Perbedaan Inklinasi Insisivus Pada Pasien Maloklusi Klas I Dan Klas II Skeletal Dengan Pola Pernafasan Normal dan Pernafasan Melalui Mulut
Lampiran 1 Kerangka Teori
Pola Pernafasan Hidung
Mulut Posisi lidah Postur kepala
Posisi lidah Postur kepala normal normal lebih ke bawah mendongak
Pertumbuhan rahang dan posisi Pertumbuhan rahang dan gigi normal posisi gigi abnormal
Radiografi sefalometri lateral Analisis Steiner
- Inklinasi gigi insisivus maksila
- Inklinasi gigi insisivus mandibula
- Sudut interinsisal
Lampiran 2 Kerangka Konsep Variabel Bebas Variabel Tergantung
- Pernafasan normal (hidung)
- Inklinasi gigi insis
- Pernafasan melalui mulut maksila
- Inklinasi gigi insisivus mandibula
- Sudut interinsisal
Variabel Terkendali Variabel Tidak Terkendali
- Roentgen foto sefalometri lateral pasien - Alat dan teknik pengambilan berusia 8-12 tahun sefalometri
- Belum pernah dilakukan perawatan - Ras ortodonti - Faktor keturunan
- Tidak ada penyakit sistemik - Pola pertumb>Kebiasaan buruk
- Maloklusi Klas II skeletal divisi 1 dan divisi 2
Lampiran 3
Hasil Pengukuran Sudut SNA, SNB, ANB, I.NA, I.NB, I.I dan Ukuran Linear I-
NA, I-NB Pada Sefalogram Pola Pernafasan Normal (Hidung)
23.00
11 Klas I skeletal
30.00 7.50 121.50
5.50
25.00
4.00
81.00
85.00
10 Klas I skeletal
28.50 8.25 125.00
6.50
3.00
78.00
78.00
81.00
9 Klas I skeletal
31.50 8.50 118.25
6.25
26.50
3.50
75.00
78.50
8 Klas I skeletal
81.00
3.00
6.00
82.50
7.00
25.50
7.00
74.00
81.00
14 Klas II skeletal
26.75 6.00 123.75
6.00
25.50
6.00
88.50
24.00
13 Klas II skeletal
21.50 5.00 133.25
3.00
19.00
6.00
80.00
86.00
12 Klas II skeletal
23.00 5.50 131.00
5.00
24.25 5.50 129.50
22.50
No. Sampel Klasifikasi Klas SNA ( ˚) SNB ( ˚) ANB ( ˚)
84.00
26.50
3.00
80.00
83.00
3 Klas I skeletal
26.50 8.00 128.00
3.50
22.00
3.00
81.00
2 Klas I skeletal
27.00 6.00 123.00
20.50 3.50 131.50
4.25
26.00
3.00
78.00
81.00
1 Klas I skeletal
I.I ( ˚)
I.NB ( ˚) I-NB (mm)
I.NA ( ˚) I-NA (mm)
4.00
4 Klas I skeletal
3.00
23.00 4.00 131.25
76.00
79.00
7 Klas I skeletal
24.75 8.00 130.75
6.50
21.25
4.00
73.00
77.00
6 Klas I skeletal
4.50
81.00
23.75
2.00
82.00
84.00
5 Klas I skeletal
25.00 4.50 127.50
4.25
21.00
3.00
78.00
30.50 6.25 117.00
17 Klas II skeletal
6.00
6.00
20.00
5.00
28.00 7.75 126.00
21 Klas II skeletal
84.00
78.00
24.00
77.00
5.00
27.00 8.00 123.00
22 Klas II skeletal
86.00
80.00
6.00
20.00
4.00
71.00
20 Klas II skeletal
86.00
6.00
80.50
5.50
23.00
4.00
32.00 8.75 120.00
18 Klas II skeletal
80.00
74.00
19.00
27.50 7.25 124.50
4.00
23.00 5.00 130.00
19 Klas II skeletal
89.00
83.00
6.00
21.00
3.00
25.00 5.00 127.00
Lampiran 4
Hasil Pengukuran Sudut SNA, SNB, ANB, I.NA, I.NB, I.I dan Ukuran Linear I-
NA, I-NB Pada Sefalogram Pola Pernafasan Melalui Mulut.
31.00
33 Klas I skeletal
25.00 6.25 120.00
11.50
33.00
2.00
76.00
78.00
32 Klas I skeletal
27.75 7.50 119.00
9.00
2.00
81.00
83.00
85.00
31 Klas I skeletal
27.75 6.75 123.50
5.00
26.50
2.00
82.00
84.00
30 Klas I skeletal
83.00
2.00
7.00
79.00
7.00
25.50
3.00
75.00
78.00
36 Klas I skeletal
24.75 6.00 123.75
6.00
25.50
4.00
84.00
30.75
35 Klas I skeletal
30.75 8.00 118.50
6.50
28.00
2.50
81.00
83.50
34 Klas I skeletal
26.50 7.00 120.00
11.50
31.00 7.00 113.25
30.00
No. Sampel Klasifikasi Klas SNA ( ˚) SNB ( ˚) ANB ( ˚)
72.00
24.00
4.00
76.00
80.00
25 Klas I skeletal
25.00 6.50 128.00
6.00
25.00
3.00
69.00
24 Klas I skeletal
30.00 8.00 125.00
26.00 6.00 124.00
6.50
29.00
3.00
78.00
81.00
23 Klas I skeletal
I.I ( ˚)
I.NB ( ˚) I-NB (mm)
I.NA ( ˚) I-NA (mm)
5.00
26 Klas I skeletal
4.00
24.00 4.50 126.00
75.00
79.00
29 Klas I skeletal
28.50 5.00 115.00
10.00
35.50
2.00
76.00
78.00
28 Klas I skeletal
6.00
77.00
27.50
3.00
76.00
79.00
27 Klas I skeletal
29.00 6.00 120.00
7.00
29.00
3.00
75.00
30.50 6.25 117.00
38 Klas II skeletal
86.00
27.50 7.25 124.50
42 Klas II skeletal
84.00
76.00
8.00
20.00
5.00
28.00 7.75 126.00
43 Klas II skeletal
79.00
21.00
7.00
24.00
5.00
27.00 8.00 123.00
44 Klas II skeletal
86.00
81.50
5.50
20.00
4.00
3.00
7.00
82.00
23.00
76.00
6.00
21.00
4.00
25.00 8.00 127.00
39 Klas II skeletal
78.00
71.00
7.50
4.00
75.50
32.00 8.75 120.00
40 Klas II skeletal
85.00
80.00
5.00
19.00
4.00
23.00 5.00 130.00
41 Klas II skeletal
82.50
21.00 5.00 133.00
Lampiran 5
Distribusi nilai rerata derajat I.NA, I.NB, I,I dan ukuran linear I-NA, I-NB
antara pola pernafasan normal (melalui hidung) dan pernafasan melalui mulut
pada maloklusi Klas I skeletal
Group Statistics
Polapernafasan N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error MeanI.NA.derajat Melalui hidung 11 23.7727 2.02007 .60907 Melalui mulut 15 29.0333 2.92902 .75627
I.NA.linear Melalui hidung 11 5.1136 1.08607 .32746 Melalui mulut 15 7.4667 2.18327 .56372
I.NB.derajat Melalui hidung 11 25.8182 3.27508 .98747 Melalui mulut 15 28.1000 2.46909 .63752
I.NB.linear Melalui hidung 11 6.2955 1.83309 .55270 Melalui mulut 15 6.7833 1.20218 .31040
I.I Melalui hidung 11 127.0227 4.50202 1.35741 Melalui mulut 15 120.4667 4.34132 1.12092
Lampiran 6 Hasil perhitungan statistik uji-t Independen terhadap nilai I.NA, I-NA, I.NB,
I-NB dan I.I antara pola pernafasan normal (melalui hidung) dan pernafasan
melalui mulut pada maloklusi Klas I skeletal
Independent Samples Test
Levene's Test for Equality ofVariances t-test for Equality of Means 95% Confidence Interval of the Difference
Sig. (2- Mean Std. Error F Sig. t Df tailed) Difference Difference Lower Upper
I.NA Equal variances .564 .460 -5.118 24 .000 -5.26061 1.02787 -7.38202 -3.13919 assumed Equal variances -5.418 23.947 .000 -5.26061 .97104 -7.26497 -3.25625 not assumed
I-NA Equal variances 4.568 .043 -3.277 24 .003 -2.35303 .71805 -3.83501 -.87105 assumed Equal variances -3.609 21.599 .002 -2.35303 .65193 -3.70650 -.99956 not assumed
I.NB Equal variances 1.084 .308 -2.029 24 .054 -2.28182 1.12455 -4.60278 .03915 assumed Equal variances -1.941 17.857 .068 -2.28182 1.17539 -4.75263 .18899 not assumed
I-NB Equal variances 5.360 .029 -.821 24 .420 -.48788 .59453 -1.71493 .73917 assumed Equal variances -.770 16.155 .453 -.48788 .63390 -1.83063 .85487 not assumed
I.I Equal variances .099 .756 3.746 24 .001 6.55606 1.75018 2.94386 10.16826 assumed Equal variances 3.724 21.235 .001 6.55606 1.76041 2.89756 10.21456
Lampiran 7
Distribusi nilai rerata derajat I.NA, I.NB, I,I dan ukuran linear I-NA, I-NB
antara pola pernafasan normal (melalui hidung) dan pernafasan melalui mulut
pada maloklusi Klas II skeletal
Group Statistics
Polapernafasan N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error MeanI.NA.derajat Melalui hidung 11 22.1136 2.60616 .78579 Melalui mulut 7 27.3214 2.36165 .89262
I.NA.linear Melalui hidung 11 4.5909 1.24133 .37428 Melalui mulut 7 5.3571 .80178 .30305
I.NB.derajat Melalui hidung 11 27.1818 3.23475 .97532 Melalui mulut 7 30.1429 2.54484 .96186
I.NB.linear Melalui hidung 11 6.9091 1.52181 .45884 Melalui mulut 7 8.6071 1.71912 .64976
I.I Melalui hidung 11 124.0909 5.06985 1.52862 Melalui mulut 7 117.0714 5.61752 2.12322
Lampiran 8 Hasil perhitungan statistik uji-t Independen terhadap nilai I.NA, I-NA, I.NB,
I-NB dan I.I antara pola pernafasan normal (melalui hidung) dan pernafasan
melalui mulut pada maloklusi Klas II skeletal
Independent Samples Test
Levene's Test for Equality ofVariances t-test for Equality of Means 95% Confidence Interval of the Difference
Sig. (2- Mean Std. Error F Sig. t df tailed) Difference Difference Lower Upper
I.NA Equal variances .711 .411 -4.279 16 .001 -5.20779 1.21707 -7.78788 -2.62771 assumed Equal variances -4.379 13.896 .001 -5.20779 1.18921 -7.76020 -2.65539 not assumed
I-NA Equal variances 2.108 .166 -1.444 16 .168 -.76623 .53055 -1.89096 .35849 assumed Equal variances -1.591 15.970 .131 -.76623 .48158 -1.78729 .25483 not assumed
I.NB Equal variances .204 .657 -2.045 16 .058 -2.96104 1.44793 -6.03051 .10843 assumed Equal variances -2.162 15.102 .047 -2.96104 1.36982 -5.87903 -.04305 not assumed
I-NB Equal variances .001 .978 -2.197 16 .043 -1.69805 .77294 -3.33661 -.05949 assumed Equal variances -2.135 11.726 .055 -1.69805 .79544 -3.43567 .03957 not assumed
I.I Equal variances .008 .928 2.749 16 .014 7.01948 2.55376 1.60575 12.43321 assumed Equal variances 2.683 11.912 .020 7.01948 2.61625 1.31448 12.72448
Lampiran 9 Hasil Uji Statistik Shapiro-Wilk Terhadap Distribusi Nilai Derajat I.NA, I.NB,
I.I dan Ukuran Linear I-NA, I-NB Pada Pola Pernafasan Normal (Hidung) dan Pernafasan Melalui Mulut Tests of Normality Shapiro-Wilk Pola Pernafasan Statistic df Sig.
I.NA Melalui hidung .928 11 .387 Melalui mulut .976 15 .933
a. Lilliefors Significance Correction *. This is a lower bound of the true significance.
Tests of Normality Shapiro-Wilk Pola Pernafasan Statistic df Sig.
I-NA Melalui hidung .913 11 .263 Melalui mulut .896 15 .082
a. Lilliefors Significance Correction *. This is a lower bound of the true significance.
Tests of Normality
Pola Pernafasan Shapiro-Wilk Statistic Df Sig.
I.NB Melalui hidung .978 11 .951 Melalui mulut .976 15 .939
a. Lilliefors Significance Correction *. This is a lower bound of the true significance.
Tests of Normality Shapiro-Wilk Pola Pernafasan Statistic df Sig.
I-NB Melalui hidung .900 11 .182 Melalui mulut .980 15 .972
a. Lilliefors Significance Correction *. This is a lower bound of the true significance.
Tests of Normality Shapiro-Wilk Pola Pernafasan Statistic Df Sig.
I.I Melalui hidung .889 11 .135 Melalui mulut .963 15 .748
a. Lilliefors Significance Correction *. This is a lower bound of the true significance.
Lampiran 10
Distribusi Nilai Rerata Derajat I.NA, I.NB, I.I dan Ukuran Linear I-NA, I-NB
Antara Maloklusi Klas I dan Klas II Skeletal Pada Pola Pernafasan Normal
(Hidung) Dan Pernafasan Melalui Mulut
Group Statistics
KlasifikasiKlas N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean
I.NA Klas I skeletal 26 26.8077 3.66900 .71955 Klas II skeletal 18 24.1389 3.57609 .84289 I-NA Klas I skeletal 26 6.4712 2.13228 .41818 Klas II skeletal 18 4.8889 1.13183 .26678
I.NB Klas I skeletal 26 27.1346 3.00436 .58920 Klas II skeletal 18 28.3333 3.26298 .76909 I-NB Klas I skeletal 26 6.5769 1.48790 .29180 Klas II skeletal 18 7.5694 1.76944 .41706
I.I Klas I skeletal 26 123.2404 5.43805 1.06649 Klas II skeletal 18 121.3611 6.21740 1.46545 PolaPernafasan Klas I skeletal
26
1.58 .504 .099 Klas II skeletal18
1.39 .502 .118Lampiran 11 Hasil Perhitungan Statistik Uji-T Independen Terhadap Nilai I.NA, I-NA, I.NB, I-NB dan I.I Antara Maloklusi Klas I dan Klas II Skeletal
Pada Pola Pernafasan Normal (Hidung) dan
Levene's Test for Pernafasan Melalui Mulut
Equality of Variances t-test for Equality of Means
Sig. (2- Std. Error 95% Confidence Interval of the Difference I.NA Equal variances assumed .002 .962 2.397 Equal variances not 2.408 37.326 .021 2.66880 1.10825 .42394 4.91367 F Sig. t df tailed) Mean Difference Difference Lower Upper 42 .021 2.66880 1.11355 .42156 4.91604 I-NA Equal variances assumed 3.342 .075 2.874 assumed Equal variances not 3.190 39.796 .003 1.58226 .49602 .57960 2.58493 42 .006 1.58226 .55063 .47105 2.69348 I.NB Equal variances assumed .193 .663 -1.256 assumed Equal variances not -1.237 34.686 .224 -1.19872 .96885 -3.16622 .76878 42 .216 -1.19872 .95409 -3.12416 .72672 I-NB Equal variances assumed .587 .448 -2.013 Equal variances not -1.950 32.433 .060 -.99252 .50901 -2.02879 .04375 assumed 42 .051 -.99252 .49299 -1.98741 .00237 I.I Equal variances assumed .895 .350 1.063 assumed Equal variances not 1.037 33.404 .307 1.87927 1.81245 -1.80648 5.56503 42 .294 1.87927 1.76805 -1.68879 5.44733 Pola Pernafasan Equal variances assumed .204 .654 1.219 Equal variances not 1.220 36.824 .230 .188 .154 -.124 .500 assumed 42 .230 .188 .154 -.123 .499 assumedLampiran 12