THE EFFECT OF APPLYING THINK-TALK-WRITE STRATEGY ON STUDENTS ACHIEVEMENT IN WRITING DESCRIPTIVE TEXT.
THE EFFECT OF APPLYING THINK-TALK-WRITE STRATEGY
ON STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN WRITING
DESCRIPTIVE TEXT
A THESIS
Submitted to the English Department, Faculty of Languages and
Arts, State University of Medan, in Partial Fulfillment of the
Requirement for the Degree of Sarjana Pendidikan
By
INDAH PRATIWI
Reg. Number 2103121023
ENGLISH EDUCATION AND LITERATURE DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF LANGUAGES AND ARTS
STATE UNIVERSITY OF MEDAN
2014
DECLARATION
I have familiarized myself with the University’s Policy on Academic integrity.
Except where appropriately acknowledged, this thesis is my own work, has been
expressed in my own words, and has not been previously been submitted for
assessment.
I understand that this paper may be screened electronically or otherwise for
plagiarism.
Medan,
September 2014
Indah Pratiwi
Reg.No.2103121023
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The greatest thankfulness is given to Allah SWT who always gives the writer
strength, hope, and health during the completing of this thesis. This thesis has been
written in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Sarjana Pendidikan at
English Department of Faculty of Languages and Arts, State University of Medan.
This thesis would not have been completed without the help, support, advice,
guidance, suggestion and comments from several people for which the writer would
like to extend her sincere and special thanks. Her special gratitude is especially
extend to:
Prof. Dr. Ibnu Hajar Damanik, M.Si, the Rector of State University of
Medan.
Dr. Isda Pramuniati, M.Hum, the Dean of Languages and Arts Faculty.
Prof. Dr. Hj. Sumarsih, M.Pd, the Head of English Department, Rika, S.Pd.,
M.Hum the Secretary of English Department and Dra. Masitowarni Siregar,
M.Ed, the Head of English Education Study Program.
Prof. Dr. Lince Sihombing, M.Pd, her Thesis Consultant.
Drs. Elia Masa Ginting, M.Hum, her Academic Advisor.
Ahmad Safwan, S.Sos.I., S.Pd.I, the Headmaster of SMA Swasta Al-Fattah
Medan and the English teacher Yuni Shintya.
Surya Dharma Sarif and Elfriana, her beloved parents, for their great
patience, endless love, never ending support, care, advices, prayers and
everything they have given to the writer in her entire life.
Fahrul Rozy and Ega Ibra, her brothers for their everlasting love, care and
support.
HIJABERS GIRLS (Bunda, Adek, Bulek, Filzah and Riza) and also Deby,
Fauzi, Windy, Indah, Piqqa, Ungek, as her best friends for their laughs,
support, motivation, nice friendship and great moments that we had spent
together.
ii
Last but not least, special thanks is given to all friends in English Department,
especially in class Reguler C 2010, who cannot be mentioned one by one,
thanks for help, motivation and comment during academic years.
The writer hopes this thesis will be useful for those who read it, especially
for the student of English and Literature Department.
Medan, August 2014
The Writer,
Indah Pratiwi
2103121023
iii
ABSTRACT
Pratiwi, Indah, 2103121023. 2014. The Effect of Applying Think-Talk-Write
Strategy on Students’ Achievement in Writing Descriptive Text. A Thesis.
English and Literature Department. Faculty of Languages and Arts, State
University of Medan.
This study is an attempt to discover the effect of applying Think-TalkWrite strategy on students’ achievement in writing descriptive text. The objective
of this study were to find out whether applying Think-Talk-Write strategy affect
the students’ achievement in writing descriptive text. This study was an
experimental research. In conducting the research, the writer used 60 students of
Al-Fattah Senior High School Medan as the sample. The 60 students were taken
from two classes and they were divided into two groups namely the experimental
group who was taught by using Think-Talk-Write strategy and the control group
who was taught without Think-Talk-Write strategy. The data of the test were
collected by administering written test. The data were analyzed by using t-test
formula. The result of the analysis shows that the value of t-observed is higher
than the value of t-table (2,3> 2,00 (α = 0.05)) with the degree of freedom (df) =
N-2 = 58. It means that there is significant effect of applying Think-Talk-Write
strategy on students’ achievement in writing descriptive text. So the alternative
hypothesis (Ha) is accepted. The conclusion is that applying Think-Talk-Write
strategy can encourage and increase the students’ achievement in writing
descriptive text.
Keywords: TTW Strategy, Students’ Achievement, Descriptive Text
i
LIST OF TABLES
Table 2.1 Example of Descriptive Text ....................................................
15
Table 3.1 Research Design ........................................................................
23
Table 3.2 Teaching Procedure of Experimental Group ..........................
25
Table 3.3 Teaching Procedure of Control Group ....................................
26
Table 3.4 Scoring of Writing Test ............................................................
30
Table 4.1 Pre-Test and Post-Test Score of Experimental Group ............
32
Table 4.2 Pre-Test and Post-Test Score of Control Group......................
33
v
APPENDIX A
Instruction for Pre-Test and Post-Test
a. Experimental Group
- Write a good description text about your family or favorite actress!
b. Control Group
- Write a good description text about your family or favorite actress!
APPENDIX B
a. Students’ score of pre-test and post-test of Experimental Group
No
Students' Initial Name
Pre-Test
Post test
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
AP
AP
AJB
AW
AJ
AP
AL
CAP
DS
DA
DM
DO
DD
ERA
HD
HA
IP
JAG
MP
NA
NDS
NW
NAE
NIS
PN
SH
SP
TA
TMF
TH
TOTAL (Σ )
34
62
50
66
34
72
72
79
41
60
56
70
78
40
51
45
65
61
64
34
50
51
74
66
69
68
59
69
74
62
1776
68
66
76
81
79
81
76
84
64
72
70
83
82
79
91
75
80
62
86
88
64
66
85
85
92
86
65
88
90
66
2330
MEAN (X)
59.2
77.66
b. Students’ score of pre-test and post-test of Control Group
No
Students' Initial Name
Pre-Test
Post test
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
AAF
AL
CFC
EPK
EW
FL
FS
GP
HP
HH
IR
IAA
LH
MN
MA
MFS
MRW
NDP
PCG
QAA
RH
RS
SW
SR
TRA
TB
TW
WH
YF
ZM
TOTAL (Σ )
34
47
34
34
71
41
54
52
74
64
74
74
34
43
37
65
67
70
64
56
57
53
47
34
48
64
75
34
34
43
1578
58
79
58
48
78
50
70
59
85
84
81
83
51
48
60
71
78
83
74
79
82
85
65
64
63
71
88
47
60
65
2067
MEAN (X)
52.6
68.9
APPENDIX C
The Calculation of t-test
a. Experimental Group
No
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
Total
(Σ)
Mean
Pre-Test
Post test
Deviation
(d)
34
62
50
66
34
72
72
79
41
60
56
70
78
40
51
45
65
61
64
34
50
51
74
66
69
68
59
69
74
62
1776
68
66
76
81
79
81
76
84
64
72
70
83
82
79
91
75
80
62
86
88
64
66
85
85
92
86
65
88
90
66
2330
34
4
26
15
45
9
4
5
23
12
14
13
4
39
40
30
15
1
22
54
14
15
11
19
23
18
6
19
16
4
554
59.2
77.66
d-Mx
15,5
-14,5
7,5
-3,5
26,5
-9,5
-14,5
-13,5
4,5
-6,5
-4,5
-5,5
-14,5
20,5
21,5
11,5
-3
-17,5
3,5
35,5
-4,5
-3,5
-7,5
0,5
4,5
-0,5
-12,5
0,5
-2,5
-14,5
Squared of
deviation
(dx²)
240,25
210,25
56,25
12,25
702,25
90,25
210,25
182,25
20,25
42,25
20,25
30,25
210,25
420,25
462,25
132,25
9
306,25
12,25
1260,25
20,25
12,25
56,25
0,25
20,25
0,25
156,25
0,25
6,25
240,25
5142,25
��
Mx =
d = Σd2-
�
554
=
Σ� ²
�
= 5142,25 –
30
= 18,5
306916
30
=5132
b. Control Group
No
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
Pre-Test
34
47
34
34
71
41
54
52
74
64
65
74
34
43
37
65
67
70
64
56
57
53
47
34
48
64
75
34
34
Post test
58
75
58
48
78
50
64
59
75
71
74
76
51
48
54
69
75
75
74
69
77
70
65
52
63
71
88
47
48
Deviation
(d)
d-My
24
28
24
14
7
9
10
7
1
7
9
2
17
5
17
4
8
5
10
13
20
17
18
18
15
7
13
13
14
7,7
15,4
7,7
-2,3
-9,3
-7,3
-2,6
-9,3
-11,6
-5,6
-3,6
-10,6
0,7
-11,3
4,4
-8,6
-4,6
-7,6
-6,3
0,4
-2,6
3,4
1,7
5,4
-1,3
-9,3
-3,3
-3,3
1,4
Squared of
deviation
(dy²)
59,29
237,16
59,29
5,29
86,49
53,29
6,76
86,49
134,56
31,36
12,96
112,36
0,49
127,69
19,36
73,96
21,16
57,76
39,69
0,16
6,76
11,56
2,89
29,16
1,69
86,49
10,89
10,89
1,96
30
Total
(Σ)
Mean
My =
43
1578
65
2067
52.6
68.9
22
378
��
d = Σ d2 -
�
378
=
=12,6
MX
= 18,5
dX
= 5132
��
= 30
MY
= 12,6
dY
= 944,3
NY
= 30
Mx− My
t=
∑d X 2 +∑d Y 2
N X +N −2
Y
1
1
+
NX NY
18,5−12,6
5142 ,25 +1420 ,3
30 +30 −2
t=
Σ� ²
= 944,3
From the data above:
t=
32,49
1420,3
�
= 1420,3-
30
t=
5,7
5,9
6562 ,5
58
2
30
5,9
113,14 (0,06)
1
30
1
+ 30
142884
30
t=
t=
5,9
6,78
5,9
2,6
t = 2,26
t = 2,3
APPENDIX D
LESSON PLAN
(EXPERIMENTAL GROUP)
School
Class
Subject
Topic
Time
Meeting
: SMA AL-FATTAH
:X
: English
: Descriptive Text
: 2 x 45 minutes
:1
A. Standard Competency :
Expressing meaning in written text of descriptive text in the context of
situation in daily life.
B. Basic Competency :
Expressing meaning in written text of descriptive text in the context of daily
life in descriptive form.
C. Indicators :
1. Students are able to identify the social function, the generic structure, and
language features of descriptive text.
2. Students are able to describe about people in written form.
D. Learning Objective :
At the end of the learning process, students are able to :
1) Identify the social function, the generic structure, and language features of
descriptive text.
2) Describe about people in written form.
E. Teaching Material
1) Descriptive Text is a text that describes the features of someone,
something, or certain place.
2) Generic structure of descriptive text
-
Identification : identifies phenomenon that will be describe
-
Description : describe about parts, qualities or characteristics of
something or someone in detail.
3) Linguistics features of descriptive text.
-
Using present tense, past tense to describe something in the past.
-
Using relating verbs in giving information
-
Using adjective, adverb, and adverbial phrases
4) The example of simple descriptive text.
DORAEMON
Doraemon is one of cartoon character from Japan.
Identification
Doraemons film usually show on sunday morning.
Doraemon is a robot likes cat who come from 22nd
century of the future.
Doraemons colour is blue. He doesn't had ear
because a rat was eat his ears. Doraemon has round
head and red nose likes chery fruit. Doraemon has a
fourth-dimensional pocket on his abdomen frow
which is can take out many amazing tools.
Doraemon was send back to the 20th century
Description
because Nobita's grandson can't bear to see his
grandfather suffer. So he sent Doraemon to help out
Nobita's
troubles
with
Doraemon
miraculous
pocket. Doraemons favorite food is dorayaki and he
usually eat Dorayaki everyday.
Although Doraemon eat very much, his weight still
129,3 kg and his tall still in 129.3 cm since his born
until the end.
Teaching Method :
-
Think-Talk-Write Strategy
F. Teaching and Learning activities :
ACTIVITES
TIME
Opening
Apperception
Greetings and checks absent.
Teacher gives motivation and brainstorming
10 minutes
Main Activity
Teacher introduce the material “ descriptive
text “
Teacher gave explanation about a descriptive
text and generic structure of it.
Teacher explains an example of descriptive
text and then asked the students to check
their understanding.
Teacher divides students into several group,
one group consisted of 3-5 students. Then the
teacher gave a topic to be described.
“Member Family or Favorite Actress”
Teacher asks student to think about the topic
and made a small note individually. (Think)
Teacher asks the students to interact in their
group and talk about their opinion,
knowledge, and idea about the topic. (Talk)
Teacher asks students to write the result of
their discussion based on the generic
structure of descriptive text. (Write)
70 minutes
Closing
The teacher asks the students what they have
learned from descriptive text.
The students summarize what they have
10 minutes
learned about descriptive text.
Enrichment
G. Source : Text book, Text from internet
H. Media : Whiteboard, Marker,paper test
I.
Assessment
1. Form of pre – test : written test
2. Instrument :
1. Identify the social function, language features, and generic
structure of the following text:
My Sphynx Cat
My Sphynx cat is the only pet I have. He has a little
hair but is not totally hairless as he has a peach fuzz over
much of his body. His coat is often a warm chamois. My
Sphynx has a normal cat proportion.
I like his tail although my mom say that it is like a
rats tail. I love his usual color varieties including,
tortoiseshell, chocolate, black, blue, lilac, chocolate etc. He
is really an amazing cat. Believe it or not, he is very
intelligent cat. He can respond my voice commands.
He is really funny as well as my friends get a joke. I
love him so much as I love my mother.
2. Choose one from these topics and write a good descriptive
text!
a. President of Indonesia
b. Syahrini
c. Hello Kitty
J.
Scoring :
Scoring
Criteria
Indicator
Score
Aspects
Max.
Score
Identification
Generic Structure
The total of
25
Generic
Description
50
Structure which
are found in the
25
text
Language Features
present
tense
Relational
Verbs
conjunction
adjectives
The total of
Language
50
50
Features which
are found in the
text
100
Total Score
Scoring
Aspects
Criteria
Indicator
Identification
Mention the
special
participant.
Mention the part
of
being
described.
Mention
the
quality of being
described.
Mention
the
characteristics of
being described.
Description
Organization
(The Generic
Structure)
Score
Max.
Score
15
40
25
present tense
Relational Verbs
conjunction
adjectives
Language
Features
(The Linguistic
Features )
Mechanics
35
Preposition
Articles
Capitalization
Punctuation
Spelling
25
Total Score
No
100
Respondent’s
Number
Component
O
LU
M
Total Score
Where :
O = Organization , LU = Language Use , M = Mechanics
Medan,
August 2014
Researcher as the teacher
Indah Pratiwi
NIM. 2103121023
LESSON PLAN
School
Class
Subject
Topic
Time
Meeting
: SMA AL-FATTAH
:X
: English
: Descriptive Text
: 2 x 45 minutes
:2
A. Standard Competency :
Expressing meaning in written text of descriptive text in the context of
situation in daily life.
B. Basic Competency :
Expressing meaning in written text of descriptive text in the context of daily
life in descriptive form.
C. Indicators :
1. Students are able to identify the social function, the generic structure,
and language features of descriptive text.
2. Students are able to describe about people in written form.
D. Learning Objective :
At the end of the learning process, students are able to :
1) Identify the social function, the generic structure, and language features of
descriptive text.
2) Describe about people in written form.
E. Teaching Material
1) Descriptive Text is a text that describes the features of someone,
something, or certain place.
2) Generic structure of descriptive text
-
Identification : identifies phenomenon that will be describe
-
Description : describe about parts, qualities or characteristics of
something or someone in detail.
3) Linguistics features of descriptive text.
-
Using present tense, past tense to describe something in the past.
-
Using relating verbs in giving information
-
Using adjective, adverb, and adverbial phrases
4) The example of simple descriptive text.
MY DESKMATE
Iklima Maharani is my classmate. I call her Hara.
Identification
She is my best friend. She is the first child of Mr.
Abdul Rozzak and Mrs. Titi Laeliyah. She lives in
Kedawung village.
Hara is fair-skinned. She is a slim girl of average
height. She is 16 years old on 19 November 2012.
She has long hair, but she always wears headscarf
and makes the other people can’t see he hair. She
has medium nose. Her face is oval. She wears
glasses because she has far-sighted eyes. She looks
more pretty with her glasses.
Description
Hara is an attractive and cheerful girl. She has an
easy going personality and friendly. Hara isn’t
stingy girl. She is generous. When she has food, she
usually shares it to her friends. But, she is quicktempered person when worry about something and
didn’t care with the other people. But, actually she
is a kind girl.
Teaching Method :
-
Think-Talk-Write Strategy
F. Teaching and Learning activities :
ACTIVITES
TIME
Opening
Apperception
Greetings and checks absent.
Teacher gives motivation and brainstorming
10 minutes
Main Activity
Teacher introduce the material “ descriptive
text “
Teacher gave explanation about a descriptive
text and generic structure of it.
Teacher explains an example of descriptive
70 minutes
text and then asked the students to check
their understanding.
Teacher divides students into several group,
one group consisted of 3-5 students. Then the
teacher gave a topic to be described.
“Member Family or Favorite Actress”
Teacher asks student to think about the topic
and made a small note individually. (Think)
Teacher asks the students to interact in their
group and talk about their opinion,
knowledge, and idea about the topic. (Talk)
Teacher asks students to write the result of
their discussion based on the generic
structure of descriptive text. (Write)
Closing
The teacher asks the students what they have
learned from descriptive text.
The students summarize what they have
10 minutes
learned about descriptive text.
Enrichment
G. Source : Text book, Text from internet
H. Media : Whiteboard, Marker, paper test
I.
Assessment
1. Form of pre – test : written test
2. Instrument :
1. Identify the social function, language features, and
generic structure of the following text:
Mrs. Debby Magdelena
Mrs. Debby Magdelena is one of the successful carrier
woman. She is the new sales manager for Jakarta sales
office of Le Meridean Nirwana Golf and Spa Resort.
Mrs. Debby Magdalena holds her new position as from
Marc 2nd, 2009. Prior to her assignment at Le Meredian
Nirwana Golf and Spa Resort, she was the sales
manager at Novotel Nusa Dua’s Jakarta sales office.
Prior to that, she worked at a number of reputable hotels
such as Radison Hotel Jakarta, Aston Hotel Jakarta, and
Novotel Nusa Dua Bali.
Born in Jakarta, she is a graduate of BPLP Bandung
majoring hotel management and of Dwipa Wacana
University in majoring management. With her strong
background in reservations, front office and sales she
will be a valuable asset to Le Meridian Nirvana Golf
and Spa Resort. As the sales representative in Jakarta,
she will be based at Le Meridian Jakarta Hotel.
2. Choose one from these topics and write a good
descriptive text!
a. Ariel “NOAH”
b. Spongebob
c. Mother
J. Scoring :
Scoring
Criteria
Indicator
Score
Aspects
Max.
Score
Identification
Generic Structure
The total of
25
Generic
Description
50
Structure which
are found in the
25
text
Language Features
present
tense
Relational
Verbs
conjunction
adjectives
The total of
Language
50
50
Features which
are found in the
text
100
Total Score
Scoring
Aspects
Criteria
Indicator
Identification
Mention the
special
participant.
Mention the part
of
being
described.
Mention
the
quality of being
described.
Mention
the
characteristics of
being described.
Description
Organization
(The Generic
Structure)
Score
Max.
Score
15
40
25
present tense
Relational Verbs
conjunction
adjectives
Language
Features
(The Linguistic
Features )
Mechanics
35
Preposition
Articles
Capitalization
Punctuation
Spelling
25
Total Score
No
100
Respondent’s
Number
Component
O
LU
M
Total Score
Where :
O = Organization , LU = Language Use , M = Mechanics
Medan,
August 2014
Researcher as the teacher
Indah Pratiwi
NIM. 2103121023
LESSON PLAN
School
Class
Subject
Topic
Time
Meeting
: SMA AL-FATTAH
:X
: English
: Descriptive Text
: 2 x 45 minutes
:3
A. Standard Competency :
Expressing meaning in written text of descriptive text in the context of
situation in daily life.
B. Basic Competency :
Expressing meaning in written text of descriptive text in the context of daily
life in descriptive form.
C. Indicators :
1. Students are able to identify the social function, the generic structure,
and language features of descriptive text.
2. Students are able to describe about people in written form.
D. Learning Objective :
At the end of the learning process, students are able to :
1) Identify the social function, the generic structure, and language features of
descriptive text.
2) Describe about people in written form.
E. Teaching Material :
Types of descriptive writing :
1) Description of place
The best way to describe the place is by presenting concrete. For example
home and school. Further, it is essential to describe the size and agreement
of space involved.
2) Description of people
To describe human beings appearances or physical point of view by their
personalities, values, and motivation as well as by their looks and the
sounds of their voices.
3) Description of thing ( Object )
The best way to describe an accurate object ( thing ) is by providing the
physical characteristics of an object ( thing ) such as the colors, forms,
shapes, and so on.
From the types of descriptive writing elaborate above the teacher only
focuses on describing objects. In the case, the teacher will ask the students
to describe a cartoon characters based on picture provided by the teacher.
Teaching Method :
-
Think-Talk-Write Strategy
F. Teaching and Learning Activities :
ACTIVITES
TIME
Opening
Apperception
Greetings and checks absent.
Teacher gives motivation and
brainstorming
Main Activity
Teacher introduce the material “
descriptive text “
10 minutes
Teacher gave explanation about a
descriptive text and generic structure of it.
Teacher explains an example of
70 minutes
descriptive text and then asked the students
to check their understanding.
Teacher divides students into several
group, one group consisted of 3-5 students.
Then the teacher gave a topic to be
described. “Member Family or Favorite
Actress”
Teacher asks student to think about the
topic and made a small note individually.
(Think)
Teacher asks the students to interact in
their group and talk about their opinion,
knowledge, and idea about the topic.
(Talk)
Teacher asks students to write the result of
their discussion based on the generic
structure of descriptive text. (Write)
Closing
The teacher asks the students what they
have learned from descriptive text.
The students summarize what they have
learned about descriptive text.
Enrichment
G. Source : Text book, Text from internet
H. Media : Whiteboard, Marker, paper test
10 inutes
I.
Assessment
1. Form of pre – test : written test
2. Instrument :
1. Identify the social function, language features, and
generic structure of the following text:
Irene Kharisma Sukandar
Irene Kharisma Sukandar is to be the most
successful woman chess player in Indonesia. Just in
her age of 17, she has become champions in many
tournaments. She has got many trophies and medals
from both national and international titles. She is the
first Indonesia’s Woman Grand Master (WGM).
First she was drawn to play chess by her elder
brother, Kaisar Genius Hakiki. Although she begins
to play chess at relatively senior age of 7, her talent
becomes evident early on.
For Irene, playing chess is something good to do.
She disagrees with many Indonesian people who
associate chess with a lack of productivity, for
example as a game for the unemployed. She proves
that she earns many things from that game. By
playing she received Rp 500 million in bonus prize
money for her contribution to her province at the
national games.
Irene, who is still noted as a student at Nusantara
Senior High School Jakarta, enjoys reading,
swimming, and learning Mandarin Language. She
does those activities when she is not notching up
international chess titles.
2. Choose one from these topics and write a good
descriptive text!
a. Ronaldo
b. Agnes Monica
c. Monkey
J. Scoring :
Scoring
Criteria
Indicator
Score
Aspects
Max.
Score
Identification
Generic Structure
The total of
25
Generic
Description
50
Structure which
are found in the
25
text
Language Features
present
tense
Relational
Verbs
conjunction
adjectives
The total of
Language
50
50
Features which
are found in the
text
100
Total Score
Scoring
Aspects
Criteria
Indicator
Identification
Mention the
special
participant.
Mention the part
of
being
described.
Mention
the
quality of being
described.
Mention
the
characteristics of
being described.
Description
Organization
(The Generic
Structure)
Score
Max.
Score
15
40
25
present tense
Relational Verbs
conjunction
adjectives
Language
Features
(The Linguistic
Features )
Mechanics
35
Preposition
Articles
Capitalization
Punctuation
Spelling
25
Total Score
No
100
Respondent’s
Number
Component
O
LU
M
Total Score
Where :
O = Organization , LU = Language Use , M = Mechanics
Medan,
August 2014
Researcher as the teacher
Indah Pratiwi
NIM. 2103121023
LESSON PLAN
School
Class
Subject
Topic
Time
Meeting
: SMA AL-FATTAH
:X
: English
: Descriptive Text
: 2 x 45 minutes
:4
A. Standard Competency :
Expressing meaning in written text of descriptive text in the context of
situation in daily life.
B. Basic Competency :
Expressing meaning in written text of descriptive text in the context of daily
life in descriptive form.
C. Indicators :
1. Students are able to identify the social function, the generic structure,
and language features of descriptive text.
2. Students are able to describe about people in written form.
D. Learning Objective :
At the end of the learning process, students are able to :
1) Identify the social function, the generic structure, and language
features of descriptive text.
2) Describe about people in written form.
E. Teaching Material
1) Descriptive Text is a text that describes the features of someone,
something, or certain place.
2) Generic structure of descriptive text
-
Identification : identifies phenomenon that will be describe
-
Description : describe about parts, qualities or characteristics of
something or someone in detail.
3) Linguistics features of descriptive text.
-
Using present tense, past tense to describe something in the past.
-
Using relating verbs in giving information
-
Using adjective, adverb, and adverbial phrases
Teaching Method :
-
Think-Talk-Write Strategy
F. Teaching and Learning Activities :
ACTIVITES
TIME
Opening
Apperception
Greetings and checks absent.
Teacher gives motivation and
10 minutes
brainstorming
Main Activity
Teacher introduce the material “
descriptive text “
Teacher gave explanation about a
descriptive text and generic structure of it.
Teacher explains an example of
descriptive text and then asked the students
to check their understanding.
Teacher divides students into several
group, one group consisted of 3-5 students.
Then the teacher gave a topic to be
described. “Member Family or Favorite
Actress”
70 minutes
Teacher asks student to think about the
topic and made a small note individually.
(Think)
Teacher asks the students to interact in
their group and talk about their opinion,
knowledge, and idea about the topic.
(Talk)
Teacher asks students to write the result of
their discussion based on the generic
structure of descriptive text. (Write)
Closing
The teacher asks the students what they
have learned from descriptive text.
The students summarize what they have
11 inutes
learned about descriptive text.
Enrichment
G. Source : Text book, Text from internet
H. Media : Whiteboard, Marker, paper test
I.
Assessment
1. Form of pre – test : written test
2. Instrument :
1. Identify the social function, language features,
and generic structure of the following text:
Agnes Monica
Agnes Monica was born in Jakarta, Indonesia,
on July 1,1986. Her full name is Agnes Monica
Sukma, but she is well known as Agnes Monica.
Her parents are Ricky Muljoto and Jenny
Siswono and they are 100% behind her in
everything she does. Agnes Monica has only
one sibling. His name is Steve Muljoto. He is
about nine years older than Agnes. Despite her
young age, Agnes has already released three
albums, Si Meong, Yess, and Bala-Bala. She
also became a TV presenter. When she was 15,
she played a significant role in a TV series
called Pernikahan Dini. She received several
awards for her role as Dini. Agnes Monica
continues producing more albums and acting.
She become more famous everyday. Thousand
of her fans attend her concerts.
2. Choose one from these topics and write a good
descriptive text!
a. David Beckham
b. Krisdayanti
c. Mickey Mouse
J. Scoring :
Scoring
Criteria
Indicator
Score
Aspects
Score
Identification
Generic Structure
Max.
Description
The total of
25
Generic
50
Structure which
are found in the
25
text
Language Features
present
tense
Relational
Verbs
conjunction
The total of
Language
Features which
50
50
adjectives
are found in the
text
100
Total Score
Scoring
Aspects
Criteria
Indicator
Identification
Mention the
special
participant.
Mention the part
of
being
described.
Mention
the
quality of being
described.
Mention
the
characteristics of
being described.
present tense
Relational Verbs
conjunction
adjectives
Description
Organization
(The Generic
Structure)
Language
Features
(The Linguistic
Features )
Mechanics
Preposition
Articles
Capitalization
Punctuation
Spelling
Total Score
No
Max.
Score
15
40
25
35
25
100
Respondent’s
Number
Score
Component
O
LU
M
Total Score
Where :
O = Organization , LU = Language Use , M = Mechanics
Medan,
August 2014
Researcher as the teacher
Indah Pratiwi
NIM. 2103121023
APPENDIX E
LESSON PLAN
( CONTROL GROUP )
School
Class
Subject
Topic
Time
Meeting
: SMA AL-FATTAH
:X
: English
: Descriptive Text
: 2 x 45 minutes
:1
A. Standard Competency :
Expressing meaning in written text of descriptive text in the context of
situation in daily life.
B. Basic Competency :
Expressing meaning in written text of descriptive text in the context of daily
life in descriptive form.
C. Indicators :
1. Students are able to identify the social function, the generic
structure, and language features of descriptive text.
2. Students are able to describe about people in written form.
D. Learning Objective :
At the end of the learning process, students are able to :
1) Identify the social function, the generic structure, and language
features of descriptive text.
2) Describe about people in written form.
E. Teaching Material
1) Descriptive Text is a text that describes the features of someone,
something, or certain place.
2) Generic structure of descriptive text
-
Identification : identifies phenomenon that will be describe
-
Description : describe about parts, qualities or characteristics of
something or someone in detail.
3) Linguistics features of descriptive text.
-
Using present tense, past tense to describe something in the past.
-
Using relating verbs in giving information
-
Using adjective, adverb, and adverbial phrases
Teaching Method :
-
Conventional Method
F. Teaching and Learning activities :
ACTIVITES
TIME
Opening
Apperception
Greetings and checks absent.
Teacher gives motivation and brainstorming
10 minutes
Main Activity
Teacher introduce the material “ descriptive
text “
Teacher gives question that relate prior
knowledge with material that will be studied
Teacher gives an example of descriptive text.
Teacher gives the test paper to each students
Teacher gives the instruction to do the test to
the students how to make a descriptive text
Teacher asked the students to analyze the
descriptive text.
Closing
The teacher asks the students what they have
70 minutes
learned from descriptive text.
The students summarize what they have
10 inutes
learned about descriptive text.
Enrichment
G. Source : Text book, Text from internet
H. Media : Whiteboard, Marker, paper test
I. Assessment
1. Form of pre – test : written test
2. Instrument :
1. Identify the social function, language features,
and generic structure of the following text:
Selena Gomez
Her name is Selena Marie Gomez. She's
usually called Selena Gomez or Miss Gomez.
She was born on 22 July 1992 in Grand Praire,
Texas, USA. Selena Gomez is a singer,
songwriter, and American Actress. She sings for
some soundtracks, like Cinderella and Tinker
Bell. Her performance as an actress can be seen
at Cinderella Story DVD version. Miss Gomez
has red hair, pointed nose, and slim body. She
looks beautiful while she is smiling. She is also
famous with her Latin face. Selena Gomez
doesn't have siblings. She's the only child in her
family. Her father's name is Ricardo Gomez and
her mother's name is Mandy Cornett.
2. Choose one from these topics and write a good
descriptive text!
a. Justin Bieber
b. Naruto
c. Raisa
J. Scoring :
Scoring
Criteria
Indicator
Score
Aspects
Max.
Score
Identification
Generic Structure
The total of
25
Generic
Description
50
Structure which
are found in the
25
text
Language Features
present
tense
Relational
Verbs
conjunction
adjectives
The total of
Language
50
50
Features which
are found in the
text
100
Total Score
Scoring
Aspects
Criteria
Indicator
Identification
Mention the
special
participant.
Mention the part
of
being
described.
Mention
the
quality of being
described.
Mention
the
characteristics of
being described.
Description
Organization
(The Generic
Structure)
Score
Max.
Score
15
40
25
present tense
Relational Verbs
conjunction
adjectives
Language
Features
(The Linguistic
Features )
Mechanics
35
Preposition
Articles
Capitalization
Punctuation
Spelling
25
Total Score
No
100
Respondent’s
Number
Component
O
LU
M
Total Score
Where :
O = Organization , LU = Language Use , M = Mechanics
Medan,
August 2014
Researcher as the teacher
Indah Pratiwi
NIM. 2103121023
LESSON PLAN
School
Class
Subject
Topic
Time
Meeting
: SMA AL-FATTAH
:X
: English
: Descriptive Text
: 2 x 45 minutes
:2
A. Standard Competency :
Expressing meaning in written text of descriptive text in the context of
situation in daily life.
B. Basic Competency :
Expressing meaning in written text of descriptive text in the context of daily
life in descriptive form.
C. Indicators :
1. Students are able to identify the social function, the generic structure,
and language features of descriptive text.
2. Students are able to describe about people in written form.
D. Learning Objective :
At the end of the learning process, students are able to :
1) Identify the social function, the generic structure, and language
features of descriptive text.
2) Describe about people in written form.
E. Teaching Material
1) Descriptive Text is a text that describes the features of someone,
something, or certain place.
2) Generic structure of descriptive text
-
Identification : identifies phenomenon that will be describe
-
Description : describe about parts, qualities or characteristics of
something or someone in detail.
3) Linguistics features of descriptive text.
-
Using present tense, past tense to describe something in the past.
-
Using relating verbs in giving information
-
Using adjective, adverb, and adverbial phrases
Teaching Method :
-
Conventional Method
F. Teaching and Learning activities :
ACTIVITES
TIME
Opening
Apperception
Greetings and checks absent.
Teacher gives motivation and brainstorming
10 minutes
Main Activity
Teacher introduce the material “ descriptive
text “
Teacher gives question that relate prior
knowledge with material that will be studied
Teacher gives an example of descriptive text.
Teacher gives the test paper to each students
Teacher gives the instruction to do the test to
70 minutes
the students how to make a descriptive text
Teacher asked the students to analyze the
descriptive text.
Closing
The teacher asks the students what they have
learned from descriptive text.
The students summarize what they have
11 inutes
learned about descriptive text.
Enrichment
G. Source : Text book, Text from internet
H. Media : Whiteboard, Marker, paper test
I. Assessment
1. Form of pre – test : written test
2. Instrument :
1. Identify the social function, language
features, and generic structure of the
following text:
Barrack Obama
His full name is Barack Hussein
Obama. People often calls him Barack
Obama or Obama only. He is AfricanAmerican. He was born on 4 August 1961 in
Honolulu, USA. Obama is quite tall, 183
cm. He has oval face, baldheaded, and black
skin. His face looks patient and strong. He
always keep smiles when he gives speech.
Obama has got married to Michelle. They
have 2 daughters, Malia and Natasha
Obama. Obama’s hobby is having sport. He
likes playing golf in his spare time. Obama
also loves blogging. He writes on his twitter
quite often.
2. Choose one from these topics and write a
good descriptive text!
a. Britney Spears
b. Smash
c. Coboy Junior
J. Scoring :
Scoring
Criteria
Indicator
Score
Aspects
Max.
Score
Identification
Generic Structure
The total of
25
Generic
Description
50
Structure which
are found in the
25
text
Language Features
present
tense
Relational
Verbs
conjunction
adjectives
The total of
Language
50
50
Features which
are found in the
text
100
Total Score
Scoring
Aspects
Criteria
Indicator
Identification
Mention the
special
participant.
Mention the part
of
being
described.
Mention
the
quality of being
described.
Mention
the
characteristics of
being described.
Description
Organization
(The Generic
Structure)
Score
Max.
Score
15
40
25
present tense
Relational Verbs
conjunction
adjectives
Language
Features
(The Linguistic
Features )
Mechanics
35
Preposition
Articles
Capitalization
Punctuation
Spelling
25
Total Score
No
100
Respondent’s
Number
Component
O
LU
M
Total Score
Where :
O = Organization , LU = Language Use , M = Mechanics
Medan,
August 2014
Researcher as the teacher
Indah Pratiwi
NIM. 2103121023
LESSON PLAN
School
Class
Subject
Topic
Time
Meeting
: SMA AL-FATTAH
:X
: English
: Descriptive Text
: 2 x 45 minutes
:3
A. Standard Competency :
Expressing meaning in written text of descriptive text in the context of
situation in daily life.
B. Basic Competency :
Expressing meaning in written text of descriptive text in the context of daily
life in descriptive form.
C. Indicators :
1. Students are able to identify the social function, the generic
structure, and language features of descriptive text.
2. Students are able to describe about people in written form.
D. Learning Objective :
At the end of the learning process, students are able to :
1. Identify the social function, the generic structure, and language
features of descriptive text.
2. Describe about people in written form.
E. Teaching Material
1) Descriptive Text is a text that describes the features of
someone, something, or certain place.
2) Generic structure of descriptive text
-
Identification : identifies phenomenon that will be describe
-
Description : describe about parts, qualities or characteristics of
something or someone in detail.
3) Linguistics features of descriptive text.
-
Using present tense, past tense to describe something in the past.
-
Using relating verbs in giving information
-
Using adjective, adverb, and adverbial phrases
Teaching Method :
-
Conventional Method
F. Teaching and Learning activities :
ACTIVITES
TIME
Opening
Apperception
Greetings and checks absent.
Teacher gives motivation and brainstorming
10 minutes
Main Activity
Teacher introduce the material “ descriptive
text “
Teacher gives question that relate prior
knowledge with material that will be studied
Teacher gives an example of descriptive text.
Teacher gives the test paper to each students
Teacher gives the instruction to do the test to
70 minutes
the students how to make a descriptive text
Teacher asked the students to analyze the
descriptive text.
Closing
The teacher asks the students what they have
learned from descriptive text.
The students summarize what they have
12 inutes
learned about descriptive text.
Enrichment
G. Source : Text book, Text from internet
H. Media : Whiteboard, Marker, paper test
I. Assessment
1. Form of pre – test : written test
2. Instrument :
1. Identify the social function, language features, and
generic structure of the following text:
Ayu TingTing
She is very popular among Indonesian people as
Indonesian Dangdut Singer called "Ayu Ting Ting".
Ayu Ting Ting was born on 20 June 1990 in Depok,
East Java. She works as a dangdut singer, presenter, and
model. Ayu Ting Ting has Indonesian average body.
Her height is 160 cm. She has long straight hair, oval
face, thin lips and pointed nose. Ayu Ting Ting has won
several awards during her life. She has got Sari Ayu
Star 2006, Miss Depok 2006, and Mojang Depok. Ayu
Ting Ting is very famous with song entitled "Alamat
Palsu (Fake Address)". She has ever released Dangdut
album entitled "Geol Ajeb-Ajeb"
2. Choose one from these topics and write a good
descriptive text!
a. Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono
b. Jokowi
c. Band “Kotak”
J. Scoring :
Scoring
Criteria
Indicator
Score
Aspects
Max.
Score
Identification
Generic Structure
The total of
25
Generic
Description
50
Structure which
are found in the
25
text
Language Features
present
tense
Relational
Verbs
conjunction
adjectives
The total of
Language
50
50
Features which
are found in the
text
100
Total Score
Scoring
Aspects
Criteria
Indicator
Identification
Mention the
special
participant.
Mention the part
of
being
described.
Mention
the
quality of being
described.
Mention
the
characteristics of
being described.
present tense
Relational Verbs
conjunction
adjectives
Description
Organization
(The Generic
Structure)
Language
Features
(The Linguistic
Features )
Score
Max.
Score
15
40
25
35
Mechanics
Preposition
Articles
Capitalization
Punctuation
Spelling
25
Total Score
No
100
Respondent’s
Number
Component
O
LU
M
Total Score
Where :
O = Organization , LU = Language Use , M = Mechanics
Medan,
August 2014
Researcher as the teacher
Indah Pratiwi
NIM. 2103121023
LESSON PLAN
School
Class
Subject
Topic
Time
Meeting
: SMA AL-FATTAH
:X
: English
: Descriptive Text
: 2 x 45 minutes
:4
A. Standard Competency :
Expressing meaning in written text of descriptive text in the context of
situation in daily life.
B. Basic Competency :
Expressing meaning in written text of descriptive text in the context of daily
life in descriptive form.
C. Indicators :
1. Students are able to identify the social function, the generic
structure, and language features of descriptive text.
2. Students are able to describe about people in written form.
D. Learning Objective :
At the end of the learning process, students are able to :
1. Identify the social function, the generic structure, and language
features of descriptive text.
2. Describe about people in written form.
E. Teaching Material
1) Descriptive Text is a text that describes the features of
someone, something, or certain place.
2) Generic structure of descriptive text
-
Identification : identifies phenomenon that will be describe
-
Description : describe about parts, qualities or characteristics of
something or someone in detail.
3) Linguistics features of descriptive text.
-
Using present tense, past tense to describe something in the past.
-
Using relating verbs in giving information
-
Using adjective, adverb, and adverbial phrases
Teaching Method :
-
Conventional Method
F. Teaching and Learning activities :
ACTIVITES
TIME
Opening
Apperception
Greetings and checks absent.
Teacher gives motivation and brainstorming
10 minutes
Main Activity
Teacher introduce the material “ descriptive
text “
Teacher gives question that relate prior
knowledge with material that will be studied
Teacher gives an example of descriptive text.
Teacher gives the test paper to each students
Teacher gives the instruction to do the test to
70 minutes
the students how to make a descriptive text
Teacher asked the students to analyze the
descriptive text.
Closing
The teacher asks the students what they have
learned from descriptive text.
The students summarize what they have
13 inutes
learned about descriptive text.
Enrichment
G. Source : Text book, Text from internet
H. Media : Whiteboard, Marker, paper test
I. Assessment
1. Form of pre – test : written test
2. Instrument :
1. Identify the social function, language features, and
generic structure of the following text:
Sule
His name full name is Entis Sutisna. People call him
Sule. He is a famous comedian in Indonesia. Sule
was born on 15 November 1976 in Bandung, West
Java. He speaks Sundanese fluently. He also learn
Javanese. Sule is very unique. His hair is long with
brown and yellow colour. He has oval face, flat
nose and slanting eyes. People knows Sule as a
ridiculous man and full of jokes. He is very funny.
His joke makes everyone smiling even belly
laughing. Sule plays in several TV shows such as
Opera Van Java (OVJ), Awas Ada Sule, PAS
Mantab, and Saung Sule. He also can sing very
well. He has very famous song entitled Susis
(Suami Sieun Istri).
2. Choose one from these topics and write a good
descriptive text!
a. Caesar
b. Olga Syahputra
c. Masha and the Bear
J. Scoring :
Scoring
Criteria
Indicator
Score
Aspects
Max.
Score
Identification
Generic Structure
The total of
25
Generic
Description
50
Structure which
are found in the
25
text
Language Features
present
tense
Relational
Verbs
conjunction
adjectives
The total of
Language
50
50
Features which
are found in the
text
100
Total Score
Scoring
Aspects
Criteria
Indicator
Identification
Mention the
special
participant.
Mention the part
of
being
described.
Mention
the
quality of being
described.
Mention
the
characteristics of
being described.
present tense
Relational Verbs
conjunction
adjectives
Description
Organization
(The Generic
Structure)
Language
Features
(The Linguistic
Score
Max.
Score
15
40
25
35
Features )
Mechanics
Preposition
Articles
Capitalization
Punctuation
Spelling
25
Total Score
No
100
Respondent’s
Number
Component
O
LU
M
Total Score
Where :
O = Organization , LU = Language Use , M = Mechanics
Medan,
August 2014
Researcher as the teacher
Indah Pratiwi
NIM. 2103121023
APPENDIX F
Table Critical Values of t:
Table Critical Values of t
APPENDIX G
Students’ Worksheet
1
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study
English is an international language that is used all over the world. It is
important for people to master English in oral and written form, in order to be able
to communicate, to share or convey message, ideas and feeling. Since learning
English is becoming more and more important nowadays, it has been introduced
as the foreign language taught in every school in Indonesia. Teaching English will
be related to four skills, they are: listening skill, speaking skill, reading skill and
writing skill. Reading and listening are referred to the receptive skills, while
speaking and writing are referred to the productive skills. By mastering those four
skills, students will be able to express ideas, feelings, thoughts, opinions and the
most required of those four skills in academic field, that is writing.
Writing is very important to master since writing itself is an action to show
analytic activity, requiring evaluation and problem solving, yet it is also a
synthetic, productive process. Sharples (1999:6). By writing, student will learn
how to compile between information, ideas, thought and feeling become a unit
product that available for everyone. However, McCrimmon in Faulina (2013)
states that writing is the most difficult skill in learning process that allows the
writer to explore thoughts and ideas.
But, Reid in Nurussaniyah (2010) states that writing which consists of
process of talking, drafting, revising, and editing is usually easier, better and more
successful if it is done in groups. Nurussaniyah (2010) adds that written product
1
2
is influenced by some elements such as vocabularies, grammar, organization,
spelling and punctuation. In the first year of Senior High School, the basic
competency that should be achieved in the writing English subject is that students
have abilities in developing and producing written simple functional text in the
form of procedure, descriptive, narrative, news item and recount. Students of
Senior High School are claimed not only to be able to speak but also to write in
English. Based on Educational Unit-Oriented Curriculum, teaching and learning
process requires teacher to teach by genre based approach. Students should be
able to write
ON STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN WRITING
DESCRIPTIVE TEXT
A THESIS
Submitted to the English Department, Faculty of Languages and
Arts, State University of Medan, in Partial Fulfillment of the
Requirement for the Degree of Sarjana Pendidikan
By
INDAH PRATIWI
Reg. Number 2103121023
ENGLISH EDUCATION AND LITERATURE DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF LANGUAGES AND ARTS
STATE UNIVERSITY OF MEDAN
2014
DECLARATION
I have familiarized myself with the University’s Policy on Academic integrity.
Except where appropriately acknowledged, this thesis is my own work, has been
expressed in my own words, and has not been previously been submitted for
assessment.
I understand that this paper may be screened electronically or otherwise for
plagiarism.
Medan,
September 2014
Indah Pratiwi
Reg.No.2103121023
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The greatest thankfulness is given to Allah SWT who always gives the writer
strength, hope, and health during the completing of this thesis. This thesis has been
written in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Sarjana Pendidikan at
English Department of Faculty of Languages and Arts, State University of Medan.
This thesis would not have been completed without the help, support, advice,
guidance, suggestion and comments from several people for which the writer would
like to extend her sincere and special thanks. Her special gratitude is especially
extend to:
Prof. Dr. Ibnu Hajar Damanik, M.Si, the Rector of State University of
Medan.
Dr. Isda Pramuniati, M.Hum, the Dean of Languages and Arts Faculty.
Prof. Dr. Hj. Sumarsih, M.Pd, the Head of English Department, Rika, S.Pd.,
M.Hum the Secretary of English Department and Dra. Masitowarni Siregar,
M.Ed, the Head of English Education Study Program.
Prof. Dr. Lince Sihombing, M.Pd, her Thesis Consultant.
Drs. Elia Masa Ginting, M.Hum, her Academic Advisor.
Ahmad Safwan, S.Sos.I., S.Pd.I, the Headmaster of SMA Swasta Al-Fattah
Medan and the English teacher Yuni Shintya.
Surya Dharma Sarif and Elfriana, her beloved parents, for their great
patience, endless love, never ending support, care, advices, prayers and
everything they have given to the writer in her entire life.
Fahrul Rozy and Ega Ibra, her brothers for their everlasting love, care and
support.
HIJABERS GIRLS (Bunda, Adek, Bulek, Filzah and Riza) and also Deby,
Fauzi, Windy, Indah, Piqqa, Ungek, as her best friends for their laughs,
support, motivation, nice friendship and great moments that we had spent
together.
ii
Last but not least, special thanks is given to all friends in English Department,
especially in class Reguler C 2010, who cannot be mentioned one by one,
thanks for help, motivation and comment during academic years.
The writer hopes this thesis will be useful for those who read it, especially
for the student of English and Literature Department.
Medan, August 2014
The Writer,
Indah Pratiwi
2103121023
iii
ABSTRACT
Pratiwi, Indah, 2103121023. 2014. The Effect of Applying Think-Talk-Write
Strategy on Students’ Achievement in Writing Descriptive Text. A Thesis.
English and Literature Department. Faculty of Languages and Arts, State
University of Medan.
This study is an attempt to discover the effect of applying Think-TalkWrite strategy on students’ achievement in writing descriptive text. The objective
of this study were to find out whether applying Think-Talk-Write strategy affect
the students’ achievement in writing descriptive text. This study was an
experimental research. In conducting the research, the writer used 60 students of
Al-Fattah Senior High School Medan as the sample. The 60 students were taken
from two classes and they were divided into two groups namely the experimental
group who was taught by using Think-Talk-Write strategy and the control group
who was taught without Think-Talk-Write strategy. The data of the test were
collected by administering written test. The data were analyzed by using t-test
formula. The result of the analysis shows that the value of t-observed is higher
than the value of t-table (2,3> 2,00 (α = 0.05)) with the degree of freedom (df) =
N-2 = 58. It means that there is significant effect of applying Think-Talk-Write
strategy on students’ achievement in writing descriptive text. So the alternative
hypothesis (Ha) is accepted. The conclusion is that applying Think-Talk-Write
strategy can encourage and increase the students’ achievement in writing
descriptive text.
Keywords: TTW Strategy, Students’ Achievement, Descriptive Text
i
LIST OF TABLES
Table 2.1 Example of Descriptive Text ....................................................
15
Table 3.1 Research Design ........................................................................
23
Table 3.2 Teaching Procedure of Experimental Group ..........................
25
Table 3.3 Teaching Procedure of Control Group ....................................
26
Table 3.4 Scoring of Writing Test ............................................................
30
Table 4.1 Pre-Test and Post-Test Score of Experimental Group ............
32
Table 4.2 Pre-Test and Post-Test Score of Control Group......................
33
v
APPENDIX A
Instruction for Pre-Test and Post-Test
a. Experimental Group
- Write a good description text about your family or favorite actress!
b. Control Group
- Write a good description text about your family or favorite actress!
APPENDIX B
a. Students’ score of pre-test and post-test of Experimental Group
No
Students' Initial Name
Pre-Test
Post test
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
AP
AP
AJB
AW
AJ
AP
AL
CAP
DS
DA
DM
DO
DD
ERA
HD
HA
IP
JAG
MP
NA
NDS
NW
NAE
NIS
PN
SH
SP
TA
TMF
TH
TOTAL (Σ )
34
62
50
66
34
72
72
79
41
60
56
70
78
40
51
45
65
61
64
34
50
51
74
66
69
68
59
69
74
62
1776
68
66
76
81
79
81
76
84
64
72
70
83
82
79
91
75
80
62
86
88
64
66
85
85
92
86
65
88
90
66
2330
MEAN (X)
59.2
77.66
b. Students’ score of pre-test and post-test of Control Group
No
Students' Initial Name
Pre-Test
Post test
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
AAF
AL
CFC
EPK
EW
FL
FS
GP
HP
HH
IR
IAA
LH
MN
MA
MFS
MRW
NDP
PCG
QAA
RH
RS
SW
SR
TRA
TB
TW
WH
YF
ZM
TOTAL (Σ )
34
47
34
34
71
41
54
52
74
64
74
74
34
43
37
65
67
70
64
56
57
53
47
34
48
64
75
34
34
43
1578
58
79
58
48
78
50
70
59
85
84
81
83
51
48
60
71
78
83
74
79
82
85
65
64
63
71
88
47
60
65
2067
MEAN (X)
52.6
68.9
APPENDIX C
The Calculation of t-test
a. Experimental Group
No
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
Total
(Σ)
Mean
Pre-Test
Post test
Deviation
(d)
34
62
50
66
34
72
72
79
41
60
56
70
78
40
51
45
65
61
64
34
50
51
74
66
69
68
59
69
74
62
1776
68
66
76
81
79
81
76
84
64
72
70
83
82
79
91
75
80
62
86
88
64
66
85
85
92
86
65
88
90
66
2330
34
4
26
15
45
9
4
5
23
12
14
13
4
39
40
30
15
1
22
54
14
15
11
19
23
18
6
19
16
4
554
59.2
77.66
d-Mx
15,5
-14,5
7,5
-3,5
26,5
-9,5
-14,5
-13,5
4,5
-6,5
-4,5
-5,5
-14,5
20,5
21,5
11,5
-3
-17,5
3,5
35,5
-4,5
-3,5
-7,5
0,5
4,5
-0,5
-12,5
0,5
-2,5
-14,5
Squared of
deviation
(dx²)
240,25
210,25
56,25
12,25
702,25
90,25
210,25
182,25
20,25
42,25
20,25
30,25
210,25
420,25
462,25
132,25
9
306,25
12,25
1260,25
20,25
12,25
56,25
0,25
20,25
0,25
156,25
0,25
6,25
240,25
5142,25
��
Mx =
d = Σd2-
�
554
=
Σ� ²
�
= 5142,25 –
30
= 18,5
306916
30
=5132
b. Control Group
No
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
Pre-Test
34
47
34
34
71
41
54
52
74
64
65
74
34
43
37
65
67
70
64
56
57
53
47
34
48
64
75
34
34
Post test
58
75
58
48
78
50
64
59
75
71
74
76
51
48
54
69
75
75
74
69
77
70
65
52
63
71
88
47
48
Deviation
(d)
d-My
24
28
24
14
7
9
10
7
1
7
9
2
17
5
17
4
8
5
10
13
20
17
18
18
15
7
13
13
14
7,7
15,4
7,7
-2,3
-9,3
-7,3
-2,6
-9,3
-11,6
-5,6
-3,6
-10,6
0,7
-11,3
4,4
-8,6
-4,6
-7,6
-6,3
0,4
-2,6
3,4
1,7
5,4
-1,3
-9,3
-3,3
-3,3
1,4
Squared of
deviation
(dy²)
59,29
237,16
59,29
5,29
86,49
53,29
6,76
86,49
134,56
31,36
12,96
112,36
0,49
127,69
19,36
73,96
21,16
57,76
39,69
0,16
6,76
11,56
2,89
29,16
1,69
86,49
10,89
10,89
1,96
30
Total
(Σ)
Mean
My =
43
1578
65
2067
52.6
68.9
22
378
��
d = Σ d2 -
�
378
=
=12,6
MX
= 18,5
dX
= 5132
��
= 30
MY
= 12,6
dY
= 944,3
NY
= 30
Mx− My
t=
∑d X 2 +∑d Y 2
N X +N −2
Y
1
1
+
NX NY
18,5−12,6
5142 ,25 +1420 ,3
30 +30 −2
t=
Σ� ²
= 944,3
From the data above:
t=
32,49
1420,3
�
= 1420,3-
30
t=
5,7
5,9
6562 ,5
58
2
30
5,9
113,14 (0,06)
1
30
1
+ 30
142884
30
t=
t=
5,9
6,78
5,9
2,6
t = 2,26
t = 2,3
APPENDIX D
LESSON PLAN
(EXPERIMENTAL GROUP)
School
Class
Subject
Topic
Time
Meeting
: SMA AL-FATTAH
:X
: English
: Descriptive Text
: 2 x 45 minutes
:1
A. Standard Competency :
Expressing meaning in written text of descriptive text in the context of
situation in daily life.
B. Basic Competency :
Expressing meaning in written text of descriptive text in the context of daily
life in descriptive form.
C. Indicators :
1. Students are able to identify the social function, the generic structure, and
language features of descriptive text.
2. Students are able to describe about people in written form.
D. Learning Objective :
At the end of the learning process, students are able to :
1) Identify the social function, the generic structure, and language features of
descriptive text.
2) Describe about people in written form.
E. Teaching Material
1) Descriptive Text is a text that describes the features of someone,
something, or certain place.
2) Generic structure of descriptive text
-
Identification : identifies phenomenon that will be describe
-
Description : describe about parts, qualities or characteristics of
something or someone in detail.
3) Linguistics features of descriptive text.
-
Using present tense, past tense to describe something in the past.
-
Using relating verbs in giving information
-
Using adjective, adverb, and adverbial phrases
4) The example of simple descriptive text.
DORAEMON
Doraemon is one of cartoon character from Japan.
Identification
Doraemons film usually show on sunday morning.
Doraemon is a robot likes cat who come from 22nd
century of the future.
Doraemons colour is blue. He doesn't had ear
because a rat was eat his ears. Doraemon has round
head and red nose likes chery fruit. Doraemon has a
fourth-dimensional pocket on his abdomen frow
which is can take out many amazing tools.
Doraemon was send back to the 20th century
Description
because Nobita's grandson can't bear to see his
grandfather suffer. So he sent Doraemon to help out
Nobita's
troubles
with
Doraemon
miraculous
pocket. Doraemons favorite food is dorayaki and he
usually eat Dorayaki everyday.
Although Doraemon eat very much, his weight still
129,3 kg and his tall still in 129.3 cm since his born
until the end.
Teaching Method :
-
Think-Talk-Write Strategy
F. Teaching and Learning activities :
ACTIVITES
TIME
Opening
Apperception
Greetings and checks absent.
Teacher gives motivation and brainstorming
10 minutes
Main Activity
Teacher introduce the material “ descriptive
text “
Teacher gave explanation about a descriptive
text and generic structure of it.
Teacher explains an example of descriptive
text and then asked the students to check
their understanding.
Teacher divides students into several group,
one group consisted of 3-5 students. Then the
teacher gave a topic to be described.
“Member Family or Favorite Actress”
Teacher asks student to think about the topic
and made a small note individually. (Think)
Teacher asks the students to interact in their
group and talk about their opinion,
knowledge, and idea about the topic. (Talk)
Teacher asks students to write the result of
their discussion based on the generic
structure of descriptive text. (Write)
70 minutes
Closing
The teacher asks the students what they have
learned from descriptive text.
The students summarize what they have
10 minutes
learned about descriptive text.
Enrichment
G. Source : Text book, Text from internet
H. Media : Whiteboard, Marker,paper test
I.
Assessment
1. Form of pre – test : written test
2. Instrument :
1. Identify the social function, language features, and generic
structure of the following text:
My Sphynx Cat
My Sphynx cat is the only pet I have. He has a little
hair but is not totally hairless as he has a peach fuzz over
much of his body. His coat is often a warm chamois. My
Sphynx has a normal cat proportion.
I like his tail although my mom say that it is like a
rats tail. I love his usual color varieties including,
tortoiseshell, chocolate, black, blue, lilac, chocolate etc. He
is really an amazing cat. Believe it or not, he is very
intelligent cat. He can respond my voice commands.
He is really funny as well as my friends get a joke. I
love him so much as I love my mother.
2. Choose one from these topics and write a good descriptive
text!
a. President of Indonesia
b. Syahrini
c. Hello Kitty
J.
Scoring :
Scoring
Criteria
Indicator
Score
Aspects
Max.
Score
Identification
Generic Structure
The total of
25
Generic
Description
50
Structure which
are found in the
25
text
Language Features
present
tense
Relational
Verbs
conjunction
adjectives
The total of
Language
50
50
Features which
are found in the
text
100
Total Score
Scoring
Aspects
Criteria
Indicator
Identification
Mention the
special
participant.
Mention the part
of
being
described.
Mention
the
quality of being
described.
Mention
the
characteristics of
being described.
Description
Organization
(The Generic
Structure)
Score
Max.
Score
15
40
25
present tense
Relational Verbs
conjunction
adjectives
Language
Features
(The Linguistic
Features )
Mechanics
35
Preposition
Articles
Capitalization
Punctuation
Spelling
25
Total Score
No
100
Respondent’s
Number
Component
O
LU
M
Total Score
Where :
O = Organization , LU = Language Use , M = Mechanics
Medan,
August 2014
Researcher as the teacher
Indah Pratiwi
NIM. 2103121023
LESSON PLAN
School
Class
Subject
Topic
Time
Meeting
: SMA AL-FATTAH
:X
: English
: Descriptive Text
: 2 x 45 minutes
:2
A. Standard Competency :
Expressing meaning in written text of descriptive text in the context of
situation in daily life.
B. Basic Competency :
Expressing meaning in written text of descriptive text in the context of daily
life in descriptive form.
C. Indicators :
1. Students are able to identify the social function, the generic structure,
and language features of descriptive text.
2. Students are able to describe about people in written form.
D. Learning Objective :
At the end of the learning process, students are able to :
1) Identify the social function, the generic structure, and language features of
descriptive text.
2) Describe about people in written form.
E. Teaching Material
1) Descriptive Text is a text that describes the features of someone,
something, or certain place.
2) Generic structure of descriptive text
-
Identification : identifies phenomenon that will be describe
-
Description : describe about parts, qualities or characteristics of
something or someone in detail.
3) Linguistics features of descriptive text.
-
Using present tense, past tense to describe something in the past.
-
Using relating verbs in giving information
-
Using adjective, adverb, and adverbial phrases
4) The example of simple descriptive text.
MY DESKMATE
Iklima Maharani is my classmate. I call her Hara.
Identification
She is my best friend. She is the first child of Mr.
Abdul Rozzak and Mrs. Titi Laeliyah. She lives in
Kedawung village.
Hara is fair-skinned. She is a slim girl of average
height. She is 16 years old on 19 November 2012.
She has long hair, but she always wears headscarf
and makes the other people can’t see he hair. She
has medium nose. Her face is oval. She wears
glasses because she has far-sighted eyes. She looks
more pretty with her glasses.
Description
Hara is an attractive and cheerful girl. She has an
easy going personality and friendly. Hara isn’t
stingy girl. She is generous. When she has food, she
usually shares it to her friends. But, she is quicktempered person when worry about something and
didn’t care with the other people. But, actually she
is a kind girl.
Teaching Method :
-
Think-Talk-Write Strategy
F. Teaching and Learning activities :
ACTIVITES
TIME
Opening
Apperception
Greetings and checks absent.
Teacher gives motivation and brainstorming
10 minutes
Main Activity
Teacher introduce the material “ descriptive
text “
Teacher gave explanation about a descriptive
text and generic structure of it.
Teacher explains an example of descriptive
70 minutes
text and then asked the students to check
their understanding.
Teacher divides students into several group,
one group consisted of 3-5 students. Then the
teacher gave a topic to be described.
“Member Family or Favorite Actress”
Teacher asks student to think about the topic
and made a small note individually. (Think)
Teacher asks the students to interact in their
group and talk about their opinion,
knowledge, and idea about the topic. (Talk)
Teacher asks students to write the result of
their discussion based on the generic
structure of descriptive text. (Write)
Closing
The teacher asks the students what they have
learned from descriptive text.
The students summarize what they have
10 minutes
learned about descriptive text.
Enrichment
G. Source : Text book, Text from internet
H. Media : Whiteboard, Marker, paper test
I.
Assessment
1. Form of pre – test : written test
2. Instrument :
1. Identify the social function, language features, and
generic structure of the following text:
Mrs. Debby Magdelena
Mrs. Debby Magdelena is one of the successful carrier
woman. She is the new sales manager for Jakarta sales
office of Le Meridean Nirwana Golf and Spa Resort.
Mrs. Debby Magdalena holds her new position as from
Marc 2nd, 2009. Prior to her assignment at Le Meredian
Nirwana Golf and Spa Resort, she was the sales
manager at Novotel Nusa Dua’s Jakarta sales office.
Prior to that, she worked at a number of reputable hotels
such as Radison Hotel Jakarta, Aston Hotel Jakarta, and
Novotel Nusa Dua Bali.
Born in Jakarta, she is a graduate of BPLP Bandung
majoring hotel management and of Dwipa Wacana
University in majoring management. With her strong
background in reservations, front office and sales she
will be a valuable asset to Le Meridian Nirvana Golf
and Spa Resort. As the sales representative in Jakarta,
she will be based at Le Meridian Jakarta Hotel.
2. Choose one from these topics and write a good
descriptive text!
a. Ariel “NOAH”
b. Spongebob
c. Mother
J. Scoring :
Scoring
Criteria
Indicator
Score
Aspects
Max.
Score
Identification
Generic Structure
The total of
25
Generic
Description
50
Structure which
are found in the
25
text
Language Features
present
tense
Relational
Verbs
conjunction
adjectives
The total of
Language
50
50
Features which
are found in the
text
100
Total Score
Scoring
Aspects
Criteria
Indicator
Identification
Mention the
special
participant.
Mention the part
of
being
described.
Mention
the
quality of being
described.
Mention
the
characteristics of
being described.
Description
Organization
(The Generic
Structure)
Score
Max.
Score
15
40
25
present tense
Relational Verbs
conjunction
adjectives
Language
Features
(The Linguistic
Features )
Mechanics
35
Preposition
Articles
Capitalization
Punctuation
Spelling
25
Total Score
No
100
Respondent’s
Number
Component
O
LU
M
Total Score
Where :
O = Organization , LU = Language Use , M = Mechanics
Medan,
August 2014
Researcher as the teacher
Indah Pratiwi
NIM. 2103121023
LESSON PLAN
School
Class
Subject
Topic
Time
Meeting
: SMA AL-FATTAH
:X
: English
: Descriptive Text
: 2 x 45 minutes
:3
A. Standard Competency :
Expressing meaning in written text of descriptive text in the context of
situation in daily life.
B. Basic Competency :
Expressing meaning in written text of descriptive text in the context of daily
life in descriptive form.
C. Indicators :
1. Students are able to identify the social function, the generic structure,
and language features of descriptive text.
2. Students are able to describe about people in written form.
D. Learning Objective :
At the end of the learning process, students are able to :
1) Identify the social function, the generic structure, and language features of
descriptive text.
2) Describe about people in written form.
E. Teaching Material :
Types of descriptive writing :
1) Description of place
The best way to describe the place is by presenting concrete. For example
home and school. Further, it is essential to describe the size and agreement
of space involved.
2) Description of people
To describe human beings appearances or physical point of view by their
personalities, values, and motivation as well as by their looks and the
sounds of their voices.
3) Description of thing ( Object )
The best way to describe an accurate object ( thing ) is by providing the
physical characteristics of an object ( thing ) such as the colors, forms,
shapes, and so on.
From the types of descriptive writing elaborate above the teacher only
focuses on describing objects. In the case, the teacher will ask the students
to describe a cartoon characters based on picture provided by the teacher.
Teaching Method :
-
Think-Talk-Write Strategy
F. Teaching and Learning Activities :
ACTIVITES
TIME
Opening
Apperception
Greetings and checks absent.
Teacher gives motivation and
brainstorming
Main Activity
Teacher introduce the material “
descriptive text “
10 minutes
Teacher gave explanation about a
descriptive text and generic structure of it.
Teacher explains an example of
70 minutes
descriptive text and then asked the students
to check their understanding.
Teacher divides students into several
group, one group consisted of 3-5 students.
Then the teacher gave a topic to be
described. “Member Family or Favorite
Actress”
Teacher asks student to think about the
topic and made a small note individually.
(Think)
Teacher asks the students to interact in
their group and talk about their opinion,
knowledge, and idea about the topic.
(Talk)
Teacher asks students to write the result of
their discussion based on the generic
structure of descriptive text. (Write)
Closing
The teacher asks the students what they
have learned from descriptive text.
The students summarize what they have
learned about descriptive text.
Enrichment
G. Source : Text book, Text from internet
H. Media : Whiteboard, Marker, paper test
10 inutes
I.
Assessment
1. Form of pre – test : written test
2. Instrument :
1. Identify the social function, language features, and
generic structure of the following text:
Irene Kharisma Sukandar
Irene Kharisma Sukandar is to be the most
successful woman chess player in Indonesia. Just in
her age of 17, she has become champions in many
tournaments. She has got many trophies and medals
from both national and international titles. She is the
first Indonesia’s Woman Grand Master (WGM).
First she was drawn to play chess by her elder
brother, Kaisar Genius Hakiki. Although she begins
to play chess at relatively senior age of 7, her talent
becomes evident early on.
For Irene, playing chess is something good to do.
She disagrees with many Indonesian people who
associate chess with a lack of productivity, for
example as a game for the unemployed. She proves
that she earns many things from that game. By
playing she received Rp 500 million in bonus prize
money for her contribution to her province at the
national games.
Irene, who is still noted as a student at Nusantara
Senior High School Jakarta, enjoys reading,
swimming, and learning Mandarin Language. She
does those activities when she is not notching up
international chess titles.
2. Choose one from these topics and write a good
descriptive text!
a. Ronaldo
b. Agnes Monica
c. Monkey
J. Scoring :
Scoring
Criteria
Indicator
Score
Aspects
Max.
Score
Identification
Generic Structure
The total of
25
Generic
Description
50
Structure which
are found in the
25
text
Language Features
present
tense
Relational
Verbs
conjunction
adjectives
The total of
Language
50
50
Features which
are found in the
text
100
Total Score
Scoring
Aspects
Criteria
Indicator
Identification
Mention the
special
participant.
Mention the part
of
being
described.
Mention
the
quality of being
described.
Mention
the
characteristics of
being described.
Description
Organization
(The Generic
Structure)
Score
Max.
Score
15
40
25
present tense
Relational Verbs
conjunction
adjectives
Language
Features
(The Linguistic
Features )
Mechanics
35
Preposition
Articles
Capitalization
Punctuation
Spelling
25
Total Score
No
100
Respondent’s
Number
Component
O
LU
M
Total Score
Where :
O = Organization , LU = Language Use , M = Mechanics
Medan,
August 2014
Researcher as the teacher
Indah Pratiwi
NIM. 2103121023
LESSON PLAN
School
Class
Subject
Topic
Time
Meeting
: SMA AL-FATTAH
:X
: English
: Descriptive Text
: 2 x 45 minutes
:4
A. Standard Competency :
Expressing meaning in written text of descriptive text in the context of
situation in daily life.
B. Basic Competency :
Expressing meaning in written text of descriptive text in the context of daily
life in descriptive form.
C. Indicators :
1. Students are able to identify the social function, the generic structure,
and language features of descriptive text.
2. Students are able to describe about people in written form.
D. Learning Objective :
At the end of the learning process, students are able to :
1) Identify the social function, the generic structure, and language
features of descriptive text.
2) Describe about people in written form.
E. Teaching Material
1) Descriptive Text is a text that describes the features of someone,
something, or certain place.
2) Generic structure of descriptive text
-
Identification : identifies phenomenon that will be describe
-
Description : describe about parts, qualities or characteristics of
something or someone in detail.
3) Linguistics features of descriptive text.
-
Using present tense, past tense to describe something in the past.
-
Using relating verbs in giving information
-
Using adjective, adverb, and adverbial phrases
Teaching Method :
-
Think-Talk-Write Strategy
F. Teaching and Learning Activities :
ACTIVITES
TIME
Opening
Apperception
Greetings and checks absent.
Teacher gives motivation and
10 minutes
brainstorming
Main Activity
Teacher introduce the material “
descriptive text “
Teacher gave explanation about a
descriptive text and generic structure of it.
Teacher explains an example of
descriptive text and then asked the students
to check their understanding.
Teacher divides students into several
group, one group consisted of 3-5 students.
Then the teacher gave a topic to be
described. “Member Family or Favorite
Actress”
70 minutes
Teacher asks student to think about the
topic and made a small note individually.
(Think)
Teacher asks the students to interact in
their group and talk about their opinion,
knowledge, and idea about the topic.
(Talk)
Teacher asks students to write the result of
their discussion based on the generic
structure of descriptive text. (Write)
Closing
The teacher asks the students what they
have learned from descriptive text.
The students summarize what they have
11 inutes
learned about descriptive text.
Enrichment
G. Source : Text book, Text from internet
H. Media : Whiteboard, Marker, paper test
I.
Assessment
1. Form of pre – test : written test
2. Instrument :
1. Identify the social function, language features,
and generic structure of the following text:
Agnes Monica
Agnes Monica was born in Jakarta, Indonesia,
on July 1,1986. Her full name is Agnes Monica
Sukma, but she is well known as Agnes Monica.
Her parents are Ricky Muljoto and Jenny
Siswono and they are 100% behind her in
everything she does. Agnes Monica has only
one sibling. His name is Steve Muljoto. He is
about nine years older than Agnes. Despite her
young age, Agnes has already released three
albums, Si Meong, Yess, and Bala-Bala. She
also became a TV presenter. When she was 15,
she played a significant role in a TV series
called Pernikahan Dini. She received several
awards for her role as Dini. Agnes Monica
continues producing more albums and acting.
She become more famous everyday. Thousand
of her fans attend her concerts.
2. Choose one from these topics and write a good
descriptive text!
a. David Beckham
b. Krisdayanti
c. Mickey Mouse
J. Scoring :
Scoring
Criteria
Indicator
Score
Aspects
Score
Identification
Generic Structure
Max.
Description
The total of
25
Generic
50
Structure which
are found in the
25
text
Language Features
present
tense
Relational
Verbs
conjunction
The total of
Language
Features which
50
50
adjectives
are found in the
text
100
Total Score
Scoring
Aspects
Criteria
Indicator
Identification
Mention the
special
participant.
Mention the part
of
being
described.
Mention
the
quality of being
described.
Mention
the
characteristics of
being described.
present tense
Relational Verbs
conjunction
adjectives
Description
Organization
(The Generic
Structure)
Language
Features
(The Linguistic
Features )
Mechanics
Preposition
Articles
Capitalization
Punctuation
Spelling
Total Score
No
Max.
Score
15
40
25
35
25
100
Respondent’s
Number
Score
Component
O
LU
M
Total Score
Where :
O = Organization , LU = Language Use , M = Mechanics
Medan,
August 2014
Researcher as the teacher
Indah Pratiwi
NIM. 2103121023
APPENDIX E
LESSON PLAN
( CONTROL GROUP )
School
Class
Subject
Topic
Time
Meeting
: SMA AL-FATTAH
:X
: English
: Descriptive Text
: 2 x 45 minutes
:1
A. Standard Competency :
Expressing meaning in written text of descriptive text in the context of
situation in daily life.
B. Basic Competency :
Expressing meaning in written text of descriptive text in the context of daily
life in descriptive form.
C. Indicators :
1. Students are able to identify the social function, the generic
structure, and language features of descriptive text.
2. Students are able to describe about people in written form.
D. Learning Objective :
At the end of the learning process, students are able to :
1) Identify the social function, the generic structure, and language
features of descriptive text.
2) Describe about people in written form.
E. Teaching Material
1) Descriptive Text is a text that describes the features of someone,
something, or certain place.
2) Generic structure of descriptive text
-
Identification : identifies phenomenon that will be describe
-
Description : describe about parts, qualities or characteristics of
something or someone in detail.
3) Linguistics features of descriptive text.
-
Using present tense, past tense to describe something in the past.
-
Using relating verbs in giving information
-
Using adjective, adverb, and adverbial phrases
Teaching Method :
-
Conventional Method
F. Teaching and Learning activities :
ACTIVITES
TIME
Opening
Apperception
Greetings and checks absent.
Teacher gives motivation and brainstorming
10 minutes
Main Activity
Teacher introduce the material “ descriptive
text “
Teacher gives question that relate prior
knowledge with material that will be studied
Teacher gives an example of descriptive text.
Teacher gives the test paper to each students
Teacher gives the instruction to do the test to
the students how to make a descriptive text
Teacher asked the students to analyze the
descriptive text.
Closing
The teacher asks the students what they have
70 minutes
learned from descriptive text.
The students summarize what they have
10 inutes
learned about descriptive text.
Enrichment
G. Source : Text book, Text from internet
H. Media : Whiteboard, Marker, paper test
I. Assessment
1. Form of pre – test : written test
2. Instrument :
1. Identify the social function, language features,
and generic structure of the following text:
Selena Gomez
Her name is Selena Marie Gomez. She's
usually called Selena Gomez or Miss Gomez.
She was born on 22 July 1992 in Grand Praire,
Texas, USA. Selena Gomez is a singer,
songwriter, and American Actress. She sings for
some soundtracks, like Cinderella and Tinker
Bell. Her performance as an actress can be seen
at Cinderella Story DVD version. Miss Gomez
has red hair, pointed nose, and slim body. She
looks beautiful while she is smiling. She is also
famous with her Latin face. Selena Gomez
doesn't have siblings. She's the only child in her
family. Her father's name is Ricardo Gomez and
her mother's name is Mandy Cornett.
2. Choose one from these topics and write a good
descriptive text!
a. Justin Bieber
b. Naruto
c. Raisa
J. Scoring :
Scoring
Criteria
Indicator
Score
Aspects
Max.
Score
Identification
Generic Structure
The total of
25
Generic
Description
50
Structure which
are found in the
25
text
Language Features
present
tense
Relational
Verbs
conjunction
adjectives
The total of
Language
50
50
Features which
are found in the
text
100
Total Score
Scoring
Aspects
Criteria
Indicator
Identification
Mention the
special
participant.
Mention the part
of
being
described.
Mention
the
quality of being
described.
Mention
the
characteristics of
being described.
Description
Organization
(The Generic
Structure)
Score
Max.
Score
15
40
25
present tense
Relational Verbs
conjunction
adjectives
Language
Features
(The Linguistic
Features )
Mechanics
35
Preposition
Articles
Capitalization
Punctuation
Spelling
25
Total Score
No
100
Respondent’s
Number
Component
O
LU
M
Total Score
Where :
O = Organization , LU = Language Use , M = Mechanics
Medan,
August 2014
Researcher as the teacher
Indah Pratiwi
NIM. 2103121023
LESSON PLAN
School
Class
Subject
Topic
Time
Meeting
: SMA AL-FATTAH
:X
: English
: Descriptive Text
: 2 x 45 minutes
:2
A. Standard Competency :
Expressing meaning in written text of descriptive text in the context of
situation in daily life.
B. Basic Competency :
Expressing meaning in written text of descriptive text in the context of daily
life in descriptive form.
C. Indicators :
1. Students are able to identify the social function, the generic structure,
and language features of descriptive text.
2. Students are able to describe about people in written form.
D. Learning Objective :
At the end of the learning process, students are able to :
1) Identify the social function, the generic structure, and language
features of descriptive text.
2) Describe about people in written form.
E. Teaching Material
1) Descriptive Text is a text that describes the features of someone,
something, or certain place.
2) Generic structure of descriptive text
-
Identification : identifies phenomenon that will be describe
-
Description : describe about parts, qualities or characteristics of
something or someone in detail.
3) Linguistics features of descriptive text.
-
Using present tense, past tense to describe something in the past.
-
Using relating verbs in giving information
-
Using adjective, adverb, and adverbial phrases
Teaching Method :
-
Conventional Method
F. Teaching and Learning activities :
ACTIVITES
TIME
Opening
Apperception
Greetings and checks absent.
Teacher gives motivation and brainstorming
10 minutes
Main Activity
Teacher introduce the material “ descriptive
text “
Teacher gives question that relate prior
knowledge with material that will be studied
Teacher gives an example of descriptive text.
Teacher gives the test paper to each students
Teacher gives the instruction to do the test to
70 minutes
the students how to make a descriptive text
Teacher asked the students to analyze the
descriptive text.
Closing
The teacher asks the students what they have
learned from descriptive text.
The students summarize what they have
11 inutes
learned about descriptive text.
Enrichment
G. Source : Text book, Text from internet
H. Media : Whiteboard, Marker, paper test
I. Assessment
1. Form of pre – test : written test
2. Instrument :
1. Identify the social function, language
features, and generic structure of the
following text:
Barrack Obama
His full name is Barack Hussein
Obama. People often calls him Barack
Obama or Obama only. He is AfricanAmerican. He was born on 4 August 1961 in
Honolulu, USA. Obama is quite tall, 183
cm. He has oval face, baldheaded, and black
skin. His face looks patient and strong. He
always keep smiles when he gives speech.
Obama has got married to Michelle. They
have 2 daughters, Malia and Natasha
Obama. Obama’s hobby is having sport. He
likes playing golf in his spare time. Obama
also loves blogging. He writes on his twitter
quite often.
2. Choose one from these topics and write a
good descriptive text!
a. Britney Spears
b. Smash
c. Coboy Junior
J. Scoring :
Scoring
Criteria
Indicator
Score
Aspects
Max.
Score
Identification
Generic Structure
The total of
25
Generic
Description
50
Structure which
are found in the
25
text
Language Features
present
tense
Relational
Verbs
conjunction
adjectives
The total of
Language
50
50
Features which
are found in the
text
100
Total Score
Scoring
Aspects
Criteria
Indicator
Identification
Mention the
special
participant.
Mention the part
of
being
described.
Mention
the
quality of being
described.
Mention
the
characteristics of
being described.
Description
Organization
(The Generic
Structure)
Score
Max.
Score
15
40
25
present tense
Relational Verbs
conjunction
adjectives
Language
Features
(The Linguistic
Features )
Mechanics
35
Preposition
Articles
Capitalization
Punctuation
Spelling
25
Total Score
No
100
Respondent’s
Number
Component
O
LU
M
Total Score
Where :
O = Organization , LU = Language Use , M = Mechanics
Medan,
August 2014
Researcher as the teacher
Indah Pratiwi
NIM. 2103121023
LESSON PLAN
School
Class
Subject
Topic
Time
Meeting
: SMA AL-FATTAH
:X
: English
: Descriptive Text
: 2 x 45 minutes
:3
A. Standard Competency :
Expressing meaning in written text of descriptive text in the context of
situation in daily life.
B. Basic Competency :
Expressing meaning in written text of descriptive text in the context of daily
life in descriptive form.
C. Indicators :
1. Students are able to identify the social function, the generic
structure, and language features of descriptive text.
2. Students are able to describe about people in written form.
D. Learning Objective :
At the end of the learning process, students are able to :
1. Identify the social function, the generic structure, and language
features of descriptive text.
2. Describe about people in written form.
E. Teaching Material
1) Descriptive Text is a text that describes the features of
someone, something, or certain place.
2) Generic structure of descriptive text
-
Identification : identifies phenomenon that will be describe
-
Description : describe about parts, qualities or characteristics of
something or someone in detail.
3) Linguistics features of descriptive text.
-
Using present tense, past tense to describe something in the past.
-
Using relating verbs in giving information
-
Using adjective, adverb, and adverbial phrases
Teaching Method :
-
Conventional Method
F. Teaching and Learning activities :
ACTIVITES
TIME
Opening
Apperception
Greetings and checks absent.
Teacher gives motivation and brainstorming
10 minutes
Main Activity
Teacher introduce the material “ descriptive
text “
Teacher gives question that relate prior
knowledge with material that will be studied
Teacher gives an example of descriptive text.
Teacher gives the test paper to each students
Teacher gives the instruction to do the test to
70 minutes
the students how to make a descriptive text
Teacher asked the students to analyze the
descriptive text.
Closing
The teacher asks the students what they have
learned from descriptive text.
The students summarize what they have
12 inutes
learned about descriptive text.
Enrichment
G. Source : Text book, Text from internet
H. Media : Whiteboard, Marker, paper test
I. Assessment
1. Form of pre – test : written test
2. Instrument :
1. Identify the social function, language features, and
generic structure of the following text:
Ayu TingTing
She is very popular among Indonesian people as
Indonesian Dangdut Singer called "Ayu Ting Ting".
Ayu Ting Ting was born on 20 June 1990 in Depok,
East Java. She works as a dangdut singer, presenter, and
model. Ayu Ting Ting has Indonesian average body.
Her height is 160 cm. She has long straight hair, oval
face, thin lips and pointed nose. Ayu Ting Ting has won
several awards during her life. She has got Sari Ayu
Star 2006, Miss Depok 2006, and Mojang Depok. Ayu
Ting Ting is very famous with song entitled "Alamat
Palsu (Fake Address)". She has ever released Dangdut
album entitled "Geol Ajeb-Ajeb"
2. Choose one from these topics and write a good
descriptive text!
a. Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono
b. Jokowi
c. Band “Kotak”
J. Scoring :
Scoring
Criteria
Indicator
Score
Aspects
Max.
Score
Identification
Generic Structure
The total of
25
Generic
Description
50
Structure which
are found in the
25
text
Language Features
present
tense
Relational
Verbs
conjunction
adjectives
The total of
Language
50
50
Features which
are found in the
text
100
Total Score
Scoring
Aspects
Criteria
Indicator
Identification
Mention the
special
participant.
Mention the part
of
being
described.
Mention
the
quality of being
described.
Mention
the
characteristics of
being described.
present tense
Relational Verbs
conjunction
adjectives
Description
Organization
(The Generic
Structure)
Language
Features
(The Linguistic
Features )
Score
Max.
Score
15
40
25
35
Mechanics
Preposition
Articles
Capitalization
Punctuation
Spelling
25
Total Score
No
100
Respondent’s
Number
Component
O
LU
M
Total Score
Where :
O = Organization , LU = Language Use , M = Mechanics
Medan,
August 2014
Researcher as the teacher
Indah Pratiwi
NIM. 2103121023
LESSON PLAN
School
Class
Subject
Topic
Time
Meeting
: SMA AL-FATTAH
:X
: English
: Descriptive Text
: 2 x 45 minutes
:4
A. Standard Competency :
Expressing meaning in written text of descriptive text in the context of
situation in daily life.
B. Basic Competency :
Expressing meaning in written text of descriptive text in the context of daily
life in descriptive form.
C. Indicators :
1. Students are able to identify the social function, the generic
structure, and language features of descriptive text.
2. Students are able to describe about people in written form.
D. Learning Objective :
At the end of the learning process, students are able to :
1. Identify the social function, the generic structure, and language
features of descriptive text.
2. Describe about people in written form.
E. Teaching Material
1) Descriptive Text is a text that describes the features of
someone, something, or certain place.
2) Generic structure of descriptive text
-
Identification : identifies phenomenon that will be describe
-
Description : describe about parts, qualities or characteristics of
something or someone in detail.
3) Linguistics features of descriptive text.
-
Using present tense, past tense to describe something in the past.
-
Using relating verbs in giving information
-
Using adjective, adverb, and adverbial phrases
Teaching Method :
-
Conventional Method
F. Teaching and Learning activities :
ACTIVITES
TIME
Opening
Apperception
Greetings and checks absent.
Teacher gives motivation and brainstorming
10 minutes
Main Activity
Teacher introduce the material “ descriptive
text “
Teacher gives question that relate prior
knowledge with material that will be studied
Teacher gives an example of descriptive text.
Teacher gives the test paper to each students
Teacher gives the instruction to do the test to
70 minutes
the students how to make a descriptive text
Teacher asked the students to analyze the
descriptive text.
Closing
The teacher asks the students what they have
learned from descriptive text.
The students summarize what they have
13 inutes
learned about descriptive text.
Enrichment
G. Source : Text book, Text from internet
H. Media : Whiteboard, Marker, paper test
I. Assessment
1. Form of pre – test : written test
2. Instrument :
1. Identify the social function, language features, and
generic structure of the following text:
Sule
His name full name is Entis Sutisna. People call him
Sule. He is a famous comedian in Indonesia. Sule
was born on 15 November 1976 in Bandung, West
Java. He speaks Sundanese fluently. He also learn
Javanese. Sule is very unique. His hair is long with
brown and yellow colour. He has oval face, flat
nose and slanting eyes. People knows Sule as a
ridiculous man and full of jokes. He is very funny.
His joke makes everyone smiling even belly
laughing. Sule plays in several TV shows such as
Opera Van Java (OVJ), Awas Ada Sule, PAS
Mantab, and Saung Sule. He also can sing very
well. He has very famous song entitled Susis
(Suami Sieun Istri).
2. Choose one from these topics and write a good
descriptive text!
a. Caesar
b. Olga Syahputra
c. Masha and the Bear
J. Scoring :
Scoring
Criteria
Indicator
Score
Aspects
Max.
Score
Identification
Generic Structure
The total of
25
Generic
Description
50
Structure which
are found in the
25
text
Language Features
present
tense
Relational
Verbs
conjunction
adjectives
The total of
Language
50
50
Features which
are found in the
text
100
Total Score
Scoring
Aspects
Criteria
Indicator
Identification
Mention the
special
participant.
Mention the part
of
being
described.
Mention
the
quality of being
described.
Mention
the
characteristics of
being described.
present tense
Relational Verbs
conjunction
adjectives
Description
Organization
(The Generic
Structure)
Language
Features
(The Linguistic
Score
Max.
Score
15
40
25
35
Features )
Mechanics
Preposition
Articles
Capitalization
Punctuation
Spelling
25
Total Score
No
100
Respondent’s
Number
Component
O
LU
M
Total Score
Where :
O = Organization , LU = Language Use , M = Mechanics
Medan,
August 2014
Researcher as the teacher
Indah Pratiwi
NIM. 2103121023
APPENDIX F
Table Critical Values of t:
Table Critical Values of t
APPENDIX G
Students’ Worksheet
1
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study
English is an international language that is used all over the world. It is
important for people to master English in oral and written form, in order to be able
to communicate, to share or convey message, ideas and feeling. Since learning
English is becoming more and more important nowadays, it has been introduced
as the foreign language taught in every school in Indonesia. Teaching English will
be related to four skills, they are: listening skill, speaking skill, reading skill and
writing skill. Reading and listening are referred to the receptive skills, while
speaking and writing are referred to the productive skills. By mastering those four
skills, students will be able to express ideas, feelings, thoughts, opinions and the
most required of those four skills in academic field, that is writing.
Writing is very important to master since writing itself is an action to show
analytic activity, requiring evaluation and problem solving, yet it is also a
synthetic, productive process. Sharples (1999:6). By writing, student will learn
how to compile between information, ideas, thought and feeling become a unit
product that available for everyone. However, McCrimmon in Faulina (2013)
states that writing is the most difficult skill in learning process that allows the
writer to explore thoughts and ideas.
But, Reid in Nurussaniyah (2010) states that writing which consists of
process of talking, drafting, revising, and editing is usually easier, better and more
successful if it is done in groups. Nurussaniyah (2010) adds that written product
1
2
is influenced by some elements such as vocabularies, grammar, organization,
spelling and punctuation. In the first year of Senior High School, the basic
competency that should be achieved in the writing English subject is that students
have abilities in developing and producing written simple functional text in the
form of procedure, descriptive, narrative, news item and recount. Students of
Senior High School are claimed not only to be able to speak but also to write in
English. Based on Educational Unit-Oriented Curriculum, teaching and learning
process requires teacher to teach by genre based approach. Students should be
able to write