Submitted to the Board of Examiners as a partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Sarjana Pendidikan Islam (S.Pd.I) English Education Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty State Institute for Islamic Studies (IAIN) Salatiga

  

THE ANALYSIS OF RHETORICAL MESSAGES OF

CHARACTER BUILDING IN SHORT FUNCTIONAL TEXTS

OF JAKARTA POST

GRADUATING PAPER

Submitted to the Board of Examiners as a partial fulfillment of the

requirements for the degree of Sarjana Pendidikan Islam (S.Pd.I)

  

English Education Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty

State Institute for Islamic Studies (IAIN) Salatiga

Written By:

LUTFI GHOZALI

  

113 11 108

ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY

STATE INSTITUTE FOR ISLAMIC STUDIES (IAIN)

  

SALATIGA

2015

  

MOTTO

نيدلاولااضر يف للها اضر

نيدلاولا طخس يف للها طخسو

  

“Allah’s pleasant is on parents’ pleasant, Allah’s anger is on parents’ anger”

(H.R Bukhari and Muslim)

........ عاك حانملا انلن اننأف انب فر

  

"Know our self, so we’ll get the fortune”

(Al Fiyyah Ibn Malik)

  

DEDICATION

  I dedicate this graduating paper to;

  1. My God, Allah SWT who always besides me, listens to me, takes care of me, and gives me the best thing ever.

  2. All of my family, especially for my small family, my parents Mrs. Siti Musyarofah, Mr. Marwi, and my brothers Ulil Azmi, Hilmy Murtaja thanks for guidance, motivation and everything till I finished graduating paper

  ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Assalamua’alaikum Wr. Wb.

  All praise due to Allah, the Most Gracious and the Most Merciful because of His wonderful blessing and His mercy, the writer can finish this graduating paper successfully. The incredible blessings make realize that nothing is impossible in the eyes. Thanks for Your will and endless blessing in my life.

  Peace and salutation always be given to our beloved prophet Muhammad SAW that Moslem hopes his blessing in the Judgment day. However, this success would not be achieved without the support, guidance, advice, help and encouragement from individuals and institutions. Therefore, the writer would like to express the deepest gratitude to:

  1. Dr. Rahmat Hariyadi, M. Pd., Rector of State Institute for Islamic Studies (IAIN) Salatiga.

  2. Mr. Suwardi, M. Pd., Dean of Teacher Trainig and Education Faculty of State Institute for Islamic Studies (IAIN) Salatiga.

  3. Mrs. Noor Malihah, Ph. D., as the Head of English Education Department.

  4. Rr. Dewi Wahyu Mustikasari, M.Pd., as the counselor of this research, thank for suggestion and recommendation for this research from beginning until the end.

  5. All lecturers of English Education Department of IAIN Salatiga, thank for your advice, knowledge, and kindness.

  6. My beloved family who always support and advise me.

  7. All of big families JQH AL FURQAN IAIN Salatiga for your kindness, brotherhood, love, and smile and soon. I will never forget it.

  8. My best friends (Honang, Nafik, Faiz, Hasan, Wahyu, Rifqy, and Dzulfikar,), thanks for being by my side for your support and success for you all.

  Salatiga, 2 August 04

  th

  2015 The writer

  Lutfi Ghozali NIM. 113-11-108

  

ABSTRACT

  Ghozali, Lutfi. 2015. The Analysis of Rhetorical Messages of Character Building

  

in Short Functional Texts of Jakarta Post. Graduating Paper English Education

Department of State Institute for Islamic Studies (IAIN) Salatiga.

  Counselor: Rr. Dewi Wahyu Mustikasari, M.Pd..

  Keywords: Rhetorical, Messages, character building, short functional texts, and Jakarta Post.

  The aims of this research are (1) to find out rhetorical messages of character building values in the Jakarta Post and (2) to analyze kinds of short functional texts in the Jakarta Post. The research method that is used in this research is qualitative research. The object of the study is Jakarta Post edition 09-14 February and 09-14 March 2015. The technique of collecting data that is applied by the writer is documentation method. After analyze the data, the writer found several findings based on the analysis rhetorical messages of character building and kinds of short functional texts in the Jakarta Post. There are three of characters values that found in the Jakarta Post that are trustworthiness, caring, and responsibility and 563 rhetorical messages of characters building found in short functional texts. Overall found 569 characters building. The writer also found kinds 1018 kinds of short functional texts such as advertisement occupies the highest position 98. 3%. Announcement is about 0. 54%, invitation card 0. 81%.

  

TABLE OF CONTENTS

  TITLE ..................................................................................................................... i DECLARATION .................................................................................................. ii ATTENTIVE COUNSELOR NOTES ................................................................. iii STATEMENT OF CERTIFICATION ................................................................. iv MOTTO ................................................................................................................. v DEDICATION ..................................................................................................... vi ACKNOWLEDGMENT ..................................................................................... vii ABSTRACT ......................................................................................................... ix TABLE OF CONTENT ......................................................................................... x LIST OF TABLES .............................................................................................. xiv LIST OF CHARTS .............................................................................................. xvi

  CHAPTER 1 : INTRODUCTION A. Background of the Study ............................................................. 1 B. Problems of the Study .................................................................. 3 C. Purposes of the Study .................................................................. 3 D. Significance of The study ............................................................ 4 E. Limitation of t

  he Study………………………………………....4

  F. Definition of Key Terms ............................................................. 5

  G. Outline of the Graduating paper .................................................. 6

  CHAPTER 1I : REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE A. Review of Related Literature ...................................................... 7 B. Rhetorical Messages .................................................................... 8 C. Character Building ....................................................................... 9 D. Short Functional Texts

  1. Definition of Text ............................................................... 12

  2. Definition of Short Functional Texts .................................. 13

  3. Kinds of Short Functional Texts ......................................... 14

  4. Definition of Jakarta Post ................................................... 21

  CHAPTER III : RESEARCH METHOD A. Research Approach ........................................................................

  23 B. Type of Research ....................................................................... 23

  C. Object of the Study .................................................................... 24

  D. Source of Data .................................................................................

  24 E. Data Collection Method............................................................. 25

  F. Data Analysis ............................................................................. 25

  CHAPTER IV : DISCUSSION AND FINDING A. Discussion ................................................................................. 26

  1. Kinds of Short Functional Texts ......................................... 26

  2. Analyzing Rhetorical Messages of Character Building..... 52

  B. Finding ...................................................................................... 61

  CHAPTER V : CLOSURE A. Conclusions ................................................................................ 63 B. Suggestions ................................................................................ 63 REFERENCES CURRICULUM VITAE APPENDICES

  

LIST OF TABLES

Table 2.1 Standard Competencies .......................................................................... 13Table 4.1 Kinds of Short Functional Texts ........................................................... 26Table 4.2 Announcement Table ............................................................................. 28Table 2.4 Agent Column ........................................................................................ 29Table 4.4 Apartment Column ................................................................................. 30Table 4.5 Cars Rent Column .................................................................................. 33Table 4.6 Cars for Sale Column ............................................................................. 34Table 4.7 Courses Column ..................................................................................... 39Table 4.8 For Lease Column .................................................................................. 40Table 4.9 Massage Column .................................................................................... 40Table 4.10 Moving Column ................................................................................... 42Table 4.11 Translation Column ............................................................................ 43Table 4.12 Services Column .................................................................................. 43Table 4.13 Pet Shop .............................................................................................. 46Table 4.14 Funeral Home ....................................................................................... 48Table 4.15 Vacancy Column ................................................................................. 49Table 4.16 Hotel Column ....................................................................................... 50Table 4.17 Offices Rent Column ........................................................................... 51Table 4.18 Notice .................................................................................................. 51Table 4.19 Invitation Card .................................................................................... 52Table 4.20 Caring (Announcement) ....................................................................... 53Table 4.21 Trustworthiness (Announcement) ........................................................ 54Table 4.22 Responsibility (Announcement) .......................................................... 54Table 4.23 Trustworthiness (Advertisement) ......................................................... 55Table 4.24 Caring (Advertisement) ....................................................................... 59Table 4.25 Responsibility (Advertisement) .......................................................... 59Table 4.26 Caring (Notice) .................................................................................... 60Table 4.27 Caring (Invitation)................................................................................ 61

  

LIST OF CHARTS

  Chart 4.1 Distribution of Short Functional texts ................................................... 27

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION A. Background of the Research Everybody in this world needs some ways to communicate with

  others. Therefore, they have to master language. As human being, people tend to live or interact with other. It proves that human beings are social creatures who need to interaction each other. As social creatures, the most important thing is that naturally motivated to interact with other people to express their existence, needs, and opinion. Additionally, they try to understand others about what they read to get information, looking for solution and so on. The importance of language includes a lot of aspects, because experience, feeling and idea of someone can only be known by other people by using language. It means that language is for communication.

  According to Wardhaugh (1992:1), “language is what the members of a particular society speak

  ”. Language is the way to communicate element between nation and society that used to consign an idea and someone feeling (Kamil, 1982:7). From the statement above the writer can take the lesson that what important language is, in this world. Comparing the language, the writer can know between one nation with others.

  English is an international language. It is used in almost the whole world for any purposes as the media of communication to help people communicate and interact with other. Beside that, English is also prestige; people who are able to communicate using English are considered as modern and civilized people. That is why it becomes a necessity to master that language.

  There are four skills to master language that is reading, listening, writing, and speaking. Reading is the important part among four language skills, by reading we can understand knowledge and enrich our perception. Islam has been teaching us to read. It has been figured by our prophet Muhammad when he accepted the first revelation. It shows in Al „Alaq: 1:

       

Meaning :Proclaim! (or read!) in the name of thy Lord and

Cherisher, Who created (Al Alaq:1)

  In social life, reading is one of the important parts of people to get information in their circle life. They can‟t avoid from reading activity.

  Furthermore, they often meet lot of reading texts materials such as announcement, advertisement, greeting cards, short message, notice, caution, invitation cards, postcards, shopping list, and food label. Those are related texts above, the writer often meet in magazine, newspaper, billboard, announcement board and so on. Need to remember, from that many texts, there are texts that refers to character building and nor. It gives influence toward reader mindset.

  As a good reader, they should be able to give critics, message, and comment to reading material that have been read. Are the texts suitable with context or not, updated or not? That‟s all that have to be cleared.

  Nowadays, our country is affected by moral degradation. It‟s showed by brawl accident everywhere, the son killing his father, and so on. As young people and next generation, they should learn actively to get what they wish for their future and get their goal. But in fact that‟s not all like that. Here mass media and some kinds of it are very influential toward reader mind set. According to Wiryanto (2006:22),

  “the all-powerful media are able to impress ideas on defenseless minds ”.

  Based on the explanation above, the writer wants to analyze character building that is found in jakarta post of short functional texts form. So the title taken by writer is about

  “The Analysis of Rhetorical Messages of Character Building in Short Functional Texts of Jakarta post ”.

B. Problems of the Study

  1. Is there any kind of character building values in the Jakarta post?

  2. What are kinds of short functional texts in the Jakarta post? C.

   Purposes of the Study

  1. To analyze rhetorical messages of character building values in the Jakarta post.

  2. To find out kinds of short functional texts in the Jakarta post.

D. Significance of The study

  This study hopefully gives some benefits to;

  1. Readers Through this research:

  a. They get new knowledge about the kinds of short functional text and character building values.

  b. They can enrich their knowledge and comprehension how to analyze short functional text and character building values.

  c. They can take positive subject in the Jakarta post.

  d. They get the importance of analyzing character building values in the Jakarta post.

  2. Other Researcher The result of the research can be used to develop various research of character building. It can be used as enriching references on character building.

E. Limitation of the Study

  This study is focused on the describing and analyzing the kinds of short functional texts and rhetorical messages of character building in printed media of Jakarta post Newspaper edition 09-14 February and 09- 14 March 2015.

F. Definition of Key Terms

  1. Rhetorical According to Hornby (1974:728), rhetorical is using a style designed to impress or persuade; artificial or exaggerated in language.

  2. Message According to Harlow (2003:1205), message is a spoken or written piece of information that you send to another person or leave for them.

  3. Characters Building Endang Mulyasa (2011: 3), propose Wynee opinion that the term of character is taken from Greece language is „to mark’. This term more focused on how to attempt the implementation good values in action form or behavior.

  4. Short Functional text Functional text is used for everyday information. Its presents information or ideas and aimed to show, tell or persuade the audience

  (Mark and Kathy, 1997: 3).

  5. Jakarta Post The Jakarta post is a daily English language newspaper in

  Indonesia. The paper is owned by PT Bina Media Tenggara, and the head office is in the nation's capital, Jakarta.

  [Accessed on 2015,

  30 September. Retrieved from

  

G. Outline of the Graduating paper

  This study consists of five chapters. The writer organizes the graduating paper to make readers more easily in comprehending the content.

  Chapter I: Introduction that includes the background of the study, problems of the study, purpose of the study, significance of the study, limitation of the study, definition of key terms, and outline of graduating paper.

  Chapter II: Review of related literature, such as previous research review, theoretical foundation which includes the meaning of rhetorical messages of character building, short functional texts and Jakarta Post.

  Chapter III: Research method. This chapter describes of research approaches, type of research, object of the study, source of data and data collection method.

  Chapter IV: Data Analysis which contains of data analysis research finding Chapter V: Closure containing conclusion and suggestion. The last part is references and appendices

CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE A. Previous Research Review Sari Anjani is the student of Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University (UIN) of Jakarta in academic year of 2014. Her

  title is “The

  Effectiveness of Using Authentic Materials t owards Student’s Reading Comprehension of Short Functional Texts

  ”. In her research, she focused on “Effectiveness of Using Authentic Materials towards Students‟ Reading Comprehension of Short Functional T exts”. She used quantitative method. The result of her research was using Jakarta post. The effectiveness in teaching students‟ reading comprehension is using short functional texts, and the result of the statistic was said that the calculation indicated the value of t = 2,29 and the value of df (degree of freedom) 68 % with significance 5 % is 1.66. Comparing the t with each values of degree significance, the writer finds that t is higher than t . The result showed

  table that t-test (t ) > t-table (t t ) (2.29 > 1.66).

  Ainnia Balchis Vella Desia, the student of State Institute For Islamic Studies Salatiga in academi c year of 2014. His title is “An Descriptive

  Analysis of Character Building Values Seen in “I AM SAM” Script”. She

  used qualitative method. The purpose of this research is to analyze moral values in the movie “I AM SAM” and to discover movie influence both the teacher and students to learn or behave well and politely in the teaching process.

  Based on thesis above, some of key terms are same with this research, which is applied as character building and short functional texts.

  The uniqueness of this research compared with other researches above is use of Jakarta post as object of this research. Jakarta post is the one of Indonesian newspaper that use English language and it is the most popular newspaper in Indonesia. This research can be reference to choice which one text that include character building and not.

  This chapter the writer shows review of related literature used in this study. This chapter is giving information concerned with the research problems. It consists of: the definition of rhetorical messages, character building, short functional texts definition, and Jakarta Post.

B. Rhetorical Messages

  Rhetorical messages are consist of two words, that are rhetorical and message. Rhetorical is using a style designed to impress or persuade; artificial or exaggerated in language (Hornby, 1974:728). While, message is a spoken or written piece of information that you send to another person or leave for them (Harlow, 2003:1205).

  Furthermore, it can be conclude that rhetorical messages is message that send from one person to another person persuasively event exaggerated in language.

C. Character Building

  Endang Mulyasa (2011: 3), propose Wynee opinion that the term of character is taken from Greece language is „to mark’. This term more focused on how to attempt the implementation good values in action form or behavior.

  Others definition based on Lickona quoted by Muslich (2011: 50), there are three components of characters; moral knowing, moral feeling, and moral action. Therefore, hopefully the people can understand feeling, and doing useful values.

  Mustikasari (2014: 9) said that character building is to be implemented in teaching and learning process because teachers play an important role to educate students. So, the teacher as educator should learn about student character because it can make him to master and manage the student if there is a problem, and he takes an apart to educate the student.

  William and Burden (1997: 120) in Mustikasari motivation may be constructed as: “a) state of cognitive and emotional arousal. b) Which leads to conscious decision to act. c) Which gives rise to a period of sustained intellectual and or physical effort. d) In order to attain a previously set goal (or goals)

  ” Therefore, everybody who can construct themselves have real character. Furthermore, he can get strong principle and will not be easy to change. Knowing other people and knowing environment around is participating in the process of self-constructing too. According to Linda and Richard (1997; vi), There are several kinds of character values: they include the universal concepts such as bravery, peace ability, self-reliance, self-discipline, loyalty, respecting others, and love and affection

  1. Honesty is the strength and confidence that come from within (Linda and Eyre, 1997: 3)

  2. Brave to try the good stuff though difficult. Brave to say no to an invitation to do a breach. (Linda and Eyre, 1997: 17)

  3. Peace ability, the Poise and patience in adopt opinion from other people. Understand that the differences are rarely resolved through conflict; the differences should be resolved by peaceful (Linda and Eyre, 1997: 35)

  4. Self-reliance, overcome the tendency to blame others when experiencing difficulties. Believe in the ability of self (Linda and Eyre, 1997: 48)

  5. Self- discipline, can to activate and organize of yourself, to control your emotions and be able to control in personal desire (Linda and Eyre, 1997: 64)

  6. Loyalty, loyal to family, job, state, school, and other organization and institutions to which we are responsible. Prepared to support, serve, and help. (Linda and Eyre, 1997: 101)

  7. Respecting others, respect for life, respect for parents, respect for the older, and respect for the beliefs. Civilized and courteous behavior (Linda and Eyre, 1997:112)

  8. Love and affection, love to yourself more than just a loyal and respectful. Affection to friends, love to neighbor, love to hate us and put the responsibility for love life to family (Linda and Eyre, 1997: 124)

  The writer suggests that not all of people have chosen characters, but in reality everybody have two and three character maximally. Character values of person can be seen when he did something continuously and consciously.

  Character based on Foester in Sutarjo (2012: 77) is something that makes one qualified. Character becomes identities, distinctive feature, constant characteristic, that contains experience that is always changed. Therefore, character is set of values that become habitual life and become constant characteristic inside the ones.

  Furthermore, there are some traits that can be used as a guide for analyzing characters building in this research. The following is the six pillars of character building:

  “1) Trustworthiness: be honest, be reliable, build a good reputation, and be royal. 2) Respect: treat others with respect, be tolerant and accepting of differences, be considerate of the feelings of others. 3) Responsibility: do the best, plan ahead, use self-controlling, be self-disciplined. 4) Caring: be kind to others, show your careness, express gratitude and help people in need. 5) Fairness: play by rules, not blame others, and treat people fairly. 6) Citizenship: cooperate, involve in community affairs, stay informed, and obey rules ”.

  (Adopted from quoted by Mustikasari, Rr. Dewi Wahyu.(2012). Boosting character building through an integrated- skills Task an ICT‟s usage)”.

  Based on the explanation above, the writer uses six pillars as a character building to analyze the data. Because there are aspects of character building that can be used as references in the research. The aspects of character building above are as the main sources.

D. Short Functional text

1. Definition of Text

  Based on Anderson cited by Floriasti (2012;3), text are pieces of written or spoken language created for a particular purpose and context. That definition tells us that text is not always in written form. It can be spoken text, not always in printed form because it can be a word or as thick as a book. When the words put together although spoken or written but the meaning is communicated meaning, the text is created.

  J House in Spolsky (1999: 598) give opinion can be seen: “For centuries, „text‟ have played a crucial role in traditional foreign language teaching. In the early stages of communicative language teaching (see language teaching method), however, work with written text was largely ignored due to the emphasis placed on creative oral language use. In the 1990s communicative language teaching has gained general acceptance, a more balanced view stressing the importance of all skills prevails-not least because of the influence exerted by studies in the fields of „text linguistic‟, cognitive text processing models, „discourse analysis‟, functional theories of language and text, and „contrastive rhetoric‟”.

  Respond on the J. House‟s opinion that text has existed since years ago. However, written text consider as not creative work because usage oral language is more creative.

2. Definition of Short Functional Text

  Based on Mark and Kathy in Anjani‟s graduating paper (2014: 13), functional text is used for everyday information. Its presents information or ideas and aim to show, tell or persuade the audience.

  Based on Standar Isi is called Standar Kompetensi. The complete standard competencies, particularly about Short Functional Texts in year XI, 2

  nd

  semester that are cited from BSNP or Badan

  Standar Nasional Pendidikan (National Standard of Education

  Bureau) are as follows:

Table 2.1 Standard Competencies

  

Standard of Competence Basic Competence

Reading

  11. Understanding meanings in short functional and simple essay texts of narrative, descriptive and news item in daily life contexts and to access knowledge

  11.1 Responding meanings accurately, fluently, and acceptably in formal and informal of short functional texts (e.g. announcement, add, invitation, etc.) that use the form of written expression in daily life contexts

  11.2 Responding meanings and rhetorical procedures accurately, fluently, and acceptably in simple essays that use in daily life contexts and to access knowledge in the form of narrative, descriptive and news item texts

  In the standard competencies there are some of short functional texts that can be learned by students of senior high school. The character building aspects are useful for learners studying in schools. Curriculum can be reference for both teachers and educators.

3. Kinds of Short Functional Text

  Based on Anjani‟s graduating paper (2014: 14) there are ten kinds of Short Functional Text as follows;

a. Announcement

  Announcement is an important of official statement that informs people about something. Example of announcements:

  1) School Announcement

  ANNOUNCEMENT

There will be a flag ceremony next Monday. All students must

wear white uniforms. Do not be late. Principal

  Source: Anjani’s graduating paper, p. 14 To: All grade IX Students From: Headmaster Please choose one of the activities: swimming, painting or

singing. Report to your class teacher or class captain which

activity you choose.

  Source: Anjani’s graduating paper, p. 14

  2) Wedding Announcement Mr. Lowrence James Fox

  And Miss Eleanor Rebecca Smith

  Announce their marriage on Saturday, the sixth of November two thousand and ten

  Chesterfield, Derbyshire

  Source: Anjani’s graduating paper, p. 14

  3) Outdoor Program Announcement Weekend Outbound

  Let‟s have weekend outbound! If you‟re the nature lovers, please join us on our program. It will be held on Sunday, 26 September 2010 in Puncak Campsite. The opening ceremony will be held at 7.am. If you are interested, please come and join us. Contact us and register your group of four. Wear your blue jeans and white T- shirt. Don‟t forget to bring necessary equipments, foods and drinks are provided by the committee. The Chairman, SecondaAlthaf Contact person: Mikaela Ahnaf (085814143801) Jl. Kintamani 75, Bekasi.

  Source: A njani’s graduating paper, p. 15

b. Advertisement

  Advertisement is a picture or set of words used to persuade people to buy a product or use of service, or it gives information about a job vacancy that is available. Example of advertisements:

  Grand Opening Special offer

  HAPPY-HAPPY MALL ALL ITEMS _{th th} 50%

  Start from 28 November until 8 December 2010 Source: Anjani’s graduating paper, p. 15

URGENTLY REQUIRED AN ENGLISH TEACHER

  Male max 35 years old S1 in English Education program 3 to 5 years working experience Send your application not later than st October 31 , 2010 to: SMAN 101 Bekasi, JalanBekasi Raya No. 12

  Source: A njani’s graduating paper, p. 16

  c. Greeting Cards

  A greeting card is a card, with a picture in front and a message inside, that you send to someone on their birthday or on a special occasion/ holiday.

  Happy Birth Day…. May your wish come true . . .

  Source: Anjani’s graduating paper, p. 16

  d. Short Message

  A short message is a written piece of information that you send/leave to another to another person. Example of short messages:

  

Hey Tina, I don’t think I can meet you tonight

because I have to pick up my grandma at the

airport.

  (Tony) Source: Anjani’s graduating paper, p. 17

  Dear Vera, Meet me in the library after school. I have something to show you. Please be there.

  Angga

  Source: Anjani’s graduating paper, p. 17

  e. Notice

  A notice is a sign or printed statement that gives information or a warning to people. Example of Notices:

  WAIT FOR LIFT Please

  DOORS To CLOSE switch off the light

  BEFORE PRESSING when

  BUTTON you don’t use it.

  Source: Anjani’s graduating paper, p. 17

  f. Caution

  A caution is a warning or piece of advice telling you to be careful. An example of caution:

  DANGER! DO NOT GO

  INTO THE WATER Source: Anjani’s graduating paper, p. 18

  g. Invitation Cards

  An invitation card is used to invite someone to attend the event like birthday party, wedding party, informal dinner, etc.

  1) An invitation card should give more information about: The name of the event a) When the event will be held

  b) Where the event will take place c) Additional information (e.g., dress code, RSVP) 2) Some common expressions used in an invitation cards are:

  a) You are invited to ……

  b) …… cordially invites you to ……

  c) Come and share our wedding Example of invitation cards:

  You and Your partner are invited to attend Jessica’s

14 Birthday in Hilton hotel.

  December 12, 2013 at 7:00 p.m. Jessica

  Source: Anjani’s graduating paper, p. 18 h.

   Postcard

  A postcard is a card that can be sent in the post without an envelope, especially with a picture on it. It is used for sending a short message.

  The message in a postcard usually consists of several parts: 1) Opening (greeting/salutation) 2) Body (the message) 3) Pre-Closing (it may be the conclusion of the message) 4)

  Closing (the writer‟s regard and signature) An example of postcard: Dear Maria,

  Yesterday, Uncle Tumijo took me and my cousin to the beach. It‟s called Parangtritis Beach and we had most beautiful view. Its large wave was really awesome.

  Unfortunately, we could not swim in this beach. There were so many deep hollows along the beach. People can easily be drowned. We played beach volleyball in the afternoon. Then, we took a traditional cart called andong and enjoyed the sunset. It was fun! Yours. Anne

  Yours Annete

  Source: Anjani’s graduating paper, p. 18

i. Shopping list

  A shopping list is a list that you make of all the things you want to buy when you go shopping. Example of shopping list: Some celery 1 ounce garlic

  1 ounce onion 1 kilos chicken

  Source: Anjani’s graduating paper, p. 20 j. Food Label A food label can be found on the back of most food products.

  This label gives information about the products, and can be useful if one is trying to eat healthy or one needs to avoid anything one is allergic to. An example of food label:

SILVER QUEEN

  Source: A njani’s graduating paper, p. 18

E. Jakarta post

  The Jakarta post is a daily English language newspaper in Indonesia. The paper is owned by PT Bina Media Tenggara, and the head office is in the nation's capital, Jakarta.

  The Jakarta post was started as collaboration between four Indonesian media under the urging of Information Minister Ali Murtopo and politician Jusuf Wanandi. After the first issue was printed on 25 April 1983, it spent several years with minimal advertisements and increasing circulation. After a change in chief editors in 1991, it began to take a more vocal pro-democracy point of view. The paper was one of the few Indonesian English-language dailies to survive the 1997 Asian financial crisis and currently has a circulation of about 40,000. The Jakarta post also features both a Sunday and Online edition, which go into detail not possible in the daily print edition [Accessed on 2015, 30 September. retrieved from

  

CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD 1. Research Approach Concerning the research problems and objectives, the writer used a

  descriptive qualitative approach in this research paper. Descriptive qualitative approach does not apply the detail arithmetic calculation or statistic which contains sentences or description of the objects.

  In this research, the writer used a descriptive method to analyze the data. According to Azwar (1998:6), in a descriptive method, the researcher analyzes and presents the fact systematically therefore it can be understood and concluded easily.

2. Type of Research

  The researcher used a qualitative research, which is defined as a research of which the data in the form of written or oral words that is descriptively analyzed. According to Anselm and Juliet (2007:4) qualitative research is kinds of research that finding of this research is not gets through statistic procedure or the other count. In a qualitative research, the researcher tends to prior in accurate explanation to analyze and presents what have been found.

3. Object of the Study

  The object of the research is analyze rhetorical messages of character building in short functional texts in the Jakarta post edition February 9-12, and March 9-12 edition 2015 as jakarta post.

  Explanation about how to analyze the data; Example:

  No Name How Often It Appear

  Code of texts

  1 Kementerian Pekerjaan

  Umum

  1 Apx-JP-2015-

  01An Explanation: Apx = Appendix (you can see in appendix)

  JP = Jakarta post as an jakarta post media 2015 = Year of newspaper published on 01 = List number of short functional texts An = Announcement Ad = Advertisement Inv = Invitation Nt = Notice 4.

   Source of Data

  For this case, the researcher looked for the source data from Jakarta post newspaper and finds one hundred fifty eight kinds of short functional text from Jakarta post newspaper, edition 9-14 February and 9-14 March 2015. The writer chooses this newspaper because this is the most popular newspaper in Indonesia and the one of Indonesian newspaper that uses English language.

  5. Data Collection Method Data Collection Method is one of important part in the research.

  According to Azwar (2010:36) there are many ways to collect the data, such as observation, instrument of collecting data and documentation.

  In this case the writer used documentation as the way to collect the data. Documentation is looks for data about condition or variable like notation, transcript, book, newspaper, magazine, historic inscription, meeting notation, agenda and so on (Arikunto, 2010:274).

  To obtain the data, the writer used Jakarta post newspaper as the data source and focused on character building in short functional text that found in Jakarta post newspaper, edition 9-14 February and 9-14 March 2015.

  6. Data Analysis

  In order to collect the data, the writer did research through these steps as follows:

  1. Reading the Jakarta post newspaper, edition 9-14 February, and 9-14 March 2015

  2. Selecting the kinds of short functional text

  3. Arranging data into some part based on classification

  4. Writing the data

  5. Analyzing the data, which one include character building

CHAPTER IV DISCUSSION AND FINDING A. Discussion

  2.

  4 1005

  3.

  1. Kinds of Short Functional Texts There are 1018 of short functional texts. It can be seen in table 4.1 and chart art 4.1.

Table 4.1 Kinds of Short Functional No. Kinds of Short Functional texts Number of Short Functional texts Percentage 1.

  4.

  6.

• 6

  7.

  8.

  9.

  10 Announcement Advertisement Greeting Card Short Message Notice Caution Invitation Card Post Card Shopping List Food Label

  3

• 0,39% 98,8% 0,29% 0,58%

  Total 1018 100%

  5.

  Chart 4.1 Distribution of short functional texts in the data.

  200 400 600 800

  1000 1200 Ann ao u n ce m e n t Ad v e rti se me n t G re e ti n g ca rd

  Sh o rt Ma ss age

  N o ti ce

  Cau ti o n

  

In

v

ita

ti

o

n

Ca

rd

  P o st Ca rd Sh o p p in g Li st Fo o d l a b el

  4 1005

  3

  

6

Number of Short Functional Texts Percentage

  Table and chart 4.1 shows the distribution of short functional texts in the data. It can be seen that not all of short functional texts are displayed in the Jakarta Post. Just as what has been explained that in this research, the writer uses Jakarta Post. Furthermore, in the Jakarta post has regulation to give information for the society. In the table 4.1, the writer finds advertisement occupies the highest position 98, 8%.

  Announcement is about 0.39%, notice 0.29%, and invitation card 0.81%, and other kinds of short functional text are cannot be found in the proposed edition.

  Based on explanation above, the writer would like to account short functional text that has percentage on the table, so the details are as follows:

a. Announcement

  The explanation about announcement data has been described totally in the beginning of the chapter IV. The detail of the data can be seen in the 4.2 table

Table 4.2 Announcement Table

  No Name How Often It Appear

  Code of texts

  1 Kementerian Apx-JP-09- Pekerjaan

  1 Feb-15-01An Umum