Jurnal Ekologi Kesehatan adalah media informasi hasil penelitian dan pengembangan bidang ekologi kesehatan untuk Pengelola Program Kesehatan dan masyarakat, serta merupakan sarana komunikasi para penelitipengelolapeminat bidang ekologi kesehatan
Volume 15 Nomor 2 September 2016 ARTIKEL PENELITIAN PENINGKATAN INDEKS STANDAR PENCEMARAN UDARA (ISPU) DAN KEJADIAN GANGGUAN SALURAN PERNAPASAN DI KOTA PEKANBARU HUBUNGAN KADAR PB DENGAN KADAR HB PADA ANAK DI WILAYAH DAUR ULANG AKI BEKAS INFORMAL DI BOGOR, DEPOK, TANGERANG, DAN BEKASI STUDI BIOAKUMULASI MERKURI DARI JALUR AIR LAUT OLEH KERANG
DARAH (ANADARA GRANOSA) DAN KERANG HIJAU (PERNA VIRIDIS)
PERILAKU MASYARAKAT DALAM PENGENDALIAN TIKUS DI DAERAH BERESIKO PENULARAN LEPTOSPIROSIS DI KABUPATEN KULON PROGO, YOGYAKARTA FAKTOR LINGKUNGAN SEBAGAI PEMBENTUK INDIKATOR STATUS SOSIAL YANG BERPERAN DALAM KEBERLANGSUNGAN PEMANFAATAN PELAYANAN KESEHATAN MATERNAL FAKTOR KONDISI PEKERJAAN YANG MEMPENGARUHI STRESS KERJA PADA PEGAWAI NEGERI SIPIL DI BADAN LITBANG KESEHATAN, KEMENTERIAN KESEHATANJurnal Ekologi Kesehatan adalah media informasi hasil penelitian dan pengembangan bidang ekologi kesehatan untuk Pengelola Program Kesehatan dan masyarakat, serta merupakan sarana komunikasi para peneliti/pengelola/peminat bidang ekologi kesehatan
Jurnal Ekologi Kesehatan The Indonesian Journal of Health Ecology
Dr. Ir. Mursid Raharjo, M.Si. (Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia) Dr. dr. Suhartono Damas, M.Kes. (Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia)
Prof. dr. Umar Fahmi Achmadi, M.P.H., Ph.D. (Universitas Indonesia) Prof. Dr. Mohammad Sudomo, SCOPUS ID = 6602156083; h-index = 5 (WHO, Indonesia)
Prof. Drh Upik Kesumawati Hadi MS. Ph.D. (Institut Pertanian Bogor, Indonesia) Prof. Dr. Ridad Agoes, M.P.H. SCOPUS ID = 6506160395; h-index = 5 (Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia)
Prof Dr. Ir. Dodiek Briawan, M.S. (Institut Pertanian Bogor, Indonesia) Prof. Dr. Drs. Amrul Munif, M.S. (Balitbangkes, Indonesia)
Dr. Drs. Ida Bagus Indra Gotama, S.K.M., M.Si. (Poltekkes Jakarta II, Indonesia) Drs. Bambang Wispriyono, Apt., Ph.D., SCOPUS ID = 6602212375; h-index = 9, (Universitas Indonesia)
Dr. Semiarto Aji Purwanto (Universitas Indonesia) Tri Prasetyo Sasimartoyo, M.Sc., Ph.D. (Peneliti Independen, Indonesia)
Dr. Asep Sofyan, S.T., M.T. (Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia) Dr. Salahudin Muhidin, Ph.D., (SCOPUS ID = 16242218900 ; h-index = 3 (Macquarie University, Australia)
Dr.Lukman Hakim, S.K.M., M.Kes. (Global Fund, Kementerian Kesehatan, Indonesia) Atmarita, M.P.H., Dr.P.H. (Asosiasi Peneliti Kesehatan Indonesia /APKESI))
Zahra,S.Si., M.K.M. (Kesehatan Masyarakat, Balitbangkes)
Dra. Zubaidah Alatas, M.Si. (Badan Tenaga Nuklir Nasional, Indonesia) Drh. Basundari Sri Utami, M.Kes. (Peneliti Independen, Indonesia)
Bambang Sukana, S.K.M., M.Kes. (Balitbangkes, Indonesia)
Editor Bahasa
Cahyorini, S.T., M.T. (Teknik Lingkungan, Balitbangkes) Nurillah Amaliah, S.P., M.K.M. (Gizi Masyarakat, Balitbangkes)
Kencana Sari, S.K.M., M.P.H. (Gizi Masyarakat, Balitbangkes) Sugiharti A., S.K.M., M.Si. (Kesehatan Reproduksi, Balitbangkes)
Editor Pelaksana
Rianto Purnama, S.Kom. (Balitbangkes, Indonesia)
Mitra Bestari
Nunik Kusumawardani, S.K.M., M.Sc.P.H., Ph.D. (Promosi Kesehatan, Balitbangkes) Dra. Jusniar Ariati, M.Si. (Biologi Lingkungan, Balitbangkes )
Diterbitkan oleh
Dra. Athena, A. M.Si. (Kesehatan Lingkungan Balitbangkes, Indonesia)
Pusat Penelitian Dan Pengembangan Upaya Kesehatan Masyarakat Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan
Kementerian Kesehatan RI, Jakarta Jalan Percetakan Negara 29 Kotak Pos 1226 Jakarta 10560 indonesia
Telp/Fax. (021) 42872392, 4241921 Email: jurnalekologikesehatan@gmail.com
Website: http://ejournal.litbang.depkes.go.id/index.php/jek
Penanggung Jawab/Pimpinan Umum
Kepala Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Upaya Kesehatan Masyarakat
Ketua Dewan Redaksi
Wakil Ketua Dewan Redaksi
Dr. Miko Hananto, S.K.M., M.Kes. (Kesehatan Lingkungan, Balitbangkes ) Dr. Agus Triwinarto, S.K.M., M.Kes. (Gizi Masyarakat, Balitbangkes)
Dr. Ir. Anies Irawati, M.Kes. (Gizi Masyarakat, Balitbangkes, Indonesia)
Anggota Dewan Redaksi
Dr. Dede Anwar Musadad, S.K.M, M.Kes. (Kesehatan Lingkungan, Balitbangkes) Drs. Kasnodihardjo (Sosiologi Kesehatan, Balitbangkes)
Drs. M. Hasyimi, M.K.M. (Biologi Lingkungan, Balitbangkes) Sri Irianti, SKM., M.Phil, Ph.D. (Kesehatan Lingkungan, Balitbangkes)
Dr. Ir. Inswiasri, M.Kes. (Kimia Lingkungan, Balitbangkes) Dr. Dwi Hapsari, S.K.M, M.Kes. (Epidemiologi dan Biostatistik, Balitbangkes)
Dr. Joko Irianto, S.K.M, M.Kes. (Epidemiologi dan Biostatistik, Balitbangkes) Dr. dr. Felly Philipus Senewe, M.Kes. (Kesehatan Masyarakat, Balitbangkes)
Dr.dr.Harimat Hendarwan, M.Kes. (Sistem Kesehatan, Balitbangkes) Dra. Rr. Rachmalina S.,M.Sc.P.H. (Antropologi Kesehatan, Balitbangkes)
Volume 15 Nomor 2 September 2016 p-ISSN : 1412-4025 e-ISSN : 2354-8754
JURNAL EKOLOGI KESEHATAN
ISSN 1412-4025
Biokinetic parameters, such as the uptake and depuration rate and Concentration Factor, were determined to obtain predictions of Bioconcentration Factor (BCF) and steady state conditions. The results of experiment using non-linear model showed that blood cockle and green mussel have the capability to accumulate Hg
Keywords: Behavior, rodent control, myth and belief
Rodents are animals that have a high adaptability and they can multiply rapidly in all kinds of places. The existence of rats to humans may be adversely affected as they become agricultural pests and spread infectious diseases such as plague and leptospirosis. Various methods of rat controls have been carried out both traditionally and modernly. This study aims to explore the behavior of people in an attempt to control and its factors that influence the ways to do it. The research was conducted using qualitative design with descriptive analysis. The data collection was done by in-depth interviews and focus group discussion with research location in Nanggulan District, Kulon Progo Regency. The results showed there are several ways in controlling rat such as hunt and kill which is so- called “gropyokan”, using owls, glue, rat poison, fumigation, fragrance clothes, food bait, cat, and some kinds of rituals. There are rodent control methods by killing or simply expel them. In addition, there are myths and beliefs about the presence of rats in the community.
Tri Isnani PERILAKU MASYARAKAT PADA PENGENDALIAN TIKUS DI DAERAH BERESIKO PENULARAN LEPTOSPIROSIS DI KABUPATEN KULON PROGO, YOGYAKARTA
granosa
Keywords: Bioaccumulation, mercury, Perna viridis, Anadara
in Anadara granosa exceeds those required by ISO 7387:2009. On the other hand, the predicted in Perna viridis still meet the requirements of ISO 7387 2009.
2+
respectively. The predicted concentration of Hg
by 15429.38 and 6963.68 times higher than its concentration in seawater after 51 days. Based on the BCF value obtained from the experiments, the predicted concentration of mercury in Anadara granosa and Perna viridis from Jakarta Bay was 1.327 and 0.599 mg.Kg
2+
2+ was conducted based on laboratory experiments design.
The Indonesian Journal of Health Ecology
Hg
203
bioaccumulation ability by bloodcockle (Anadara granosa) and green mussel (Perna viridis) using the radiotracer
2+
Blood cockle and green mussel are source of protein that vulnerable to contamination by mercury (Hg) through bioaccumulation process. The research of Hg
Keywords: Battery recycling, lead (PB), haemoglobin, Budiawan, Heny Suseno STUDI BIOAKUMULASI MERKURI DARI JALUR AIR LAUT OLEH KERANG DARAH (ANADARA GRANOSA) DAN KERANG HIJAU (PERNA VIRIDIS)
The increasing number of unofficial dry battery recycling done by households and small industries could have an impact on public health. During the recycling process there will be Pb emissions (battery major component) into the air. Pb exposure, especially to children can cause health effects such as anemia microcytic and hyprochromic. This study aims to discover the effect of Pb exposure from used batteries recycling on the cases of children with anemia (aged 7-13 years) in Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, and Bekasi in the year 2014. Study design was cross-sectional, with the sample of children as many as 418. Levels of lead in children's blood was measured using Lead Care Analyzer II, and hemoglobin levels in the blood with Hemoque 2.1. The results showed that 36.6% of children suffer from anemia. The test results indicate a statistically significant relationship (p <0.05) between Pb levels in the blood with anemia (low Hb levels); with a very weak correlation (correlation coefficient: 0.124). Need more thorough studies on aspects of health impacts from battery recycling.
Keywords: Forest Fires, API, Uri, Asthma, Pneumonia Inswiasri, f.x. Sintawati HUBUNGAN KADAR PB DENGAN KADAR HB PADA ANAK DI WILAYAH DAUR ULANG AKI BEKAS INFORMAL DI BOGOR, DEPOK, TANGERANG, DAN BEKASI
This causes the reduction of air quality, which in turn can cause breathing problems. This article aims to determine the relationship of the increase in air pollution index (API) and the cases of respiratory problems in Pekanbaru City in 2015. The study design was cross-sectional. Samples are all people with respiratory problems (Upper Respiratory Tract Infections/URI, asthma, and pneumonia) who visited Puskesmas or health post in Pekanbaru, amounted to 12,939 people. Data collected were daily data of API and Pekanbaru residents visit to Puskesmas and health posts with complaints of respiratory problems. Spearman rho correlation test was used to analyze the data with SPSS software. API from July to October 2015 range was quite wide from 34.7 up to 778.0. Average API in September and October 2015 were more than in the period of July and August 2015. The Spearman rho correlation analysis showed that the API value have significant correlation (p=0.000) with respiratory problems. Correlation between API with URI, asthma, and pneumonia is highest on the lag time 0, respectively 0.779; 0.237; and 0.436. It can be concluded that the increased API will increase URI on the same day .
INDEKS STANDAR PENCEMARAN UDARA (ISPU) DAN KEJADIAN GANGGUAN SALURAN PERNAPASAN DI KOTA PEKANBARU In 2015, the forest fires are quite severe in Riau Province.
This abstract sheet may be reproduce without permission or charge
Asep Hermawan, Miko Hananto, Doni Lasut PENINGKATAN- 1
Sustainability of antenatal care in health services remains a challenge in Indonesia. This is very much related to residential area, mother's education, and the quality of housing and environment. In addition, people from lower socioeconomic status sometime do not have access to maternal services regularly. This research attempt to elicit an overview of the utilization of maternal care in terms of the environmental factors (sanitation and housing). This analysis used SPSS software to develop social status from housing quality and sanitation in Riskesdas 2013 which is then used as a representation of the utilization of maternal health services. The analysis showed that the percentage of mothers who used maternal health services continuously was higher education (64.9%), employment (44.6%) and live in urban areas (54.8%). Utilization of maternal care was higher for people with better housing (58,8%) than people with poor ones. Government supports on maternal health is needed through the development of health facilities in rural areas for sustainability of maternal health services.
Keywords: Environmental factors, social index, maternal
health services
Eva Laelasari, L Meily Kurniawidjaja
FAKTOR KONDISI PEKERJAAN YANG MEMPENGARUHI STRESS KERJA PADA PEGAWAI NEGERI SIPIL DI BADAN LITBANG KESEHATAN, KEMENTERIAN KESEHATAN
One of the factors that can influence stress on workers is the condition of employment. This article is part of a study aimed to analyze the factors of working conditions that affect work stress of civil servants in the National Institute of Health Research and Development (NIHRD). The design study is cross-sectional. Samples were taken from one unit at NIHRD, with 70 people consisting of two groups, namely researchers and administrative. Data collection method used is sequential explanatory, that is the collection of quantitative data through questionnaires followed by in-depth interviews. The dependent variable is stress caused by work and the independent variables are the working conditions. Data analysis was performed for bivariate with Chi Square test using SPSS software. The results showed that there are differences and similarities factors affecting work stress. Administrative group have a tendency to experience work stress 3.7 times more than the researcher group.
Keywords: Work stress, administrative, researcher
Volume 15 Nomor 2 September 2016
ISSN : 1412-4025 JURNAL EKOLOGI KESEHATAN
The Indonesian Journal of Health Ecology DAFTAR ISI
I. Editorial
II. Artikel Halaman
1. Peningkatan Indeks Standar Pencemaran Udara (ISPU) dan Kejadian 76 - 86 Gangguan Saluran Pernapasan di Kota Pekanbaru …………................. Oleh : Asep Hermawan, Miko Hananto, Doni Lasut
2. Hubungan Kadar Pb Dengan Kadar Hb Pada Anak di Wilayah Daur 87 - 96
Ulang Aki Bekas Informal di Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, dan Bekasi....Oleh : Inswiasri, F.X. Sintawati
3. Studi Bioakumulasi Merkuri Dari Jalur Air Laut Oleh Kerang Darah 97 - 106
(Anadara Granosa) Dan Kerang Hijau (Perna Viridis) …….................Oleh : Budiawan, Heny Suseno
4. Perilaku Masyarakat Dalam Pengendalian Tikus di Daerah Berisiko 107 - 114
Penularan Leptospirosis di Kabupaten Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta ….Oleh : Tri Isnani
5. Faktor Lingkungan Sebagai Pembentuk Indikator Status Sosial yang 115 - 126
Berperan Dalam Keberlangsungan Pemanfaatan Pelayanan Kesehatan Maternal .................................................................................................. Oleh : Khadijah Azhar, Ika Dharmayanti, Nirmala Ahmad Ma’ruf
6. Faktor Kondisi Pekerjaan Yang Mempengaruhi Stress Kerja Pada 127 - 139
Pegawai Negeri Sipil di Badan Litbang Kesehatan, Kementerian Kesehatan ………..………………………….....……………………..... Oleh : Eva Laelasari, L Meily Kurniawidjaja
EDITORIAL
Masalah kesehatan masyarakat khususnya di negara berkembang termasuk Indonesia sangat
beragam. Pada penerbitan kedua, Jurnal Ekologi Kesehatan Volume 15 No.2 Tahun 2016
menyajikan berbagai artikel dengan topik tentang kondisi pencemaran lingkungan dan beberapa
solusi untuk mengatasinya serta topik lain yang terkait dengan kesehatan kerja.Tingginya Indeks Standar Pencemaran Udara (ISPU) akibat kebakaran hutan di Provinsi Riau
pada periode Juli sampai dengan September 2015 berpengaruh terhadap gangguan saluran
pernapasan (ISPA, Asma, dan Pneumonia) masyarakat di Pekanbaru. Secara statistik, tingginya
ISPU (penurunan kualitas udara) berkorelasi kuat dengan ISPA, moderat dengan pneumoni, dan
lemah dengan asma .Maraknya daur ulang aki bekas oleh masyarakat (informal) di Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, dan
Bekasi dapat menimbulkan pencemaran logam berat timah hitam (Pb). Pajanan Pb dalam waktu
dan kadar tertentu akan berpengaruh buruk terhadap kesehatan. Terbukti adanya korelasi antara
Pb dan Hb darah secara signifikan (p = 0,015). Sebanyak 36,6% anak-anak yang tinggal di
wilayah daur ulang aki bekas terbukti mengalami anemia.Logam berat seperti Timah Hitam (Pb), Kadmium (Cd), dan Merkuri (Hg) merupakan bahan
kimia yang berbahaya karena sifatnya yang dapat terakumulasi dalam tubuh. Jalur masuknya
logam-logam berat tersebut ke dalam tubuh di antaranya adalah melalui bahan pangan seperti
hasil laut (ikan dan kerang). Tercemarnya perairan, dapat meningkatkan kandungan logam berat
tersebut dalam biota laut (terutama kerang). Dalam rangka antisipasi dampak kesehatan akibat
konsumsi hasil laut yang mengandung logam berat, salah satu artikel dalam penerbitan ini
menyajikan hasil studi tentang studi bioakumulasi merkuri oleh kerang.Masalah penyakit leptospirosis di Indonesia, sampai saat ini belum dapat diatasi secara tuntas.
Peneliti dari Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pengendalian Penyakit Bersumber Binatang
Banjarnegara, telah mengidentifikasi perilaku masyarakat dalam pengendalian tikus yang
merupakan salah satu faktor risiko dari penyakit tersebut, di antaranya adalah gropyokan, burung
hantu, lem, racun tikus, pengemposan, menggunakan pewangi pakaian, umpan makanan, kucing,
dan dengan slametan, yang sifatnya bisa membunuh tikus atau hanya mengusirnya saja.Faktor lingkungan (rumah dan sarana sanitasinya) ternyata mempunyai peran terhadap
pemanfaatan pelayanan kesehatan maternal secara tidak langsung. Salah satu artikel dalam
penerbitan saat ini menyajikan hasil penelitian yang membuktikan hubungan antara kualitas
perumahan dan status sosial dengan keberlanjutan pemeriksaan kehamilan. Semakin baiknya
kualitas perumahan, semakin baik pula status sosial sebuah keluarga. Meningkatnya status sosial
dapat meningkatkan kesadaran ibu dalam pemeriksaan kehamilan ke pelayanan kesehatan
sehingga ibu dapat menjaga kesehatan sejak masa kehamilan sampai dengan masa nifas.Topik lain yang tidak kalah menarik adalah tentang pengaruh kondisi lingkungan kerja terhadap
stress pekerja di salah satu unit kerja di lingkungan Badan Litbang Kesehatan. Kementerian
Kesehatan R.I. Pegawai fungsional umum memiliki kecenderungan mengalami stress kerja
sebesar 3,7 kali dibandingkan kelompok fungsional peneliti. Demikian editorial Jurnal Ekologi Kesehatan edisi ini