Karakteristik Penderita Stroke Haemoragik yang Dirawat Inap di RSUP H. Adam Malik Medan tahun 2012
ABSTRAK
Stroke merupakan gangguan peredaran darah di otak akibat tersumbat atau
pecahnya pembuluh darah. Stroke dibagi menjadi 2 berdasarkan patologisnya yaitu
stroke iskemik dan haemoragik. Dari seluruh jumlah kasus stroke, 80% menderita
stroke iskemik dan 20% stroke haemoragik. Stroke merupakan penyebab kematian
utama di Indonesia dengan proporsi 14,4%.
Untuk mengetahui karakteristik penderita stroke haemoragik yang dirawat
inap, dilakukan penelitian di RSUP H. Adam Malik Medan dengan desain case
series. Populasi dan sampel penelitian berjumlah 111 orang pada tahun 2012 yang
tercatat di rekam medis rumah sakit. Data univariat dianalisis secara deskriptif
sedangkan data bivariat dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji Chi-square dan Anova .
Proporsi berdasarkan sosiodemografi tertinggi pada kelompok umur 45-59
tahun 48,6%, laki-laki 51,4%, Islam 63,1%, SLTA/Sederajat 41,4%, status kawin
96,4%, Ibu Rumah Tangga 41,4%, dan luar Kota Medan 77,5%. Proporsi berdasarkan
status rawatan tertinggi kesadaran menurun 73%, hemiparesis dextra 53,2%,
hipertensi 78,4%, Perdarahan Intraserebral (PIS) 83,8%, hemifer serebri 43,7%,
tindakan konservatif 99,1%, lama rawatan rata-rata 6,37 hari, asuransi 82,9%, dan
meninggal 64,9%. Tidak ada perbedaan yang bermakna antara lama rawatan rata-rata
dengan keluahan utama (p=0,161), letak kelumpuhan (p=0,81), dan lokasi perdarahan
(p=0,085). Ada perbedaan yang bermakna antara lama rawatan rata-rata penderita
dengan hasil CT-Scan (0,024) dan keadaan sewaktu pulang (p=0,000).
Penderita yang memiliki riwayat hipertensi untuk melakukan kontrol rutin
serta menerapkan pola hidup sehat. Tindakan medis dan perawatan dilakukan secara
intensif bagi penderita untuk menekan angka kematian. Bagi pihak rekam medik
RSUP H. Adam Malik Medan untuk melengkapi pencatatan data penderita seperti
suku dan lokasi perdarahan.
Kata kunci: Karakteristik Penderita, Stroke Haemoragik, RSUP H Adam Malik
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRACT
Stroke was a disorder of blood circulation in the brain due to blocked or rupture of
blood vessels. Stroke was divided into two parts based on the pathological namely,
ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. Of entire the number of cases of stroke, 80% had
ischemic stroke and 20% of stroke hemorrhagic. Stroke was the main cause of death
in Indonesia with a proportion of 14.4%.
To determine the characteristics of stroke hemorrhagic patients hospitalized,
conducted research at RSUP H. Adam Malik Medan with case series design.
Population and the sample was 111 people in 2012 which recorded in hospital
medical records. Univariate data were analyzed descriptively while bivariate data
were analyzed using Chi-square test and ANOVA.
Proportion based on the highest sociodemographic in the age group 45-59
years 48.6%, men 51.4%, muslim 63.1%, high school/equal 41.4%, 96.4% married
status, housewife 41, 4%, and 77.5% outside the city of Medan. Proportion based on
the highest treatment status, 73% decreased consciousness, hemiparesis dextra
53.2%, hypertension 78.4%, intracerebral hemorrhage 83.8%, 43.7% cerebral
hemifer, 99.1% of conservative measures, long maintainability average 6.37 days,
insurance 82.9%, and 64.9% died. There was no significant difference between the
average treatment time with the main complaints (p = 0.161), location of the
paralysis (p = 0.81), and the site of bleeding (p = 0.085). There was a significant
difference between the average treatment time of patients with CT-Scan results
(0.024) and the condition while returning (p = 0.000).
Patients who have a history of hypertension to perform the routine control
and a healthy lifestyle. Medical treatment and maintainability for patients was done
intensively to reduce mortality rate. For the medical records department of RSUP H.
Adam Malik Medan to complete patient data recording such as ethnic and location of
bleeding.
Keywords: Characteristics of Patient , Stroke Hemorrhagic, RSUP H. Adam Malik
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Stroke merupakan gangguan peredaran darah di otak akibat tersumbat atau
pecahnya pembuluh darah. Stroke dibagi menjadi 2 berdasarkan patologisnya yaitu
stroke iskemik dan haemoragik. Dari seluruh jumlah kasus stroke, 80% menderita
stroke iskemik dan 20% stroke haemoragik. Stroke merupakan penyebab kematian
utama di Indonesia dengan proporsi 14,4%.
Untuk mengetahui karakteristik penderita stroke haemoragik yang dirawat
inap, dilakukan penelitian di RSUP H. Adam Malik Medan dengan desain case
series. Populasi dan sampel penelitian berjumlah 111 orang pada tahun 2012 yang
tercatat di rekam medis rumah sakit. Data univariat dianalisis secara deskriptif
sedangkan data bivariat dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji Chi-square dan Anova .
Proporsi berdasarkan sosiodemografi tertinggi pada kelompok umur 45-59
tahun 48,6%, laki-laki 51,4%, Islam 63,1%, SLTA/Sederajat 41,4%, status kawin
96,4%, Ibu Rumah Tangga 41,4%, dan luar Kota Medan 77,5%. Proporsi berdasarkan
status rawatan tertinggi kesadaran menurun 73%, hemiparesis dextra 53,2%,
hipertensi 78,4%, Perdarahan Intraserebral (PIS) 83,8%, hemifer serebri 43,7%,
tindakan konservatif 99,1%, lama rawatan rata-rata 6,37 hari, asuransi 82,9%, dan
meninggal 64,9%. Tidak ada perbedaan yang bermakna antara lama rawatan rata-rata
dengan keluahan utama (p=0,161), letak kelumpuhan (p=0,81), dan lokasi perdarahan
(p=0,085). Ada perbedaan yang bermakna antara lama rawatan rata-rata penderita
dengan hasil CT-Scan (0,024) dan keadaan sewaktu pulang (p=0,000).
Penderita yang memiliki riwayat hipertensi untuk melakukan kontrol rutin
serta menerapkan pola hidup sehat. Tindakan medis dan perawatan dilakukan secara
intensif bagi penderita untuk menekan angka kematian. Bagi pihak rekam medik
RSUP H. Adam Malik Medan untuk melengkapi pencatatan data penderita seperti
suku dan lokasi perdarahan.
Kata kunci: Karakteristik Penderita, Stroke Haemoragik, RSUP H Adam Malik
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRACT
Stroke was a disorder of blood circulation in the brain due to blocked or rupture of
blood vessels. Stroke was divided into two parts based on the pathological namely,
ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. Of entire the number of cases of stroke, 80% had
ischemic stroke and 20% of stroke hemorrhagic. Stroke was the main cause of death
in Indonesia with a proportion of 14.4%.
To determine the characteristics of stroke hemorrhagic patients hospitalized,
conducted research at RSUP H. Adam Malik Medan with case series design.
Population and the sample was 111 people in 2012 which recorded in hospital
medical records. Univariate data were analyzed descriptively while bivariate data
were analyzed using Chi-square test and ANOVA.
Proportion based on the highest sociodemographic in the age group 45-59
years 48.6%, men 51.4%, muslim 63.1%, high school/equal 41.4%, 96.4% married
status, housewife 41, 4%, and 77.5% outside the city of Medan. Proportion based on
the highest treatment status, 73% decreased consciousness, hemiparesis dextra
53.2%, hypertension 78.4%, intracerebral hemorrhage 83.8%, 43.7% cerebral
hemifer, 99.1% of conservative measures, long maintainability average 6.37 days,
insurance 82.9%, and 64.9% died. There was no significant difference between the
average treatment time with the main complaints (p = 0.161), location of the
paralysis (p = 0.81), and the site of bleeding (p = 0.085). There was a significant
difference between the average treatment time of patients with CT-Scan results
(0.024) and the condition while returning (p = 0.000).
Patients who have a history of hypertension to perform the routine control
and a healthy lifestyle. Medical treatment and maintainability for patients was done
intensively to reduce mortality rate. For the medical records department of RSUP H.
Adam Malik Medan to complete patient data recording such as ethnic and location of
bleeding.
Keywords: Characteristics of Patient , Stroke Hemorrhagic, RSUP H. Adam Malik
Universitas Sumatera Utara