S PLB 1205526 Table of content

DAFTAR ISI

LEMBAR PENGESAHAN
LEMBAR PERNYATAAN
UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH ........................................................................

i

KATA PENGANTAR...................................................................................

iii

ABSTRAK .....................................................................................................

iv

DAFTAR ISI .................................................................................................

vi

DAFTAR TABEL .........................................................................................

viii

DAFTAR GRAFIK.......................................................................................

ix

DAFTAR GAMBAR ...................................................................................

x

BAB I PENDAHULUAN
A. Latar Belakang.....................................................................................

1

B. Identifikasi Masalah ............................................................................

3

C. Batasan Masalah..................................................................................

4

D. Rumusan Masalah ...............................................................................

4

E. Tujuan Penelitian .................................................................................

4

F. Kegunaan Penelitian ............................................................................

5

G. Struktur Organisasi ..............................................................................

5

BAB II KAJIAN PUSTAKA
A. Konsep Dasar Low Vision
1. Definisi Low Vision .....................................................................

7

2. Ciri-Ciri Low Vision .....................................................................

8

3. Klasifikasi Low Vision..................................................................

9

4. Dampak Low Vision terhadap Kemampuan Membaca.................

9

B. Konsep Dasar Membaca Permulaan
1. Definisi Membaca Permulaan .......................................................

10

2. Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kemampuan Membaca ...................

11

C. Metode Fernald ..................................................................................

13

vi
Ratih Ratnasari , 2016
PENGARUH METOD E FERNALD TERHAD AP KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA PERMULAAN HURUF AWAS
PESERTA D IDIK LOW VISION
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu

D. Kerangka Berfikir ................................................................................

14

E. Hipotesis ..............................................................................................

15

BAB III METODE PENELITIAN
A. Definisi Operasional Variabel .............................................................

16

B. Metode Penelitian ................................................................................

17

C. Desain Penelitian .................................................................................

18

D. Subjek Penelitian .................................................................................

19

E. Teknik Pengumpulan Data..................................................................

20

F. Analisis Data .......................................................................................

23

BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN
A. Hasil Penelitian
1. Data Hasil Baseline (A1) ..............................................................

27

2. Data Hasil Intervensi (B) ..............................................................

28

3. Data Hasil Baseline (A2) ..............................................................

30

B. Analisis Data
1. Analisis dalam Kondisi .................................................................

31

2. Analisis antar Kondisi ...................................................................

38

C. Pembahasan .........................................................................................

42

BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN REKOMENDASI
A. Kesimpulan ..........................................................................................

45

B. Rekomendasi........................................................................................

45

DAFTAR PUSTAKA ....................................................................................

47

LAMPIRAN
RIWAYAT HIDUP

vii
Ratih Ratnasari , 2016
PENGARUH METOD E FERNALD TERHAD AP KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA PERMULAAN HURUF AWAS
PESERTA D IDIK LOW VISION
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu

DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 3.1:

Kisi-Kisi Instrumen Membaca Permulaan ...............................

21

Tabel 3.2:

Instrumen Penelitian...................................................................

21

Tabel 3.3:

Kriteria Penilaian........................................................................

22

Tabel 4.1:

Hasil Baseline (A1) ..................................................................

27

Tabel 4.2:

Hasil Intervensi (B) ...................................................................

28

Tabel 4.3:

Hasil Baseline (A2) ...................................................................

30

Tabel 4.4:

Panjang Kondisi Penelitian ........................................................

31

Tabel 4.5:

Estimasi Kecenderungan Arah ..................................................

32

Tabel 4.6:

Kecenderungan Stabilitas dalam Kondisi Desain A-B-A .........

36

Tabel 4.7:

Kecenderungan Jejak Data dalam Kondisi A-B-A ...................

36

Tabel 4.8:

Level Stabilitas dan Rentang Data dalam Kondisi ..................

37

Tabel 4.9:

Level Perubahan Data dalam Kondisi A-B-A...........................

37

Tabel 4.10: Rangkuman Hasil Analisis Visual dalam Kondisi.....................

38

Tabel 4.11: Jumlah Variabel yang diubah.....................................................

38

Tabel 4.12: Perubahan Kecenderunga Arah dan Efeknya.............................

39

Tabel 4.13: Perubahan Kecenderungan Stabilitas .........................................

39

Tabel 4.14: Perubahan Level Data ...............................................................

40

Tabel 4.15: Data Persentase Overlap ..........................................................

41

Tabel 4.16: Rangkuman Hasil Analisis Visual Antar Kondisi .....................

42

viii
Ratih Ratnasari , 2016
PENGARUH METOD E FERNALD TERHAD AP KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA PERMULAAN HURUF AWAS
PESERTA D IDIK LOW VISION
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu

DAFTAR GRAFIK

Grafik 4.1:

Hasil Baseline (A1).................................................................

28

Grafik 4.2:

Hasil Intervensi (B).................................................................

29

Grafik 4.3:

Hasil Baseline (A2).................................................................

31

Grafik 4.4:

Kecenderungan Arah Analisis dalam Kondisi ........................

32

Grafik 4.5:

Level Stabilitas pada Baseline (A1)........................................

33

Grafik 4.6:

Level Stabilitas pada Intervensi (B)........................................

34

Grafik 4.7:

Level Stabilitas pada Baseline (A2)........................................

35

Grafik 4.8:

Data Overlap Kondisi Baseline (A1) ke Intervensi (B)..........

40

Grafik 4.9:

Data Overlap Kondisi Intervensi (B) ke Baseline (A2)..........

41

ix
Ratih Ratnasari , 2016
PENGARUH METOD E FERNALD TERHAD AP KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA PERMULAAN HURUF AWAS
PESERTA D IDIK LOW VISION
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu

DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 3.1: Desain A-B-A...........................................................................

18

x
Ratih Ratnasari , 2016
PENGARUH METOD E FERNALD TERHAD AP KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA PERMULAAN HURUF AWAS
PESERTA D IDIK LOW VISION
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu