S PLB 1006567 Table Of Content
DAFTAR ISI
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN
PERNYATAAN ............................................................................................................ i
ABSTRAK ................................................................................................................... ii
KATA PENGANTAR ................................................................................................... iii
UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH ......................................................................................... iv
DAFTAR ISI ................................................................................................................ vi
DAFTAR TABEL ......................................................................................................... viii
DAFTAR GRAFIK ....................................................................................................... x
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ................................................................................................. xi
BAB I PENDAHULUAN
A. Latar Belakang Masalah ...................................................................................... 1
B. Identifikasi Masalah ............................................................................................ 3
C. Batasan Masalah ................................................................................................. 5
D. Rumusan Masalah ............................................................................................... 5
E. Tujuan dan Kegunaan Penelitian ......................................................................... 5
1. Tujuan Penelitian........................................................................................... 5
2. Kegunaan Penelitian ...................................................................................... 6
BAB II PEMBELAJARAN PENGUCAPAN HURUF KONSONAN B
hjgjjhjhjiaMELALUI SENAM MULUT PADA SISWA TUNARUNGU
A. Deskripsi Teori ................................................................................................... 8
1. Konsep Dasar Tunarungu .............................................................................. 8
2. Konsep Dasar Artikulasi/Pengucapan ............................................................ 11
3. Klasifikasi Bunyi Konsonan .......................................................................... 13
4. Kesalahan Ucap (Dyslalia ) ............................................................................ 18
5. Senam Mulut (Mouth Training) ..................................................................... 19
B. Penelitian yang Relevan ...................................................................................... 21
C. Kerangka Berpikir ............................................................................................... 21
D. Hipotesis Penelitian ............................................................................................. 24
vi
Astri Mega Anggraeni, 2014
Penerapan Senam Mulut (MOUTH TRAINING) dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Mengucapkan
Huruf Konsonan B pada Siswa Tunarungu di SLBN A Citeureup Cimahi
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN
A. Variabel Penelitian .............................................................................................. 25
1. Variabel Bebas .............................................................................................. 25
2. Variabel Terikat ............................................................................................ 26
B. Metode Penelitian ............................................................................................... 26
C. Subjek dan Lokasi Penelitian............................................................................... 28
1. Subjek Penelitian ........................................................................................... 28
2. Lokasi Penelitian ........................................................................................... 29
D. Instrumen Penelitian ............................................................................................ 29
1. Membuat Kisi-Kisi Soal ................................................................................ 29
2. Pembuatan Butir Soal .................................................................................... 30
3. Menentukan Kriteria Penilaian Butir Soal ...................................................... 30
4. Validitas Instrumen ....................................................................................... 33
5. Reliabilitas Instrumen .................................................................................... 34
E. Teknik Pengumpulan Data .................................................................................. 35
F. Teknik Pengolahan Data dan Analisis Data ......................................................... 36
BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN
A. Hasil Penelitian ................................................................................................... 40
1. Hasil Baseline-1 (A-1) ................................................................................... 40
2. Hasil Intervensi (B) ....................................................................................... 41
3. Hasil Baseline-2 (A-2) ................................................................................... 43
B. Analisis Data ...................................................................................................... 45
1. Analisis dalam Kondisi ................................................................................. 45
2. Analisis Antar Kondisi ................................................................................. 58
C. Pembahasan Hasil Penelitian ............................................................................... 65
BAB V SIMPULAN DAN SARAN
A. Simpulan ............................................................................................................. 68
B. Saran ................................................................................................................... 69
DAFTAR PUSTAKA .................................................................................................... 70
vii
Astri Mega Anggraeni, 2014
Penerapan Senam Mulut (MOUTH TRAINING) dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Mengucapkan
Huruf Konsonan B pada Siswa Tunarungu di SLBN A Citeureup Cimahi
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
LAMPIRAN .................................................................................................................. 72
RIWAYAT HIDUP PENULIS
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1 Klasifikasi Ketunarunguan Menurut Davis ...................................... 10
Tabel 2.2 Bunyi-Bunyi Bahasa Indonesia......................................................... 14
Tabel 3.1 Kriteria Penelitian Mengucapkan Huruf Konsonan B yang Berada
pada Suku Kata ................................................................................ 31
Tabel 3.2 Kriteria Penelitian Mengucapkan Huruf Konsonan B yang Berada di
Awal Kata ........................................................................................ 31
Tabel 3.3 Kriteria Penelitian Mengucapkan Huruf Konsonan B yang Berada di
Tengah Kata .................................................................................... 32
Tabel 3.4 Kriteria Penelitian Mengucapkan Huruf Konsonan B yang Berada di
Akhir Kata ....................................................................................... 32
Tabel 3.5 Daftar Penilai Ahli Expert-Judgemet Instrumen................................ 33
Tabel 4.1 Data Baseline-1 (A-1) ..................................................................... 40
Tabel 4.2 Data Intervensi (B) .......................................................................... 42
Tabel 4.3 Data Baseline-2 (A-2) ..................................................................... 43
Tabel 4.4 Rekapitulasi Perkembangan.............................................................. 44
Tabel 4.5 Data Panjang Kondisi ....................................................................... 46
Tabel 4.6 Data Estimasi Kecenderungan Arah ................................................. 48
Tabel 4.7 Banyaknya Data yang Berada dalam Rentang pada Kondisi
Baseline-1 (A-1) ............................................................................ 50
Tabel 4.8 Banyaknya Data yang Berada dalam Rentang pada Kondisi
Intervensi (B) ................................................................................. 52
Tabel 4.9 Banyaknya Data yang Berada dalam Rentang pada Kondisi
Baseline-2 (A-2) ............................................................................ 53
Tabel 4.10 Kecenderungan Stabilitas dalam Kondisi Desain A-B-A ............... 54
Tabel 4.11 Jejak Data ...................................................................................... 54
Tabel 4.12 Level Stabilitas dan Rentang ......................................................... 55
Tabel 4.13 Perubahan Level ............................................................................ 56
viii
Astri Mega Anggraeni, 2014
Penerapan Senam Mulut (MOUTH TRAINING) dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Mengucapkan
Huruf Konsonan B pada Siswa Tunarungu di SLBN A Citeureup Cimahi
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
Tabel 4.14 Rangkuman Hasil Analisis Visual dalam Kondisi .......................... 56
Tabel 4.15 Data Jumlah Variabel yang Diubah ............................................... 58
Tabel 4.16 Data Perubahan Kecenderungan Arah dan Efeknya ........................ 58
Tabel 4.17 Perubahan Kecenderungan Stabilitas .............................................. 59
Tabel 4.18 Data Perubahan Level..................................................................... 60
Tabel 4.19 Data Persentase Overlap ................................................................. 62
Tabel 4.20 Rangkuman Hasil Analisis Visual Antar Kondisi Subjek (NP) ....... 63
ix
Astri Mega Anggraeni, 2014
Penerapan Senam Mulut (MOUTH TRAINING) dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Mengucapkan
Huruf Konsonan B pada Siswa Tunarungu di SLBN A Citeureup Cimahi
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
DAFTAR GRAFIK
Grafik 4.1
Kondisi Baseline-1 (A-1)............................................................ 41
Grafik 4.2
Kondisi Intervensi (B) ............................................................... 42
Grafik 4.3
Kondisi Baseline-2 (A-2)............................................................ 43
Grafik 4.4
Rekapitulasi Perkembangan ........................................................ 45
Grafik 4.5
Kecenderungan
Arah
pada
Kondisi
Baseline-1
(A-1),
Intervensi (B), Baseline-2 (A-2) ................................................. 47
Grafik 4.6
Kecenderungan Stabilitas Kondisi Baseline-1 (A-1) ................... 50
Grafik 4.7
Kecenderungan Stabilitas Kondisi Intervensi (B) ....................... 51
Grafik 4.8
Kecenderungan Stabilitas Kondisi Baseline-2 (A-2) ................... 53
Grafik 4.9
Data Overlap Kondisi Baseline-1 (A-1) ke Intervensi (B) ........... 61
Grafik 4.10 Data Overlap Kondisi Intervensi (B) ke Baseline-2 (A-2) .......... 62
Grafik 4.11 Mean Level Subjek (NP) ............................................................ 65
x
Astri Mega Anggraeni, 2014
Penerapan Senam Mulut (MOUTH TRAINING) dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Mengucapkan
Huruf Konsonan B pada Siswa Tunarungu di SLBN A Citeureup Cimahi
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Lampiran 1.
Surat Izin Penelitian ................................................................ 72
Lampiran 2.
Kisi-Kisi Instrumen Penelitian ................................................ 79
Lampiran 3.
Intrumen Penelitian ................................................................. 80
Lampiran 4.
Expert Judgement .................................................................... 83
Lampiran 5.
Hasil Uji Validitas Instrumen ................................................. 104
Lampiran 6.
Hasil Uji Reliabilitas Instrumen ............................................. 106
Lampiran 7.
Program Pembelajaran ............................................................ 110
Lampiran 8.
Jadwal Penelitian .................................................................... 116
Lampiran 9.
Jadwal Bimbingan ................................................................... 117
Lampiran 10. Hasil Penelitian ....................................................................... 119
Lampiran 11. Dokumentasi ........................................................................... 163
xi
Astri Mega Anggraeni, 2014
Penerapan Senam Mulut (MOUTH TRAINING) dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Mengucapkan
Huruf Konsonan B pada Siswa Tunarungu di SLBN A Citeureup Cimahi
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN
PERNYATAAN ............................................................................................................ i
ABSTRAK ................................................................................................................... ii
KATA PENGANTAR ................................................................................................... iii
UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH ......................................................................................... iv
DAFTAR ISI ................................................................................................................ vi
DAFTAR TABEL ......................................................................................................... viii
DAFTAR GRAFIK ....................................................................................................... x
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ................................................................................................. xi
BAB I PENDAHULUAN
A. Latar Belakang Masalah ...................................................................................... 1
B. Identifikasi Masalah ............................................................................................ 3
C. Batasan Masalah ................................................................................................. 5
D. Rumusan Masalah ............................................................................................... 5
E. Tujuan dan Kegunaan Penelitian ......................................................................... 5
1. Tujuan Penelitian........................................................................................... 5
2. Kegunaan Penelitian ...................................................................................... 6
BAB II PEMBELAJARAN PENGUCAPAN HURUF KONSONAN B
hjgjjhjhjiaMELALUI SENAM MULUT PADA SISWA TUNARUNGU
A. Deskripsi Teori ................................................................................................... 8
1. Konsep Dasar Tunarungu .............................................................................. 8
2. Konsep Dasar Artikulasi/Pengucapan ............................................................ 11
3. Klasifikasi Bunyi Konsonan .......................................................................... 13
4. Kesalahan Ucap (Dyslalia ) ............................................................................ 18
5. Senam Mulut (Mouth Training) ..................................................................... 19
B. Penelitian yang Relevan ...................................................................................... 21
C. Kerangka Berpikir ............................................................................................... 21
D. Hipotesis Penelitian ............................................................................................. 24
vi
Astri Mega Anggraeni, 2014
Penerapan Senam Mulut (MOUTH TRAINING) dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Mengucapkan
Huruf Konsonan B pada Siswa Tunarungu di SLBN A Citeureup Cimahi
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN
A. Variabel Penelitian .............................................................................................. 25
1. Variabel Bebas .............................................................................................. 25
2. Variabel Terikat ............................................................................................ 26
B. Metode Penelitian ............................................................................................... 26
C. Subjek dan Lokasi Penelitian............................................................................... 28
1. Subjek Penelitian ........................................................................................... 28
2. Lokasi Penelitian ........................................................................................... 29
D. Instrumen Penelitian ............................................................................................ 29
1. Membuat Kisi-Kisi Soal ................................................................................ 29
2. Pembuatan Butir Soal .................................................................................... 30
3. Menentukan Kriteria Penilaian Butir Soal ...................................................... 30
4. Validitas Instrumen ....................................................................................... 33
5. Reliabilitas Instrumen .................................................................................... 34
E. Teknik Pengumpulan Data .................................................................................. 35
F. Teknik Pengolahan Data dan Analisis Data ......................................................... 36
BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN
A. Hasil Penelitian ................................................................................................... 40
1. Hasil Baseline-1 (A-1) ................................................................................... 40
2. Hasil Intervensi (B) ....................................................................................... 41
3. Hasil Baseline-2 (A-2) ................................................................................... 43
B. Analisis Data ...................................................................................................... 45
1. Analisis dalam Kondisi ................................................................................. 45
2. Analisis Antar Kondisi ................................................................................. 58
C. Pembahasan Hasil Penelitian ............................................................................... 65
BAB V SIMPULAN DAN SARAN
A. Simpulan ............................................................................................................. 68
B. Saran ................................................................................................................... 69
DAFTAR PUSTAKA .................................................................................................... 70
vii
Astri Mega Anggraeni, 2014
Penerapan Senam Mulut (MOUTH TRAINING) dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Mengucapkan
Huruf Konsonan B pada Siswa Tunarungu di SLBN A Citeureup Cimahi
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
LAMPIRAN .................................................................................................................. 72
RIWAYAT HIDUP PENULIS
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1 Klasifikasi Ketunarunguan Menurut Davis ...................................... 10
Tabel 2.2 Bunyi-Bunyi Bahasa Indonesia......................................................... 14
Tabel 3.1 Kriteria Penelitian Mengucapkan Huruf Konsonan B yang Berada
pada Suku Kata ................................................................................ 31
Tabel 3.2 Kriteria Penelitian Mengucapkan Huruf Konsonan B yang Berada di
Awal Kata ........................................................................................ 31
Tabel 3.3 Kriteria Penelitian Mengucapkan Huruf Konsonan B yang Berada di
Tengah Kata .................................................................................... 32
Tabel 3.4 Kriteria Penelitian Mengucapkan Huruf Konsonan B yang Berada di
Akhir Kata ....................................................................................... 32
Tabel 3.5 Daftar Penilai Ahli Expert-Judgemet Instrumen................................ 33
Tabel 4.1 Data Baseline-1 (A-1) ..................................................................... 40
Tabel 4.2 Data Intervensi (B) .......................................................................... 42
Tabel 4.3 Data Baseline-2 (A-2) ..................................................................... 43
Tabel 4.4 Rekapitulasi Perkembangan.............................................................. 44
Tabel 4.5 Data Panjang Kondisi ....................................................................... 46
Tabel 4.6 Data Estimasi Kecenderungan Arah ................................................. 48
Tabel 4.7 Banyaknya Data yang Berada dalam Rentang pada Kondisi
Baseline-1 (A-1) ............................................................................ 50
Tabel 4.8 Banyaknya Data yang Berada dalam Rentang pada Kondisi
Intervensi (B) ................................................................................. 52
Tabel 4.9 Banyaknya Data yang Berada dalam Rentang pada Kondisi
Baseline-2 (A-2) ............................................................................ 53
Tabel 4.10 Kecenderungan Stabilitas dalam Kondisi Desain A-B-A ............... 54
Tabel 4.11 Jejak Data ...................................................................................... 54
Tabel 4.12 Level Stabilitas dan Rentang ......................................................... 55
Tabel 4.13 Perubahan Level ............................................................................ 56
viii
Astri Mega Anggraeni, 2014
Penerapan Senam Mulut (MOUTH TRAINING) dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Mengucapkan
Huruf Konsonan B pada Siswa Tunarungu di SLBN A Citeureup Cimahi
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
Tabel 4.14 Rangkuman Hasil Analisis Visual dalam Kondisi .......................... 56
Tabel 4.15 Data Jumlah Variabel yang Diubah ............................................... 58
Tabel 4.16 Data Perubahan Kecenderungan Arah dan Efeknya ........................ 58
Tabel 4.17 Perubahan Kecenderungan Stabilitas .............................................. 59
Tabel 4.18 Data Perubahan Level..................................................................... 60
Tabel 4.19 Data Persentase Overlap ................................................................. 62
Tabel 4.20 Rangkuman Hasil Analisis Visual Antar Kondisi Subjek (NP) ....... 63
ix
Astri Mega Anggraeni, 2014
Penerapan Senam Mulut (MOUTH TRAINING) dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Mengucapkan
Huruf Konsonan B pada Siswa Tunarungu di SLBN A Citeureup Cimahi
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
DAFTAR GRAFIK
Grafik 4.1
Kondisi Baseline-1 (A-1)............................................................ 41
Grafik 4.2
Kondisi Intervensi (B) ............................................................... 42
Grafik 4.3
Kondisi Baseline-2 (A-2)............................................................ 43
Grafik 4.4
Rekapitulasi Perkembangan ........................................................ 45
Grafik 4.5
Kecenderungan
Arah
pada
Kondisi
Baseline-1
(A-1),
Intervensi (B), Baseline-2 (A-2) ................................................. 47
Grafik 4.6
Kecenderungan Stabilitas Kondisi Baseline-1 (A-1) ................... 50
Grafik 4.7
Kecenderungan Stabilitas Kondisi Intervensi (B) ....................... 51
Grafik 4.8
Kecenderungan Stabilitas Kondisi Baseline-2 (A-2) ................... 53
Grafik 4.9
Data Overlap Kondisi Baseline-1 (A-1) ke Intervensi (B) ........... 61
Grafik 4.10 Data Overlap Kondisi Intervensi (B) ke Baseline-2 (A-2) .......... 62
Grafik 4.11 Mean Level Subjek (NP) ............................................................ 65
x
Astri Mega Anggraeni, 2014
Penerapan Senam Mulut (MOUTH TRAINING) dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Mengucapkan
Huruf Konsonan B pada Siswa Tunarungu di SLBN A Citeureup Cimahi
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Lampiran 1.
Surat Izin Penelitian ................................................................ 72
Lampiran 2.
Kisi-Kisi Instrumen Penelitian ................................................ 79
Lampiran 3.
Intrumen Penelitian ................................................................. 80
Lampiran 4.
Expert Judgement .................................................................... 83
Lampiran 5.
Hasil Uji Validitas Instrumen ................................................. 104
Lampiran 6.
Hasil Uji Reliabilitas Instrumen ............................................. 106
Lampiran 7.
Program Pembelajaran ............................................................ 110
Lampiran 8.
Jadwal Penelitian .................................................................... 116
Lampiran 9.
Jadwal Bimbingan ................................................................... 117
Lampiran 10. Hasil Penelitian ....................................................................... 119
Lampiran 11. Dokumentasi ........................................................................... 163
xi
Astri Mega Anggraeni, 2014
Penerapan Senam Mulut (MOUTH TRAINING) dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Mengucapkan
Huruf Konsonan B pada Siswa Tunarungu di SLBN A Citeureup Cimahi
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu