Review of Literature
6. Review of Literature, Concepts and Theoretical Framework
The researcher collected some studies for review and comparing the study that related
with the topic of this study. This is done that the studies being keep on the track of the topic
that analyzing Slang words by comparing the theory, the strength, weakness, and relevance to
this study.
The first study entitled “An Analysis of Slang Language Types in Rush Hour 2 movie
“written by Sari, P.R. (2010). The writer said that the language has an important function in
society’s life. There is non-standard language which has been known as Slang language.
Slang language has very informal expression which is more common in spoken language. In
this paper, the writer discusses about analysis of slang language in the Rush Hour 2 movie.
The purpose of this study is to find out the types and the reason of slang language that is used
by the actor or actress in the movie. The writer focuses the study on the Rush Hour 2 movie,
produced by Roger Birnbaum Company, 2001. The writer uses descriptive qualitative
method, where she describes one by one word or phrase of slang language from the movie.
From the analysis, the writer selects three types of slang, they are: society slang, workmen’s
slang and public house slang. To support the analysis, the writer uses some dictionaries of
slang language and other related references. The writer also uses theories from some experts
one of them come from Eric Partidge. To find the words or phrases of slang, the writer has
already selected fifteen of slang words and phrases from the movie and analyzes them one by
one. After the writer explains the theoretical framework, the writer tabulated the data of slang
words or phrases. Then, she analyses the data through the perspective of slang types and the
interpretation into Standard English. The similarities between this study and this thesis is the
method how the data being analyze based on descriptive qualitative method.
Another Study also related to this study entitled “Slang in Miller’s Deadpool Movie”
written by A.A. Ngurah Andika Rama (2017). The writer said that the aims of this study are
to categorize the types of slang words and phrases, interpreting and identifying the function
of slang words and phrases, and to describe the literal and figurative meaning of slang words
and phrases in Slang in Miller’s Deadpool Movie. The data of this study were collected from
the movie entitled Deadpool Movie Directed by Tim Miller (2016). Documentation method
was used to collect the data and then qualitatively described based on the theory Allan and
Burridge who divided the types of slang into five types such as Fresh and Creative, Flippant,
Imitative, Acronym, and Clipping. The function of the slang is divided into seven functions
there are to address, to form intimate atmosphere, to initiate relax conversation, to express
impression, to reveal anger, to humiliate, to show intimacy. The meaning of the uttered slang
words and phrases taken from the theory of Hayes who proposed the literal and figurative
meaning Slang in Miller’s Deadpool Movie. There are five types of slang which are found in
this study such as seven in Fresh and Creative, eight in Flippant, twelve in Imitative, only one
in Acronym, then, four in Clipping are spoken by the entire characters in the movie script.
Then, there are seven functions of slang used proposed by Allan and Buridge such as “to
address”, “to form intimate atmosphere”, “to initiate relax conversation”, “to express
impression”, “to reveal anger”, “to humiliate and to show intimacy”. Next, this study found
that the meaning of each slang word and phrase in this movie is not only based on
dictionaries but also based on the context of situation and the participants when the slang is
used. Besides, slang words and phrases that found are mostly used in informal situation by
people who know each other well. Then every slang word and phrase have different meaning
either literally or figuratively. In comparison with first study this study using theory that
commonly used in the thesis it also makes the author use the thesis as a preference to start
this study.
The last study entitled “An Analysis of Slang Language in Song Lyrics Used by “Justin
Bieber” by Mahnunik, S.N (2015). This study concern with the analysis of slang words in
Justin Bieber song lyrics. there are two statement problem What slang words are used by
Justin Bieber in his song lyrics and What are the characteristic of using slang words in Justin
Bieber lyrics. Slang is nonstandard use of word in a language of a part social group. Slang
terms are often particular to a certain subculture, such as: musicians, skate boarders and drugs
users. Another theory of slang by Menchen (1936: 481) slang is expressions that do not
belong to Standard English. There are four characteristic of slang words, they are Blending,
Clipping, coinage and acronym. To reveal the problems that were mentioned in the research
problems, the writer used descriptive qualitative method. To collecting the data the writer
searching the lyrics songs by Justin Bieber in Internet, after that the writer collected the slang
word was found in lyrics and the last find the characteristic of slang words that used in Justin
Bieber song lyrics.
The researcher collected some studies for review and comparing the study that related
with the topic of this study. This is done that the studies being keep on the track of the topic
that analyzing Slang words by comparing the theory, the strength, weakness, and relevance to
this study.
The first study entitled “An Analysis of Slang Language Types in Rush Hour 2 movie
“written by Sari, P.R. (2010). The writer said that the language has an important function in
society’s life. There is non-standard language which has been known as Slang language.
Slang language has very informal expression which is more common in spoken language. In
this paper, the writer discusses about analysis of slang language in the Rush Hour 2 movie.
The purpose of this study is to find out the types and the reason of slang language that is used
by the actor or actress in the movie. The writer focuses the study on the Rush Hour 2 movie,
produced by Roger Birnbaum Company, 2001. The writer uses descriptive qualitative
method, where she describes one by one word or phrase of slang language from the movie.
From the analysis, the writer selects three types of slang, they are: society slang, workmen’s
slang and public house slang. To support the analysis, the writer uses some dictionaries of
slang language and other related references. The writer also uses theories from some experts
one of them come from Eric Partidge. To find the words or phrases of slang, the writer has
already selected fifteen of slang words and phrases from the movie and analyzes them one by
one. After the writer explains the theoretical framework, the writer tabulated the data of slang
words or phrases. Then, she analyses the data through the perspective of slang types and the
interpretation into Standard English. The similarities between this study and this thesis is the
method how the data being analyze based on descriptive qualitative method.
Another Study also related to this study entitled “Slang in Miller’s Deadpool Movie”
written by A.A. Ngurah Andika Rama (2017). The writer said that the aims of this study are
to categorize the types of slang words and phrases, interpreting and identifying the function
of slang words and phrases, and to describe the literal and figurative meaning of slang words
and phrases in Slang in Miller’s Deadpool Movie. The data of this study were collected from
the movie entitled Deadpool Movie Directed by Tim Miller (2016). Documentation method
was used to collect the data and then qualitatively described based on the theory Allan and
Burridge who divided the types of slang into five types such as Fresh and Creative, Flippant,
Imitative, Acronym, and Clipping. The function of the slang is divided into seven functions
there are to address, to form intimate atmosphere, to initiate relax conversation, to express
impression, to reveal anger, to humiliate, to show intimacy. The meaning of the uttered slang
words and phrases taken from the theory of Hayes who proposed the literal and figurative
meaning Slang in Miller’s Deadpool Movie. There are five types of slang which are found in
this study such as seven in Fresh and Creative, eight in Flippant, twelve in Imitative, only one
in Acronym, then, four in Clipping are spoken by the entire characters in the movie script.
Then, there are seven functions of slang used proposed by Allan and Buridge such as “to
address”, “to form intimate atmosphere”, “to initiate relax conversation”, “to express
impression”, “to reveal anger”, “to humiliate and to show intimacy”. Next, this study found
that the meaning of each slang word and phrase in this movie is not only based on
dictionaries but also based on the context of situation and the participants when the slang is
used. Besides, slang words and phrases that found are mostly used in informal situation by
people who know each other well. Then every slang word and phrase have different meaning
either literally or figuratively. In comparison with first study this study using theory that
commonly used in the thesis it also makes the author use the thesis as a preference to start
this study.
The last study entitled “An Analysis of Slang Language in Song Lyrics Used by “Justin
Bieber” by Mahnunik, S.N (2015). This study concern with the analysis of slang words in
Justin Bieber song lyrics. there are two statement problem What slang words are used by
Justin Bieber in his song lyrics and What are the characteristic of using slang words in Justin
Bieber lyrics. Slang is nonstandard use of word in a language of a part social group. Slang
terms are often particular to a certain subculture, such as: musicians, skate boarders and drugs
users. Another theory of slang by Menchen (1936: 481) slang is expressions that do not
belong to Standard English. There are four characteristic of slang words, they are Blending,
Clipping, coinage and acronym. To reveal the problems that were mentioned in the research
problems, the writer used descriptive qualitative method. To collecting the data the writer
searching the lyrics songs by Justin Bieber in Internet, after that the writer collected the slang
word was found in lyrics and the last find the characteristic of slang words that used in Justin
Bieber song lyrics.