this research paper,
vii
6. Susiati, S.Pd, as the academic consultant who has given so much guidence
and careful during the study,
7. All of the lecturer in English Department of Muhammadiyah University of
Surakarta, for transferring the knowledge and giving guidance.
8. Her beloved parents, Ibu Suwarni and Bapak Suwandi, the reason that
makes the researcher survive as the person who never gives up and give
more spirit to face the entire reseacher problem as her experience.
9. Her beloved husband, Feri Purwoko and Her lovely son, Afka, thanks for
the support, love and loyalty.
10. Her brother, Sulih, who help take care her son and give support to the
writer.
11. Her boarding housemate, Niken Jupeh, Rara Ochan and Indri Indrul,
thanks for everything.
12. Her great lovely friends, Nitta (Kriting), Desi (Echik), Eza (juju), Ayuk
(Oneng), Nisa (Kriwil), Relis (Tente), for the meaningful friendship,
sweet memory, and loyalty to grow up together. Thanks for eveery thing
that can‘t to be spoke.
13. Class D 2009, thanks for togetherness, craziness, beautiful moment and
warm feeling during the study,
14. All members of Gendhis Theatre, for togetherness, cooperation, and great
discussion partner.
15. Her partners in PPL SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Surakarta (SIMPON)
who have been the great friendship ever,
viii
16. AE 3563 YC which have been accompanying her in every single day.
17. And others which cannot be mentioned one by one, who help the writer in
finishing the research paper and for all the big support and the prayer.
The writer realizes that this research paper is still far from being perfect
and still needs many improvements. However, the researcher hopes this
research paper will give useful significance to readers.
Surakarta,
July 2013
Niken Wardiani Suwandi
ix
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE .............................................................................................................
i
APPROVAL ...................................................................................................
ii
ACCEPTANCE ..............................................................................................
iii
TESTIMONY .................................................................................................
iv
MOTTO ..........................................................................................................
v
DEDICATION ................................................................................................
vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT ...............................................................................
vii
TABLE OF CONTENT .................................................................................
x
LIST OF TECHNICAL TERMS..................................................................
xv
ABSTRACT .................................................................................................... xviii
CHAPTER I:
CHAPTER II:
INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study ...................................................
1
B. Scope of the Study .............................................................
2
C. Problem Statement. ...........................................................
2
D. Objective of the Study .......................................................
2
E. Benefit of the Study ...........................................................
6
F. Research Paper Organization .............................................
7
UNDERLYING THEORY
A. Pragmatics .......................................................................
8
1. Pragmalinguistics .........................................................
9
2. Sociopragmatics ...........................................................
9
x
CHAPTER III:
CHAPTER IV:
CHAPTER V:
B.Speech Acts ......................................................................
10
C.The Speech Act of Promising ...........................................
16
D. Previous Studies on Promising........................................
18
RESEARCH METHOD
A. Type of Research ............................................................
23
B. Object of Research ..........................................................
23
C. Data and Data Source ......................................................
24
D. Method of Collecting Data .............................................
24
E. Technique of Data Analysis ............................................
25
RESEARCH FINDING AND DISCUSSION
A. Data Analysis ..................................................................
26
B. Research Findings ...........................................................
79
C. Discussion ......................................................................
82
CONCLUSION AND SUGESTION
A. Conclusion ......................................................................
87
B. Suggetion ........................................................................
88
BIBLIOGRAPHY ..........................................................................................
90
VIRTUAL REFERENCE..............................................................................
92
APPENDIX
xi
ABSTRACT
NIKEN WARDIANI SUWANDI. A 320 090 155. A PRAGMATICS
ANALYSIS OF PROMISING UTTERANCES IN BARACK OBAMA
SPEECES. RESEARCH PAPER. MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF
SURAKARTA. 2013.
The study aims to describe the pragmalinguistics forms of promising
utterances in Barack Obama speeches and to investigate illocutionary acts of
promising utterances in Barack Obama speeches.The object of this study is
promising utterance in five speeches of Barack Obama. This research belongs to
qualitative research.In analyzing the promising utterance, the researcher:
described the pragmalinguistics forms of promising utterance; identified and
discussed illocutionary acts of promising utterance and drow conclusion and
suggestion based on the analysis. As for the pragmalinguistic forms of promising
utterances, the researcher found 36 data of constantive form (the percentage is
92%) and 3 data of pervormative form of promising utterance(the precentage is
8%). According the intention of the speakers, the researcher finds the intention
such as reconfirming (the percentage is 3%), influencing (the percentage is 3%),
offering (the percentage is 5%), assuring (the percentage is 43%) and affirming
(the percentage is 46%).
Keywords: pragmatics, promising utterance, speech act
xii
List of Technical Terms
D
= Data
S1
= Speech 1
S2
= Speech 2
S3
= Speech 3
S4
= Speech 4
S5
= Speech 5
WI
= Speech Title (Remarks by the President on Ending the War in Iraq
(October 21st 2011))
DF
= Speech Title (Obama speech on the Deficit (April 13rd 2011))
CoJ
= Speech Title (Obama speech to Congress on Jobs (September 8th 2011))
ESC
= Speech Title (President Barack Obama's 2012 election night victory
speech in Chicago (November 7th 2012))
GCR = Speech Title (President Obama’s Speech on Gun Control and Reform
(Desember 19th 2012))
01- 48 = Number of Data
xiii