KLINIK KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI REMAJA DI DENPASAR.
LANDASAN KONSEPTUAL PERANCANGAN TUGAS AKHIR
Diajukan Untuk Melengkapi Tugas-Tugas Dalam Memenuhi Syarat-Syarat
Guna Mencapai Gelar Sarjana Teknik Arsitektur
Periode Februari 2016
KLINIK KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI REMAJA DI
DENPASAR
Oleh :
DEWA MADE AGASBRAMA HARTAWAN
1104205015
UNIVERSITAS UDAYANA
FAKULTAS TEKNIK
JURUSAN ARSITEKTUR
2016
LANDASAN KONSEPTUAL PERANCANGAN TUGAS AKHIR
Diajukan Untuk Melengkapi Tugas-Tugas Dalam Memenuhi Syarat-Syarat
Guna Mencapai Gelar Sarjana Teknik Arsitektur
Periode Februari 2016
KLINIK KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI REMAJA DI
DENPASAR
Oleh :
DEWA MADE AGASBRAMA HARTAWAN
1104205015
Dosen Pembimbing:
1.
Dr. Gusti Ayu Made Suartika, ST., MEngSc., Ph.D.
2.
Dr. Tri Anggraini Prajnawrdhi, ST, MT, MURP
UNIVERSITAS UDAYANA
FAKULTAS TEKNIK
JURUSAN ARSITEKTUR
2016
DAFTAR ISI
HALAMAN JUDUL ................................................................................................. i
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN ..................................................................................... ii
SURAT KETERANGAN ....................................................................................... iii
SURAT PERNYATAAN ........................................................................................ iv
ABSTRAK ................................................................................................................ v
KATA PENGANTAR ............................................................................................. vi
DAFTAR ISI .......................................................................................................... vii
DAFTAR GAMBAR ............................................................................................... x
DAFTAR TABEL ................................................................................................... xi
BAB I PENDAHULUAN ........................................................................................ 1
1.1.Latar Belakang .............................................................................................. 1
1.2.Rumusan Masalah ......................................................................................... 2
1.3.Tujuan ............................................................................................................ 3
1.4.Metode Penelitian .......................................................................................... 3
1.4.1 Teknik Pengumpulan Data.................................................................... 3
1.4.1 Teknik Analisis Data ............................................................................ 4
1.4.1 Teknik Penyimpanan Data................................................................... 4
BAB II PEMAHAMAN TERHADAP KLINIK KESEHATAN
REPRODUKSI REMAJA ...................................................................................... 6
2.1.Pemahaman Klinik ........................................................................................ 6
2.1.1. Definisi Klinik ...................................................................................... 6
2.1.2. Klasifikasi Klinik .................................................................................. 6
2.1.3. Persyaratan Pembangunan Klinik ......................................................... 7
2.2.Pemahaman Kesehatan Reproduksi Remaja .................................................. 8
2.2.1. Pengertian Kesehatan Reproduksi Remaja .......................................... 8
2.2.2. Organ Reproduksi ................................................................................. 9
2.2.3. Masalah Kesehatan Reproduksi Remaja ............................................ 10
2.2.4. Penanggulanag masalah Kesehatan Reproduksi Remaja ................... 12
vii
2.3.Kajian Proyek/Objek Sejenis ....................................................................... 14
2.3.1. Yayasan Rama Sesana ........................................................................ 14
2.3.2. Yayasan Kerthi Praja .......................................................................... 18
2.3.3. M-Brio Klinik Fertilitas Dan Reproduksi ........................................... 22
2.4.Spesifikasi Umum ........................................................................................ 25
2.4.1. Pengertian .......................................................................................... 25
2.4.2. Fungsi ................................................................................................ 26
2.4.3. Tujuan ................................................................................................. 26
2.4.4. Pelaku dan Jenis Kegiatan .................................................................. 26
2.4.5. Klasifikasi Fasilitas............................................................................. 27
2.4.6. Lingkup Pelayanan ............................................................................. 27
2.4.7. Sistem Pelayanan ................................................................................ 28
BAB III STUDI PENGADAAN KLINIK KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI
REMAJA DI DENPASAR .................................................................................... 33
3.1 Gambaran Umum Kota Denpasar ................................................................ 33
3.1.1 Kondisi Fisik Kota Denpasar .............................................................. 36
3.1.2 Kondisi Non Fisik Kota Denpasar ...................................................... 37
3.2 Peraturan Pemerintah Di Kota Denpasar ..................................................... 42
3.2.1 Tata Ruang Kota Denpasar ................................................................. 42
3.2.2 Tata Bangunan Kota Denpasar ........................................................... 45
3.3 Aanalisis S.W.O.T ....................................................................................... 48
3.3.1 Faktor Internal .................................................................................... 48
3.3.2 Faktor External ................................................................................... 49
3.3.3 Strategi Pemecahan Masalah .............................................................. 50
3.4 Spesifikasi Khusus Klinik Kesehatan Reproduksi Remaja Di
Denpasar……………………………………………………………….…..51
3.4.1 Deskripsi Proyek................................................................................. 51
3.4.2 Tujuan Proyek..................................................................................... 52
3.4.3 Fungsi Proyek ..................................................................................... 52
3.4.4 Lingkup Pelayanan dan Kapasitas ...................................................... 53
3.4.5 Karakteristik Pelaku dan Kegiatannya .............................................. 53
viii
3.4.6 Jenis Kegiatan dan Fasilitas ................................................................ 54
3.4.7 Sistem Pengelolaan ............................................................................ 57
3.4.8 Persyaratan Lokasi .............................................................................. 57
BAB IV TEMA DAN PEMROGRAMAN ARSITEKTUR ............................... 59
4.1. Tema ......................................................................................................... 59
4.1.1. Pendekatan Pemilihan Tema ............................................................. 57
4.1.2. Pemilihan Tema ................................................................................. 61
4.1.3. Elaborasi Tema ................................................................................... 62
4.2. Program Fungsional ................................................................................... 63
4.2.1. Jenis Kegiatan .................................................................................... 63
4.2.2. Pelaku dan Proses Kegiatan ............................................................... 64
4.2.3. Kebutuhan Ruang ............................................................................... 70
4.3. Program Performansi ................................................................................. 71
4.3.1. Jenis, Sifat dan Persyaratan Ruang .................................................... 71
4.4. Program Arsitektural ................................................................................. 82
4.4.1. Besaran Ruang .................................................................................... 82
4.4.2. Hubungan Ruang ................................................................................ 91
4.4.3. Sirkulasi Ruang................................................................................... 92
4.5. Data dan Analisa Tapak ............................................................................. 93
4.5.1. Program Tapak ................................................................................... 93
4.5.2. Analisa Tapak ..................................................................................... 96
BAB V KONSEP PERANCANGAN ................................................................. 104
5.1.Konsep Perancangan Site .......................................................................... 104
5.1.1.Konsep Entrance Site ........................................................................ 104
5.1.2.Konsep Zoning Site .......................................................................... 107
5.1.3.Konsep Benrtuk Masa ....................................................................... 109
5.1.4.Konsep Orientasi Masa ..................................................................... 111
5.1.5.Konsep Sirkulasi Site ........................................................................ 113
5.1.6.Konsep Ruang Luar .......................................................................... 114
ix
5.2.Konsep Perancangan Bangunan ................................................................. 119
5.2.1.Konsep Entrance Dan Sirkulasi Bangunan ....................................... 119
5.2.2.Konsep Zoning Bangunan ................................................................ 121
5.2.3.Konsep Tampilan Bangunan ............................................................ 123
5.2.4.Konsep Ruang Dalam ..................................................................... 125
5.2.5.Konsep Struktur Bangunan .............................................................. 127
5.2.6.Konsep Utilitas Bangunan ................................................................ 130
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
x
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1 Kanker Serviks ............................................................................. 9
Gambar 2.2 Kanker Ovarium........................................................................... 10
Gambar 2.3 Kanker Porstat .............................................................................. 11
Gambar 2.4 Virus HIV..................................................................................... 11
Gambar 2.5 Korban Aidss ............................................................................... 11
Gambar 2.8 Ruang Administrasi YRS ............................................................. 19
Gambar 2.9 Ruang Staff YRS......................................................................... 19
Gambar 2.10 Ruang Rapat ............................................................................... 20
Gambar 2.11 Kamar Periksa ............................................................................ 20
Gambar 2.12 Ruang Laboratorium .................................................................. 20
Gambar 2.13 Ruangedukasi Yakeba ............................................................... 22
Gambar 2.14 Ruang Rehabilitasi Yakeba ........................................................ 22
Gambar 2.14 Ruang Rawat Inap ...................................................................... 25
Gambar 3.1 Peta Pulau Bali Dan Peta Kota Denpasar..................................... 53
Gambar 3.2 Presentasi Luas Wilayah Bali ...................................................... 55
Gambar 3.3 Rata Rata Suhu Di Bali ................................................................ 56
Gambar 4.1 Bagan Pengunjung ....................................................................... 62
Gambar 4.2 Bagan Pengelola........................................................................... 63
Gambar 4.3 Proses Pemenriksaan Pasien ........................................................ 65
Gambar 4.4 Proses Pengobatan ....................................................................... 65
Gambar 4.5 Proses Kegiatan Konsultasi .......................................................... 65
Gambar 4.6 Proses Kegiatan Edukasi .............................................................. 66
Gambar 4.7 Proses Kegiatan Perpustakaan ..................................................... 66
Gambar 4.8 Proses Membeli Marchendise ...................................................... 66
Gambar 4.9 Proses Kegiatan Cafetaria ............................................................ 67
Gambar 4.10 Proses Kegiatan Direktur ........................................................... 67
xi
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 3.1 Desa Dan Banjar Berdasarkan Kecamatan ............................................. 54
Tabel 3.2 Jumlah Penduduk Kota Denpasar Berdasarkan Jenis Kelamin .............. 58
Tabel 3.3 Jumlah Penduduk Kota Denpasar Berdasarkan Umur ............................ 58
Tabel 3.4 Urutan Kabupaten Kotapengidap HIV Di Bali ....................................... 59
Tabel 3.5 Pengetahuan Remaja Tentang Kespro .................................................... 60
Tabel 3.5 Perilaku Seksual Remaja ......................................................................... 61
Tabel 4.1 Tabel Pendekatan Tema .......................................................................... 64
Tabel 4.2 Tabel Performansi ................................................................................... 71
Tabel 4.3 Tabel Arsitektural ................................................................................... 82
xii
Diajukan Untuk Melengkapi Tugas-Tugas Dalam Memenuhi Syarat-Syarat
Guna Mencapai Gelar Sarjana Teknik Arsitektur
Periode Februari 2016
KLINIK KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI REMAJA DI
DENPASAR
Oleh :
DEWA MADE AGASBRAMA HARTAWAN
1104205015
UNIVERSITAS UDAYANA
FAKULTAS TEKNIK
JURUSAN ARSITEKTUR
2016
LANDASAN KONSEPTUAL PERANCANGAN TUGAS AKHIR
Diajukan Untuk Melengkapi Tugas-Tugas Dalam Memenuhi Syarat-Syarat
Guna Mencapai Gelar Sarjana Teknik Arsitektur
Periode Februari 2016
KLINIK KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI REMAJA DI
DENPASAR
Oleh :
DEWA MADE AGASBRAMA HARTAWAN
1104205015
Dosen Pembimbing:
1.
Dr. Gusti Ayu Made Suartika, ST., MEngSc., Ph.D.
2.
Dr. Tri Anggraini Prajnawrdhi, ST, MT, MURP
UNIVERSITAS UDAYANA
FAKULTAS TEKNIK
JURUSAN ARSITEKTUR
2016
DAFTAR ISI
HALAMAN JUDUL ................................................................................................. i
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN ..................................................................................... ii
SURAT KETERANGAN ....................................................................................... iii
SURAT PERNYATAAN ........................................................................................ iv
ABSTRAK ................................................................................................................ v
KATA PENGANTAR ............................................................................................. vi
DAFTAR ISI .......................................................................................................... vii
DAFTAR GAMBAR ............................................................................................... x
DAFTAR TABEL ................................................................................................... xi
BAB I PENDAHULUAN ........................................................................................ 1
1.1.Latar Belakang .............................................................................................. 1
1.2.Rumusan Masalah ......................................................................................... 2
1.3.Tujuan ............................................................................................................ 3
1.4.Metode Penelitian .......................................................................................... 3
1.4.1 Teknik Pengumpulan Data.................................................................... 3
1.4.1 Teknik Analisis Data ............................................................................ 4
1.4.1 Teknik Penyimpanan Data................................................................... 4
BAB II PEMAHAMAN TERHADAP KLINIK KESEHATAN
REPRODUKSI REMAJA ...................................................................................... 6
2.1.Pemahaman Klinik ........................................................................................ 6
2.1.1. Definisi Klinik ...................................................................................... 6
2.1.2. Klasifikasi Klinik .................................................................................. 6
2.1.3. Persyaratan Pembangunan Klinik ......................................................... 7
2.2.Pemahaman Kesehatan Reproduksi Remaja .................................................. 8
2.2.1. Pengertian Kesehatan Reproduksi Remaja .......................................... 8
2.2.2. Organ Reproduksi ................................................................................. 9
2.2.3. Masalah Kesehatan Reproduksi Remaja ............................................ 10
2.2.4. Penanggulanag masalah Kesehatan Reproduksi Remaja ................... 12
vii
2.3.Kajian Proyek/Objek Sejenis ....................................................................... 14
2.3.1. Yayasan Rama Sesana ........................................................................ 14
2.3.2. Yayasan Kerthi Praja .......................................................................... 18
2.3.3. M-Brio Klinik Fertilitas Dan Reproduksi ........................................... 22
2.4.Spesifikasi Umum ........................................................................................ 25
2.4.1. Pengertian .......................................................................................... 25
2.4.2. Fungsi ................................................................................................ 26
2.4.3. Tujuan ................................................................................................. 26
2.4.4. Pelaku dan Jenis Kegiatan .................................................................. 26
2.4.5. Klasifikasi Fasilitas............................................................................. 27
2.4.6. Lingkup Pelayanan ............................................................................. 27
2.4.7. Sistem Pelayanan ................................................................................ 28
BAB III STUDI PENGADAAN KLINIK KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI
REMAJA DI DENPASAR .................................................................................... 33
3.1 Gambaran Umum Kota Denpasar ................................................................ 33
3.1.1 Kondisi Fisik Kota Denpasar .............................................................. 36
3.1.2 Kondisi Non Fisik Kota Denpasar ...................................................... 37
3.2 Peraturan Pemerintah Di Kota Denpasar ..................................................... 42
3.2.1 Tata Ruang Kota Denpasar ................................................................. 42
3.2.2 Tata Bangunan Kota Denpasar ........................................................... 45
3.3 Aanalisis S.W.O.T ....................................................................................... 48
3.3.1 Faktor Internal .................................................................................... 48
3.3.2 Faktor External ................................................................................... 49
3.3.3 Strategi Pemecahan Masalah .............................................................. 50
3.4 Spesifikasi Khusus Klinik Kesehatan Reproduksi Remaja Di
Denpasar……………………………………………………………….…..51
3.4.1 Deskripsi Proyek................................................................................. 51
3.4.2 Tujuan Proyek..................................................................................... 52
3.4.3 Fungsi Proyek ..................................................................................... 52
3.4.4 Lingkup Pelayanan dan Kapasitas ...................................................... 53
3.4.5 Karakteristik Pelaku dan Kegiatannya .............................................. 53
viii
3.4.6 Jenis Kegiatan dan Fasilitas ................................................................ 54
3.4.7 Sistem Pengelolaan ............................................................................ 57
3.4.8 Persyaratan Lokasi .............................................................................. 57
BAB IV TEMA DAN PEMROGRAMAN ARSITEKTUR ............................... 59
4.1. Tema ......................................................................................................... 59
4.1.1. Pendekatan Pemilihan Tema ............................................................. 57
4.1.2. Pemilihan Tema ................................................................................. 61
4.1.3. Elaborasi Tema ................................................................................... 62
4.2. Program Fungsional ................................................................................... 63
4.2.1. Jenis Kegiatan .................................................................................... 63
4.2.2. Pelaku dan Proses Kegiatan ............................................................... 64
4.2.3. Kebutuhan Ruang ............................................................................... 70
4.3. Program Performansi ................................................................................. 71
4.3.1. Jenis, Sifat dan Persyaratan Ruang .................................................... 71
4.4. Program Arsitektural ................................................................................. 82
4.4.1. Besaran Ruang .................................................................................... 82
4.4.2. Hubungan Ruang ................................................................................ 91
4.4.3. Sirkulasi Ruang................................................................................... 92
4.5. Data dan Analisa Tapak ............................................................................. 93
4.5.1. Program Tapak ................................................................................... 93
4.5.2. Analisa Tapak ..................................................................................... 96
BAB V KONSEP PERANCANGAN ................................................................. 104
5.1.Konsep Perancangan Site .......................................................................... 104
5.1.1.Konsep Entrance Site ........................................................................ 104
5.1.2.Konsep Zoning Site .......................................................................... 107
5.1.3.Konsep Benrtuk Masa ....................................................................... 109
5.1.4.Konsep Orientasi Masa ..................................................................... 111
5.1.5.Konsep Sirkulasi Site ........................................................................ 113
5.1.6.Konsep Ruang Luar .......................................................................... 114
ix
5.2.Konsep Perancangan Bangunan ................................................................. 119
5.2.1.Konsep Entrance Dan Sirkulasi Bangunan ....................................... 119
5.2.2.Konsep Zoning Bangunan ................................................................ 121
5.2.3.Konsep Tampilan Bangunan ............................................................ 123
5.2.4.Konsep Ruang Dalam ..................................................................... 125
5.2.5.Konsep Struktur Bangunan .............................................................. 127
5.2.6.Konsep Utilitas Bangunan ................................................................ 130
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
x
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1 Kanker Serviks ............................................................................. 9
Gambar 2.2 Kanker Ovarium........................................................................... 10
Gambar 2.3 Kanker Porstat .............................................................................. 11
Gambar 2.4 Virus HIV..................................................................................... 11
Gambar 2.5 Korban Aidss ............................................................................... 11
Gambar 2.8 Ruang Administrasi YRS ............................................................. 19
Gambar 2.9 Ruang Staff YRS......................................................................... 19
Gambar 2.10 Ruang Rapat ............................................................................... 20
Gambar 2.11 Kamar Periksa ............................................................................ 20
Gambar 2.12 Ruang Laboratorium .................................................................. 20
Gambar 2.13 Ruangedukasi Yakeba ............................................................... 22
Gambar 2.14 Ruang Rehabilitasi Yakeba ........................................................ 22
Gambar 2.14 Ruang Rawat Inap ...................................................................... 25
Gambar 3.1 Peta Pulau Bali Dan Peta Kota Denpasar..................................... 53
Gambar 3.2 Presentasi Luas Wilayah Bali ...................................................... 55
Gambar 3.3 Rata Rata Suhu Di Bali ................................................................ 56
Gambar 4.1 Bagan Pengunjung ....................................................................... 62
Gambar 4.2 Bagan Pengelola........................................................................... 63
Gambar 4.3 Proses Pemenriksaan Pasien ........................................................ 65
Gambar 4.4 Proses Pengobatan ....................................................................... 65
Gambar 4.5 Proses Kegiatan Konsultasi .......................................................... 65
Gambar 4.6 Proses Kegiatan Edukasi .............................................................. 66
Gambar 4.7 Proses Kegiatan Perpustakaan ..................................................... 66
Gambar 4.8 Proses Membeli Marchendise ...................................................... 66
Gambar 4.9 Proses Kegiatan Cafetaria ............................................................ 67
Gambar 4.10 Proses Kegiatan Direktur ........................................................... 67
xi
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 3.1 Desa Dan Banjar Berdasarkan Kecamatan ............................................. 54
Tabel 3.2 Jumlah Penduduk Kota Denpasar Berdasarkan Jenis Kelamin .............. 58
Tabel 3.3 Jumlah Penduduk Kota Denpasar Berdasarkan Umur ............................ 58
Tabel 3.4 Urutan Kabupaten Kotapengidap HIV Di Bali ....................................... 59
Tabel 3.5 Pengetahuan Remaja Tentang Kespro .................................................... 60
Tabel 3.5 Perilaku Seksual Remaja ......................................................................... 61
Tabel 4.1 Tabel Pendekatan Tema .......................................................................... 64
Tabel 4.2 Tabel Performansi ................................................................................... 71
Tabel 4.3 Tabel Arsitektural ................................................................................... 82
xii