t kim 1007229 table of content
DAFTAR ISI
PERNYATAAN ........................................................................................................i
ABSTRAK ................................................................................................................ii
KATA PENGANTAR ..............................................................................................iii
DAFTAR ISI ............................................................................................................. vi
DAFTAR TABEL ..................................................................................................... viii
DAFTAR GAMBAR ................................................................................................ ix
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ............................................................................................. x
BAB I PENDAHULUAN
A. LatarBelakang ..................................................................................................... 1
B. RumusanMasalah ................................................................................................ 6
C. PembatasanMasalah ............................................................................................ 7
D. TujuanPenelitian ................................................................................................. 7
E. ManfaatPenelitian ............................................................................................... 8
F. PenjelasanIstilah ................................................................................................. 9
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA
A. KajianTentangPembelajaranBerbasisProyek ...................................................... 10
B. KajianTentangKeterampilan Proses Sains .......................................................... 20
C. KajianTentangKonsep ......................................................................................... 25
Sri Rahmadani, 2012
Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek Untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Proses Sains Dan
Penguasaan Konsep Siswasmk Pada Pemisahan Campuran
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu
i
D. KajianTentangMateriPemisahanCampuran ........................................................ 28
E. PenelitianTerkait ................................................................................................. 33
BAB III METODOLOGI PENELITIAN
A. MetodePenelitian ................................................................................................ 35
B. SubjekPenelitian ................................................................................................. 36
C. InstrumenPenelitian ............................................................................................ 36
D. AlurPenelitian ..................................................................................................... 38
E. ProsedurPenelitian .............................................................................................. 39
F. TeknikPengumpulan Data .................................................................................. 51
G. Analisa Data ....................................................................................................... 52
BAB IV HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN
A. AnalisisKeterampilan Proses Sains..................................................................... 55
B. AnalisisPenguasaanKonsepPemisahanCampuran .............................................. 70
C. TanggapanSiswaTerhadapPembelajaranBerbasisProyek ................................... 84
D. KeunggulandanKekuranganPembelajaranBerbasisProyek ................................. 95
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN
A. Kesimpulan ......................................................................................................... 98
B. Saran .................................................................................................................. 99
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ............................................................................................... 100
Sri Rahmadani, 2012
Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek Untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Proses Sains Dan
Penguasaan Konsep Siswasmk Pada Pemisahan Campuran
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu
ii
LAMPIRAN
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1.
Jenis-jenis KPS dan Karakteristiknya .................................................. 23
Tabel 3.1.
Kategori Tingkat Kesukaran ................................................................ 42
Tabel 3.2.
Kategori Daya Pembeda ....................................................................... 43
Tabel 3.3.
Hasil Uji Coba Tes Soal Penguasaan Konsep ...................................... 44
Tabel 3.4
Hasil Uji Coba Tes Soal KPS ............................................................... 45
Tabel 3.5.
Teknik Pengumpulan Data ................................................................... 51
Tabel 3.6.
PengkategorianPersentase .............................................................. 53
Tabel 3.7.
Interpretasi Respon Siswa .................................................................... 54
Tabel 4.1.
Rata-rata Pencapaian KPS Siswa ......................................................... 55
Tabel 4.2.
Nilai rata-rata gain yang dinormalisasi()aspek-aspek KPS ........... 58
Tabel 4.3.
Nilai Rata-rata gain yang dinormalisasi()padapenguasaankonsep . 74
Tabel 4.4.
Rekapitulasi Hasil Jawaban Angket Siswa .......................................... 84
Sri Rahmadani, 2012
Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek Untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Proses Sains Dan
Penguasaan Konsep Siswasmk Pada Pemisahan Campuran
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu
iii
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1. Alur Pembelajaran Proyek ................................................................. 17
Gambar 2.2. Sub konsep Pemisahan Campuran ..................................................... 28
Gambar 2.3. Proses Penyaringan Pasir dan Air ...................................................... 29
Gambar 2.4. Proses Kristalisasi .............................................................................. 30
Gambar 2.5. Proses Kromatografi .......................................................................... 31
Gambar 2.6. Proses Distilasi dan Peralatannya ...................................................... 32
Gambar 3.1. The one-Group Pre-test Post-test Design........................................... 35
Gambar 3.2. Alur Penelitian ................................................................................... 38
Gambar 4.1. Nilai rata-rata pre-test, post-test, danpersentaseKeterampilan
Proses Sains Siswa ............................................................................. 56
Gambar 4.2. Penguasaan Konsep Siswa keseluruhansebelum (pre-test) dan
sesudah (post-test)Pembelajaran ....................................................... 70
Gambar 4.3. Penguasaan Subkonsep Siswa sebelum (pre-test) dan sesudah
(post-test) Pembelajaran .................................................................... 72
Sri Rahmadani, 2012
Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek Untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Proses Sains Dan
Penguasaan Konsep Siswasmk Pada Pemisahan Campuran
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu
iv
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Lampiran A.1.
Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran ............................................. 104
Lampiran A.2.
Kisi-kisi Soal ................................................................................115
Lampiran A.3.
Soal Tes ........................................................................................ 131
Lampiran A.4.
Rubrik Penilaian Tes KPS ............................................................139
Lampiran A.5.
Artikel Proyek ...............................................................................140
Lampiran A.6.
Angket Siswa ................................................................................ 146
Lampiran A.7.
HasilWawancaraSiswa ..................................................................151
Lampiran B.1.
Perhitungan Validitas Soal Uji Coba ............................................ 152
Lampiran B.2.
Lembar Observasi Guru ................................................................158
Lampiran C.1.
RekapitulasiNilaiKeterampilan Proses SainsSiswa ....................... 160
Lampiran C.2.
RekapitulasiNilaiPenguasaanSub konsepSiswa ............................161
Lampiran C.3.
Data perolehan KPS tiapSiswaberdasarkanKriteria ................162
Lampiran C.4.
Data
perolehanPenguasaanKonseptiapSiswaberdasarkanKriteria ...163
Lampiran C.5.
Foto-foto Penelitian ......................................................................164
Sri Rahmadani, 2012
Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek Untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Proses Sains Dan
Penguasaan Konsep Siswasmk Pada Pemisahan Campuran
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu
v
PERNYATAAN ........................................................................................................i
ABSTRAK ................................................................................................................ii
KATA PENGANTAR ..............................................................................................iii
DAFTAR ISI ............................................................................................................. vi
DAFTAR TABEL ..................................................................................................... viii
DAFTAR GAMBAR ................................................................................................ ix
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ............................................................................................. x
BAB I PENDAHULUAN
A. LatarBelakang ..................................................................................................... 1
B. RumusanMasalah ................................................................................................ 6
C. PembatasanMasalah ............................................................................................ 7
D. TujuanPenelitian ................................................................................................. 7
E. ManfaatPenelitian ............................................................................................... 8
F. PenjelasanIstilah ................................................................................................. 9
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA
A. KajianTentangPembelajaranBerbasisProyek ...................................................... 10
B. KajianTentangKeterampilan Proses Sains .......................................................... 20
C. KajianTentangKonsep ......................................................................................... 25
Sri Rahmadani, 2012
Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek Untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Proses Sains Dan
Penguasaan Konsep Siswasmk Pada Pemisahan Campuran
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu
i
D. KajianTentangMateriPemisahanCampuran ........................................................ 28
E. PenelitianTerkait ................................................................................................. 33
BAB III METODOLOGI PENELITIAN
A. MetodePenelitian ................................................................................................ 35
B. SubjekPenelitian ................................................................................................. 36
C. InstrumenPenelitian ............................................................................................ 36
D. AlurPenelitian ..................................................................................................... 38
E. ProsedurPenelitian .............................................................................................. 39
F. TeknikPengumpulan Data .................................................................................. 51
G. Analisa Data ....................................................................................................... 52
BAB IV HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN
A. AnalisisKeterampilan Proses Sains..................................................................... 55
B. AnalisisPenguasaanKonsepPemisahanCampuran .............................................. 70
C. TanggapanSiswaTerhadapPembelajaranBerbasisProyek ................................... 84
D. KeunggulandanKekuranganPembelajaranBerbasisProyek ................................. 95
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN
A. Kesimpulan ......................................................................................................... 98
B. Saran .................................................................................................................. 99
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ............................................................................................... 100
Sri Rahmadani, 2012
Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek Untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Proses Sains Dan
Penguasaan Konsep Siswasmk Pada Pemisahan Campuran
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu
ii
LAMPIRAN
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1.
Jenis-jenis KPS dan Karakteristiknya .................................................. 23
Tabel 3.1.
Kategori Tingkat Kesukaran ................................................................ 42
Tabel 3.2.
Kategori Daya Pembeda ....................................................................... 43
Tabel 3.3.
Hasil Uji Coba Tes Soal Penguasaan Konsep ...................................... 44
Tabel 3.4
Hasil Uji Coba Tes Soal KPS ............................................................... 45
Tabel 3.5.
Teknik Pengumpulan Data ................................................................... 51
Tabel 3.6.
PengkategorianPersentase .............................................................. 53
Tabel 3.7.
Interpretasi Respon Siswa .................................................................... 54
Tabel 4.1.
Rata-rata Pencapaian KPS Siswa ......................................................... 55
Tabel 4.2.
Nilai rata-rata gain yang dinormalisasi()aspek-aspek KPS ........... 58
Tabel 4.3.
Nilai Rata-rata gain yang dinormalisasi()padapenguasaankonsep . 74
Tabel 4.4.
Rekapitulasi Hasil Jawaban Angket Siswa .......................................... 84
Sri Rahmadani, 2012
Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek Untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Proses Sains Dan
Penguasaan Konsep Siswasmk Pada Pemisahan Campuran
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu
iii
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1. Alur Pembelajaran Proyek ................................................................. 17
Gambar 2.2. Sub konsep Pemisahan Campuran ..................................................... 28
Gambar 2.3. Proses Penyaringan Pasir dan Air ...................................................... 29
Gambar 2.4. Proses Kristalisasi .............................................................................. 30
Gambar 2.5. Proses Kromatografi .......................................................................... 31
Gambar 2.6. Proses Distilasi dan Peralatannya ...................................................... 32
Gambar 3.1. The one-Group Pre-test Post-test Design........................................... 35
Gambar 3.2. Alur Penelitian ................................................................................... 38
Gambar 4.1. Nilai rata-rata pre-test, post-test, danpersentaseKeterampilan
Proses Sains Siswa ............................................................................. 56
Gambar 4.2. Penguasaan Konsep Siswa keseluruhansebelum (pre-test) dan
sesudah (post-test)Pembelajaran ....................................................... 70
Gambar 4.3. Penguasaan Subkonsep Siswa sebelum (pre-test) dan sesudah
(post-test) Pembelajaran .................................................................... 72
Sri Rahmadani, 2012
Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek Untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Proses Sains Dan
Penguasaan Konsep Siswasmk Pada Pemisahan Campuran
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu
iv
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Lampiran A.1.
Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran ............................................. 104
Lampiran A.2.
Kisi-kisi Soal ................................................................................115
Lampiran A.3.
Soal Tes ........................................................................................ 131
Lampiran A.4.
Rubrik Penilaian Tes KPS ............................................................139
Lampiran A.5.
Artikel Proyek ...............................................................................140
Lampiran A.6.
Angket Siswa ................................................................................ 146
Lampiran A.7.
HasilWawancaraSiswa ..................................................................151
Lampiran B.1.
Perhitungan Validitas Soal Uji Coba ............................................ 152
Lampiran B.2.
Lembar Observasi Guru ................................................................158
Lampiran C.1.
RekapitulasiNilaiKeterampilan Proses SainsSiswa ....................... 160
Lampiran C.2.
RekapitulasiNilaiPenguasaanSub konsepSiswa ............................161
Lampiran C.3.
Data perolehan KPS tiapSiswaberdasarkanKriteria ................162
Lampiran C.4.
Data
perolehanPenguasaanKonseptiapSiswaberdasarkanKriteria ...163
Lampiran C.5.
Foto-foto Penelitian ......................................................................164
Sri Rahmadani, 2012
Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek Untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Proses Sains Dan
Penguasaan Konsep Siswasmk Pada Pemisahan Campuran
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu
v