The Effect Of Cadmium on Sperm Quality and Fertilization Of Cyprinus carpio L. | Hayati | Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology 26744 71872 1 PB
J. T op. Biodi . Biote h., Vol.
7,
— 0
Jou al of T opi al Biodi e sit a d Biote h olog
jou al ho epage: htp://jt
.o .id
The Efect of Cad iu o Sper Quality a d Ferilizaio
of Cyprinus carpio L.
Aliah Ha ai*, Khus ita Gia i, Yuli Wi a sih, a d M. Hil a Fuadil A i
Biolog Depa t e t, Fa ult of S ie e a d Te h olog , U i e sitas Ai la gga,
*Co espo di g autho , e ail: aliaha ai @ ahoo. o , tel.: +
ARTICLE INFO
ABSTRACT
A i le histo :
Re ei ed / /
Re ei ed i e ised fo
A epted / /
The o je i e of the stud
/
a d fe ilizaio of C. a pio L. Spe
/
fo
.
/jt
the
atu e tesis a d o a
i e the efe t of ad iu
a d eggs
pp
ith eight epli aio s. Spe
i di idual
oilit du aio
o spe
e e olle ted
a do e st ipi g
oilit
a d ia ilit
o e t aio
ass
ee
,
oilit ,
,
ass
o de elop e t ate the eggs
ate fo
.
easu ed ate th ee to fou se o ds of
ee
i ed
ith spe
hou s. The su ess of the fe ilizaio p o ess
The data
spe
ualit
oilit
de eased the spe
pp
a d
. I troducio
Hu a a i iies i i dust , ag i ultu e o households
ease of polluta ts i
ajo polluta ts f o
etal su h as ad iu
al.,
. Cad iu
as the
ai
othe s
-
the i
is a to i hea
o au ilia
i kel- ad iu
% , the oai g
s thei
e tu ,
ate ials
-
-
.
Hea
-
% , pig e t
% , sta ilize s a d othe
% . U il the e d of the
% of the total glo al polluio
Mille ,
the i dust , a o g
i dust
ate ial
Mish a et
etal hi h is ote used
ate ial i
ate
a uai
aste t eat e ts a e
Cd a d lead P
etals
as Cd Co
e posu e
a
th
ell a d
dis upt
ph siologi al p o esses a d gi e to i efe ts to o ga is s
Pat i ,
ad iu
ia ilit
as i di ated
a d o t ol g oup sho
a d fe ilizaio ,
ualit a d fe ilizaio
e posu e de eases spe
ha e i pa ts o
o se i g
a d i u ated i the
a olo
hite- ilk if failed.
e e a al zed usi g a al sis of a ia e α = 0.05). The esults of this stud
i di ate that e posu e of
a hea
,a d
oilit du aio , a d
ha ge of the egg that da ke s ate su essful fe ilizaio , a d
e os ste s. The
,
i u aio i the ate . The pe e tage of fe ilit su ess as al ulated
e
ualit
of C. a pio L. This stud used o e o t ol a d fou
t eat e t g oups of a iaio o the ad iu
Ke o ds:
Cad iu
C p i us a pio L.
Fe ilizaio
Spe
ualit ,
DOI:
as to dete
.
Cell da age due to Cd e posu e, a o g othe s a e
ate. It a
ualit a d fe ilit at
pp
su ess i te
ut at
pp
of
o
oe
e o luded that ad iu
o highe o e t aio s.
ha ges i sulh d l ho eostasis a d de eased a io ida t
apa it
)
the i hi iio of the e z
a d Se i
etalloe z
e a d epla e e t of
es, thus
a i it . These ga e ise to the fo
edu i g
eta oli
aio of ea i e o ge
spe ies ROS that p odu e o idai e st ess i
ells a d ause
da ages su h as lipid pe o idaio , dest u io of p otei
st u tu e a d fu io , a d
utaio s i DNA Valko et al.,
.
The to i it of hea
etals afe ts
su h as ish a d a i di e tl afe t the
o ga s that o su e the . Siu et al.,
e e i t odu ed to the ish
a u ulaio
fo
e io
ate o ga is s
ale ep odu i e
. Hea
od th ough a so pio
etals
a d
e t. These dis upted the
st u tu e a d fu io of issues a d o ga s Jezie ska a d
Witeska,
. Hea
etal polluio has ee
epo ted to
J. T op. Biodi . Biote h., Vol.
i hi it spe
7,
atoge esis i
The
o
o
— 0
ale goldish Ta dju g,
a p C p i us
Cal ulaio s
.
a pio L is a
e e pe fo
ed o
spe
ells fo ea h
epeiio i o e t eat e t.
idel
uli ated spe ies of ish. The deadl efe ts a d to i iies of
a ious
etals ha e
Maso ,
ate
ee
. Spe
oilit
, Cosso ,
espi aio
oile
ill o u
. The
at i uted to a se ies of ellula
spe
e og ized i
ish e o e
a d spe
Mo isa a,
idel
edu io
soluio
eased
stai ed
i
ATP
. The o je i e of this
easu ed ate the i st diluio . O e
d op of suspe sio is pla ed i to o e d op of
e
a
Via ilit
The ia ilit is
a sho t i e
ha ges, i ludi g i
ates a d a d asi
as to dete
spe
i
. . Spe
eleased i
oilit of spe
o te t Dz u a a d Cosso ,
stud
he
goldish
ith a
ate o a Cd
a ious o e t aio , the
ith % Eosi a d
s ea ed a d
% Nig osi a d the
fo the pe e tage of li i g spe
the olo , hile li i g spe
al ulated
. Dead spe
ill ot a so
ill a so
the olo
i e the efe t of Cd o the ualit of
. . Fe ilizaio
a d fe ilit of C. a pio, L.
I the o se aio of fe ilizaio , t o
. Materials a d Methods
The
suspe sio
ate ials used i this e pe i e t a e CdCl , . %
NaCl, fe ale a d
ale C. Ca pio L. f o
ith
as
a ious
used a o plete a do ized desig
as i di ated
o sisi g of o e o t ol
g oup a d fou t eat e ts ith a ious o e t aio s of Cd
,a d
pp
The spe
l of the se e
NaCl. As
l
-
Ea h t eat e t used
l s i ge. O e
te i es
l of eggs
-
ith . %
l
ha ge of egg olo to lea ate
ut
ill
e loud like
hite- ilk if fe ilizaio
fo
ass
oilit ,
o e a
hile othe pa a ete s
a ia e ANOVA p < ,
. Results a d Discussio
spe
oilit
oilit is
dilui g the sa ple i
diluted agai
oilit
if o
spe
spe
ass
ate , the i u ated fo
oilit
o e, t o if
as
s.
as al ulated usi g a s o e
o e e t is o se ed, o e if
o se ed
l
o e, th ee if
o e tha
% spe
%
a
pp
as
a d
oilit
diluio . O e hu d ed
du aio
is
easu ed ate the i st
l of suspe sio is pla ed o a glass
o a e the diluted agai
ith
l
ate o Cd soluio
ith a ious o e t aio s. Ate i u ated fo
sa ple as al ulated fo the du aio of
The du aio of i di idual
the i st diluio . Fo t
o a e o je t the
the
l of spe
dissol ed
ass
oilit is
s, the
oilit .
easu ed ate
suspe sio is pla ed o a
ith
l
ate o Cd
ith a ious o e t aio s, i u ated fo
al ulated fo the du aio of the i di idual
spe
of ish
a d NaCl
e o es h pe a i e ate
se o ds at oo
te pe atu e. The
oilit
± , ut at o e t aio s of
pp
the e
alue p < .
Figu e
ass
o
oe
as a sig ii a t de ease i
ass
± ,
±
,
; .
pp
± .
; a d
.
Mass
Mass
oilit
suspe sio
ate . Moilit
-
ass
oilit s o e of the o t ol g oup a d the Cd t eat e t
o e.
soluio
ith
i u aio fo
% of o se ed
% o se ed spe
o e a d fou if
is a i e he the spe
is diluted
suspe sio
. % NaCl. The suspe sio
l of
The pe e tage of
of
easu ed i the spe
ith
e e a al zed
a d Du a test.
The esults sho ed that the
Mass
ei g
e e a al zed usi g K uskal-Wallis p < ,
. . Efe t of Cd o
of . % NaCl.
. . Spe
ee
e e olle ted i a up.
eggs a d diluted usi g to
-
i utes. O se aio s
hou s of fe ilizaio . Su essful fe ilizaio
The data
e e olle ted
as olle ted i
as take to dilute
u h as
eggs. Wate o Cd soluio
as added a d ho oge ized
. . Data a al sis
a d eggs
a d eggs of the ish
st ippi g. Se e
fe ilized,
l of spe
failed.
.
. . Colle io of ish spe
ith
usi g ooste feathe fo i e
F esh ate
ade ate
,
i ed
o e t aio
A ua ultu e I stallaio , Batu Mala g, East Ja a. This stud
,
lea .
spe
oilit du aio is the i e e ui ed fo
ass
oilit , hi h is dife e t fo ea h g oup. Du aio of
ass
oilit at the o t ol is
sig ii a tl
p< .
± .
se o d ut de eased
ate e posu e of Cd. The highe the
o e t aio of Cd the less du aio of
ea du aio of Cd of
espe i el
± .
.
± .
,
;
.
ass
,
, a d
± .
;
.
±
oilit . The
pp
e e,
.
; a d
se o ds Figu e A .
The du aio of i di idual
s, a d
fo the
oilit .
sho ed the du aio
oilit is the i e e ui ed
oilit of ea h i di idual o spe
ell. The esults
e ui ed fo ea h spe
ell a ies
J. T op. Biodi . Biote h., Vol.
7,
— 0
A
Figure . S o e of the
ass
oilit of C. a pio L. spe
ate
e posu e Cd
et ee g oups. The highest du aio
as fou d i
he eas the Cd t eat e t de eased the
ea h spe
ell sig ii a tl
o t ol
.
± .
p< .
± .
se o d, ut o the t eat e t of a ious
;a d
Cad iu
oilit du aio of
. I di idual du aio at
o e t aio of Cd espe i el
.
B
o t ol,
.
± .
.
± .
;
.
± .
;
se o ds Figu e B .
to i it i a uai o ga is s de eases ell
a d issue fu io
he the o e t aio s a e lo , ut at
high o e t aio s leads to the death of the o ga is . Cd
a
e i t odu ed i to the
a u ulaio o
od
Da
o o,
e fu io i
. Ma
hea
the st u tu e a d ph siolog of spe
a i aio
e
a d spe
al.,
ells a d its
etal efe ts o
, i ludi g i hi ii g
ate ial,
aki g
ells Lah stei e et
e a i it . The fo
etal ea io s
e
i lue ed
io s,
o pou ds f o
F ee adi als f o
e u de goes de atu aio
Cd a e te the spe
a
this aldeh de auses spe
; Ca ita et al.,
a i it
is
ith the a i it of Ca
de eases
esea h that has
ith
high
ee
do e
Cd
de ease i the spe
g/L. Cd io s a
o e e ts a d
i d p otei s that afe t
eat- oss e z
i di gs that afe t spe
.
ells sus epi le to f ee adi als
.
ell
eta olis
, leadi g to a de ease i spe
. . Efe ts of Cd o spe
Spe
e f e ue ies, o
Lah stei e et al.
oilit
ates.
spe
ausi g i
a
of ATP
e afe ted
i se e . It's i po ta t to
eased lipid
ia ilit
% Nig osi stai i g,
olo
ia ilit
ia ilit is the pe e tage of li i g a d health
fe ilit . The spe
. Moilit
etals
spe
aio of
Moilit depe ds o e e g suppl i the fo
st ess due to hea
Ca
to i te fe e
, Cd auses a
oilit at
a de o pose
aldeh des. The fo
Rizal a d He dis,
oio
ells th ough lipid
ea io s so that the ea io
the u satu ated fats i to
that
Wa e ke
ok
Pala ,
oilit a d lo g
the a aila ilit of Ca io s. Redd et al.
A o di g to
o ded to the Cd io s that e te
e s thesis o does ot
so
. Mo ita et al.
o e t aio s.
a e. The o di g of these t o o pou ds
e ause the e z
eta olis
a
th ough i hi iio
aio of e
esults i a de ease of e z
Li et al.,
o pou ds Cd
ith the sulh d l SH g oup is eas
to o u si e SH is eadil
pe o idaio
o e e t Ni hi et al.,
suggest that Cd is k o
to i
oilit of C. a pio
pe o idaio thus dis upi g the ut ie t t a spo t e ui ed
state that the ate of spe
edu e the ualit a d fu io of spe
the spe
ass a d i di idual
ate e posu e Cd
ea le to the to i
etals to e te spe
F ee adi als p odu ed
hea
L. spe
fo spe
.
of e z
Figure . Du aio of the
oio . The st u tu e of the spe
a e is highl pe
it easie fo hea
e th ough the
io ag ii aio . The i pa t of Cd to i it is
a ph siologi al diso de of e z
eta olis
a
ia ilit is
as o se ed usi g % Eosi a d
he e li i g spe
hile the dead spe
ish spe
o e a d its lifespa fo
as ed Figu e
± .
as t a spa e t i
.I
o t ol, the
%. Like othe spe
ualit
J. T op. Biodi . Biote h., Vol.
7,
pa a ete s, e posu e of Cd i
o e t aio
— 0
ate
ith
a ious
de eases the pe e tage of ish spe
,
,a d
sig ii a t p> .
± .
%; a d
pp
espe i el
as
± .
; ut sig ii a t p< .
± .
% Figu e
at
. F ase
et al.
added that h pe to i
soluio s due to the high o e t aio of hea
ia ilit . The pe e tage de ease ate the e posu e of Cd at
,
the spe
%
ot
± .
%;
.
ate s lead to a i
ease i os osis, esuli g i
The p ese e of plas a
po e
usi g spe
e
ell death.
a e da age a
stai i g. The da aged
auses the d e to e te
etals
also state
ause the
e
to
e
to o t a t. These aused the spe
i teg it of the
a e
auses the soluio
h pe to i . H pe to i soluio s a
e
e
ells. F ase et al.
that the e posu e to
the spe
etals i
e
a e of
to loss its
a e, leadi g to ell da aged o
death. Da da et al.
ell
stated that the a u ulaio of
Cd ould ea h the o e t aio s of
g/L i spe
ells,
hi h sho ed that all t eat e t g oups e pe ie ed
sig ii a t i
eases i
ell death o pa ed ith o t ols.
. . Efe t of Cd o ish fe ilizaio
I
ish, fe ilizaio
of eggs
a
e do e eithe
e te all o i te all , ut i C. a pio L is e te all i the
ate . A total of
eggs
e e take it i to t o
suspe sio , a d ot all the ish eggs
Figure . Spe
ia ilit of C. a pio L. l: li e spe
; d: dead
spe
spe
. The esult sho ed that fe ilized eggs i
fe ilizaio
ate of
±
fe ilizaio
ate of
± .
Highe
.
o e t aio s of Cd
a sig ii a t de ease i fe ilit
fe ilit fo a highe
± .
Figure . Spe
ia ilit of C. a pio L. spe
The ia ilit of spe
spe
st ess a d i
eases ROS le els Aga
aused the fo
ha ges i
the pe
o se ue tl
e a les
a
e
aio
ea ilit
ith ell
Cd has
%
ot sig ii a t p> .
,
,a d
p< .
o e t aio
% Figu e
pp
.
sho ed
. The pe e tage of
of Cd
ee
± .
%;
.
of
e
a es,
ole ules i side
eta olis , esuli g i
aio of
Figure . Fe ilized of C. a pio L. eggs ate e posu e Cd
of aldeh des,
ell
, the p ese e of hea
ate s auses the fo
the ell a d ha ges the pe
. The
ole ules to pe et ate the
death. A o di g to Gi z u g
etals i
o idai e
al et al.,
a e. The p ese e of these
the ells i te fe es
pp
ia ilit de eased at high
esuli g i
spe
o t ol ha e
ate e posu e Cd
edia. This ould e aused
high le el of ROS
± .
% a d the
the
is the su i al a ilit of the
. The pe e tage of spe
le els of Cd i the
%; a d
l spe
e e fe ilized
a
ea ilit of the tail
a uoles i
e
a e of
Ea h spe
has a e ual ha e to fe ilize a egg.
A o di g to F ase et al.
, the o plete h o ai
st u tu e a d DNA is a p e e uisite of spe
fe ilizaio
ate. Wo a o i h a d Ho ath
that the e t
lasted et ee
of spe
-
i to the egg th ough
se o ds, ate that, the
shut. I addiio to the li ited i e of the spe
i
the
stated
i ophilia o l
i ophilia is
to e te the
J. T op. Biodi . Biote h., Vol.
egg, the spe
su i al i e is also e
o e e t of ish spe
A o di g to He
e see
sho t. Mass a i e
i f esh ate is o l
a at
se o ds.
-
, su essful fe ilizaio
ill e loud like
e fe ilized Figu e
.
ualit
oth i
oilit a d ia ilit , a d
afe t the fe ilizaio of ish.
Refere ces
hite- ilk if it fails to
A as al F.J., Cosso J., Fau el C.
spe
. Cha a te izaio of
oilit i sea ass: the efe t of hea
a d ph si o he i al a ia les o
f
f
— 0
a
the olo of the egg that tu s i to lea ate
ei g fe ilized, ut
de ease spe
7,
Fish. Biol.
Aga
:
spe
etals
oilit . J.
.
-
al, A., G. Vi k, C. O g, a d SS Plessis,
, Efe t of
O idai e St ess o Male Rep odu io , Wo ld J Me s
Health,
: –
.
Ca ita, E., Ma í ez-Pá a o,
S., Ga aia, P. J., Ries o,
M.F., Val a e, D.G., Sa as uete, C., He áez, M. P.,
Ro les, V.,
. Fa to s e ha i g ish spe
a d e e gi g tools fo spe
,
Co
–
a al sis. A ua ultu e
.
el da Mille ,
, Ki ia da Etoksikologi Pe e a a ,
dite je ahka oleh Koestoe , S., hal.
Figure
. Fe ilizaio
, I do esia
U i e sit P ess, Jaka ta.
of C. a pio L eggs. f: the su ess of
fe ilizaio , ut f: loud like hite
ualit
Cosso , J.,
ilk if it fails to e fe ilized.
. The io i a d os oi fa to s a e o t olli g
oilit of ish spe
atozoa.
A ua ult I t.
,
–
.
Not all fe ilized ish eggs ill hat h i to la ae, due to
the lo
ualit of eggs aused
Set o o,
hea
Ca io s i to the ell
e
a e. Cd a d Ca io s
ha e the sa e ha a te isi s so that Cd io s a e te
th ough Ca ha
ell sig alli g path a s, espe iall
hi h
a
. This a also edu e spe
Co a d et al.,
, the i
atu aio
e e afe ted
follo ed
ste oidoge esis
A as al et al.,
, that spe
.
Cd e posu e i
s elli g of spe
of
a
Da
ill
that
oilit a d fe ilizaio of
ish.
. Co clusio s
oe a
ate
.
.
hu u ga
–
Li gku ga
hidup
da
pe e a a
a de ga toksikologi se a a loga . UI
Diet i h, G.J., Szp ka, A., Wojt zak, M., Do osz, S., Go
ai
o
a d
The ioge olog
.
,
Dz u a, V., Cosso , J.,
fo
Biol.
h d oge
oilit
zko,
. Efe ts of UV
pe o ide
o
DNA
a d fe ilizi g a ilit
t out O o h
hus
of
kiss spe
atozoa.
. Moilit of ish spe
atozoa:
–
.
e te al sig alli g to lagella espo se. Rep od.
,
-
.
F ase , L., St zeżek, J.,Ko da ,W.
. Efe t of f eezi g o
u lea DNA. Rep od. Do est. A i .
pol spe
o
of f esh
. Hal
Gi z u g, A. S.
pp
a d
Vol
spe
a d fe ilizaio of C. a pio Li
da ages
o o.
f ag e taio ,
oilit a d ia ilit
E posu e to Cd at o e t aio s of
O idai e
he a e se e posed to ad iu .
i adiaio
the p o ess of fe ilizi g the ish auses
Cd is to i to spe
.
.
-
Si opota o
o e t aio s of Cd,
a . Diet i h et al.
to edu e the
al.
K., )˙ ako ski, Ł., Cie eszko, A.,
the pe e tage of su essful
has lo
ha e a lo e fe ilizaio a
et
oilit a d ia ilit of
fe ilizaio . This is o siste t ith the state e t of He dis et
al.
.
P ess: Jaka ta.
ease of lipid pe o idaio , a d
the la ge
a de li e i
oilit
Ma.
:
ult ast u tu al ha ges i the spe
i po ta t i
o e t aio a d
This stud i di ates that the
spe
Da da ,
ells
de ease testoste o e le els Mo sei et al.,
i lue es spe
teleost ish. Re . Fish Biol. Fish.
els, i hi ii g the e o al of Ca io s. This
auses ad e se efe ts, e ause Ca io s a e e
J.
Ga ete ph siolog , fe ilizaio a d egg a i aio i
. The to i it of Cd is elated to the t a spo t
of al iu
a
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The Efect of Cad iu o Sper Quality a d Ferilizaio
of Cyprinus carpio L.
Aliah Ha ai*, Khus ita Gia i, Yuli Wi a sih, a d M. Hil a Fuadil A i
Biolog Depa t e t, Fa ult of S ie e a d Te h olog , U i e sitas Ai la gga,
*Co espo di g autho , e ail: aliaha ai @ ahoo. o , tel.: +
ARTICLE INFO
ABSTRACT
A i le histo :
Re ei ed / /
Re ei ed i e ised fo
A epted / /
The o je i e of the stud
/
a d fe ilizaio of C. a pio L. Spe
/
fo
.
/jt
the
atu e tesis a d o a
i e the efe t of ad iu
a d eggs
pp
ith eight epli aio s. Spe
i di idual
oilit du aio
o spe
e e olle ted
a do e st ipi g
oilit
a d ia ilit
o e t aio
ass
ee
,
oilit ,
,
ass
o de elop e t ate the eggs
ate fo
.
easu ed ate th ee to fou se o ds of
ee
i ed
ith spe
hou s. The su ess of the fe ilizaio p o ess
The data
spe
ualit
oilit
de eased the spe
pp
a d
. I troducio
Hu a a i iies i i dust , ag i ultu e o households
ease of polluta ts i
ajo polluta ts f o
etal su h as ad iu
al.,
. Cad iu
as the
ai
othe s
-
the i
is a to i hea
o au ilia
i kel- ad iu
% , the oai g
s thei
e tu ,
ate ials
-
-
.
Hea
-
% , pig e t
% , sta ilize s a d othe
% . U il the e d of the
% of the total glo al polluio
Mille ,
the i dust , a o g
i dust
ate ial
Mish a et
etal hi h is ote used
ate ial i
ate
a uai
aste t eat e ts a e
Cd a d lead P
etals
as Cd Co
e posu e
a
th
ell a d
dis upt
ph siologi al p o esses a d gi e to i efe ts to o ga is s
Pat i ,
ad iu
ia ilit
as i di ated
a d o t ol g oup sho
a d fe ilizaio ,
ualit a d fe ilizaio
e posu e de eases spe
ha e i pa ts o
o se i g
a d i u ated i the
a olo
hite- ilk if failed.
e e a al zed usi g a al sis of a ia e α = 0.05). The esults of this stud
i di ate that e posu e of
a hea
,a d
oilit du aio , a d
ha ge of the egg that da ke s ate su essful fe ilizaio , a d
e os ste s. The
,
i u aio i the ate . The pe e tage of fe ilit su ess as al ulated
e
ualit
of C. a pio L. This stud used o e o t ol a d fou
t eat e t g oups of a iaio o the ad iu
Ke o ds:
Cad iu
C p i us a pio L.
Fe ilizaio
Spe
ualit ,
DOI:
as to dete
.
Cell da age due to Cd e posu e, a o g othe s a e
ate. It a
ualit a d fe ilit at
pp
su ess i te
ut at
pp
of
o
oe
e o luded that ad iu
o highe o e t aio s.
ha ges i sulh d l ho eostasis a d de eased a io ida t
apa it
)
the i hi iio of the e z
a d Se i
etalloe z
e a d epla e e t of
es, thus
a i it . These ga e ise to the fo
edu i g
eta oli
aio of ea i e o ge
spe ies ROS that p odu e o idai e st ess i
ells a d ause
da ages su h as lipid pe o idaio , dest u io of p otei
st u tu e a d fu io , a d
utaio s i DNA Valko et al.,
.
The to i it of hea
etals afe ts
su h as ish a d a i di e tl afe t the
o ga s that o su e the . Siu et al.,
e e i t odu ed to the ish
a u ulaio
fo
e io
ate o ga is s
ale ep odu i e
. Hea
od th ough a so pio
etals
a d
e t. These dis upted the
st u tu e a d fu io of issues a d o ga s Jezie ska a d
Witeska,
. Hea
etal polluio has ee
epo ted to
J. T op. Biodi . Biote h., Vol.
i hi it spe
7,
atoge esis i
The
o
o
— 0
ale goldish Ta dju g,
a p C p i us
Cal ulaio s
.
a pio L is a
e e pe fo
ed o
spe
ells fo ea h
epeiio i o e t eat e t.
idel
uli ated spe ies of ish. The deadl efe ts a d to i iies of
a ious
etals ha e
Maso ,
ate
ee
. Spe
oilit
, Cosso ,
espi aio
oile
ill o u
. The
at i uted to a se ies of ellula
spe
e og ized i
ish e o e
a d spe
Mo isa a,
idel
edu io
soluio
eased
stai ed
i
ATP
. The o je i e of this
easu ed ate the i st diluio . O e
d op of suspe sio is pla ed i to o e d op of
e
a
Via ilit
The ia ilit is
a sho t i e
ha ges, i ludi g i
ates a d a d asi
as to dete
spe
i
. . Spe
eleased i
oilit of spe
o te t Dz u a a d Cosso ,
stud
he
goldish
ith a
ate o a Cd
a ious o e t aio , the
ith % Eosi a d
s ea ed a d
% Nig osi a d the
fo the pe e tage of li i g spe
the olo , hile li i g spe
al ulated
. Dead spe
ill ot a so
ill a so
the olo
i e the efe t of Cd o the ualit of
. . Fe ilizaio
a d fe ilit of C. a pio, L.
I the o se aio of fe ilizaio , t o
. Materials a d Methods
The
suspe sio
ate ials used i this e pe i e t a e CdCl , . %
NaCl, fe ale a d
ale C. Ca pio L. f o
ith
as
a ious
used a o plete a do ized desig
as i di ated
o sisi g of o e o t ol
g oup a d fou t eat e ts ith a ious o e t aio s of Cd
,a d
pp
The spe
l of the se e
NaCl. As
l
-
Ea h t eat e t used
l s i ge. O e
te i es
l of eggs
-
ith . %
l
ha ge of egg olo to lea ate
ut
ill
e loud like
hite- ilk if fe ilizaio
fo
ass
oilit ,
o e a
hile othe pa a ete s
a ia e ANOVA p < ,
. Results a d Discussio
spe
oilit
oilit is
dilui g the sa ple i
diluted agai
oilit
if o
spe
spe
ass
ate , the i u ated fo
oilit
o e, t o if
as
s.
as al ulated usi g a s o e
o e e t is o se ed, o e if
o se ed
l
o e, th ee if
o e tha
% spe
%
a
pp
as
a d
oilit
diluio . O e hu d ed
du aio
is
easu ed ate the i st
l of suspe sio is pla ed o a glass
o a e the diluted agai
ith
l
ate o Cd soluio
ith a ious o e t aio s. Ate i u ated fo
sa ple as al ulated fo the du aio of
The du aio of i di idual
the i st diluio . Fo t
o a e o je t the
the
l of spe
dissol ed
ass
oilit is
s, the
oilit .
easu ed ate
suspe sio is pla ed o a
ith
l
ate o Cd
ith a ious o e t aio s, i u ated fo
al ulated fo the du aio of the i di idual
spe
of ish
a d NaCl
e o es h pe a i e ate
se o ds at oo
te pe atu e. The
oilit
± , ut at o e t aio s of
pp
the e
alue p < .
Figu e
ass
o
oe
as a sig ii a t de ease i
ass
± ,
±
,
; .
pp
± .
; a d
.
Mass
Mass
oilit
suspe sio
ate . Moilit
-
ass
oilit s o e of the o t ol g oup a d the Cd t eat e t
o e.
soluio
ith
i u aio fo
% of o se ed
% o se ed spe
o e a d fou if
is a i e he the spe
is diluted
suspe sio
. % NaCl. The suspe sio
l of
The pe e tage of
of
easu ed i the spe
ith
e e a al zed
a d Du a test.
The esults sho ed that the
Mass
ei g
e e a al zed usi g K uskal-Wallis p < ,
. . Efe t of Cd o
of . % NaCl.
. . Spe
ee
e e olle ted i a up.
eggs a d diluted usi g to
-
i utes. O se aio s
hou s of fe ilizaio . Su essful fe ilizaio
The data
e e olle ted
as olle ted i
as take to dilute
u h as
eggs. Wate o Cd soluio
as added a d ho oge ized
. . Data a al sis
a d eggs
a d eggs of the ish
st ippi g. Se e
fe ilized,
l of spe
failed.
.
. . Colle io of ish spe
ith
usi g ooste feathe fo i e
F esh ate
ade ate
,
i ed
o e t aio
A ua ultu e I stallaio , Batu Mala g, East Ja a. This stud
,
lea .
spe
oilit du aio is the i e e ui ed fo
ass
oilit , hi h is dife e t fo ea h g oup. Du aio of
ass
oilit at the o t ol is
sig ii a tl
p< .
± .
se o d ut de eased
ate e posu e of Cd. The highe the
o e t aio of Cd the less du aio of
ea du aio of Cd of
espe i el
± .
.
± .
,
;
.
ass
,
, a d
± .
;
.
±
oilit . The
pp
e e,
.
; a d
se o ds Figu e A .
The du aio of i di idual
s, a d
fo the
oilit .
sho ed the du aio
oilit is the i e e ui ed
oilit of ea h i di idual o spe
ell. The esults
e ui ed fo ea h spe
ell a ies
J. T op. Biodi . Biote h., Vol.
7,
— 0
A
Figure . S o e of the
ass
oilit of C. a pio L. spe
ate
e posu e Cd
et ee g oups. The highest du aio
as fou d i
he eas the Cd t eat e t de eased the
ea h spe
ell sig ii a tl
o t ol
.
± .
p< .
± .
se o d, ut o the t eat e t of a ious
;a d
Cad iu
oilit du aio of
. I di idual du aio at
o e t aio of Cd espe i el
.
B
o t ol,
.
± .
.
± .
;
.
± .
;
se o ds Figu e B .
to i it i a uai o ga is s de eases ell
a d issue fu io
he the o e t aio s a e lo , ut at
high o e t aio s leads to the death of the o ga is . Cd
a
e i t odu ed i to the
a u ulaio o
od
Da
o o,
e fu io i
. Ma
hea
the st u tu e a d ph siolog of spe
a i aio
e
a d spe
al.,
ells a d its
etal efe ts o
, i ludi g i hi ii g
ate ial,
aki g
ells Lah stei e et
e a i it . The fo
etal ea io s
e
i lue ed
io s,
o pou ds f o
F ee adi als f o
e u de goes de atu aio
Cd a e te the spe
a
this aldeh de auses spe
; Ca ita et al.,
a i it
is
ith the a i it of Ca
de eases
esea h that has
ith
high
ee
do e
Cd
de ease i the spe
g/L. Cd io s a
o e e ts a d
i d p otei s that afe t
eat- oss e z
i di gs that afe t spe
.
ells sus epi le to f ee adi als
.
ell
eta olis
, leadi g to a de ease i spe
. . Efe ts of Cd o spe
Spe
e f e ue ies, o
Lah stei e et al.
oilit
ates.
spe
ausi g i
a
of ATP
e afe ted
i se e . It's i po ta t to
eased lipid
ia ilit
% Nig osi stai i g,
olo
ia ilit
ia ilit is the pe e tage of li i g a d health
fe ilit . The spe
. Moilit
etals
spe
aio of
Moilit depe ds o e e g suppl i the fo
st ess due to hea
Ca
to i te fe e
, Cd auses a
oilit at
a de o pose
aldeh des. The fo
Rizal a d He dis,
oio
ells th ough lipid
ea io s so that the ea io
the u satu ated fats i to
that
Wa e ke
ok
Pala ,
oilit a d lo g
the a aila ilit of Ca io s. Redd et al.
A o di g to
o ded to the Cd io s that e te
e s thesis o does ot
so
. Mo ita et al.
o e t aio s.
a e. The o di g of these t o o pou ds
e ause the e z
eta olis
a
th ough i hi iio
aio of e
esults i a de ease of e z
Li et al.,
o pou ds Cd
ith the sulh d l SH g oup is eas
to o u si e SH is eadil
pe o idaio
o e e t Ni hi et al.,
suggest that Cd is k o
to i
oilit of C. a pio
pe o idaio thus dis upi g the ut ie t t a spo t e ui ed
state that the ate of spe
edu e the ualit a d fu io of spe
the spe
ass a d i di idual
ate e posu e Cd
ea le to the to i
etals to e te spe
F ee adi als p odu ed
hea
L. spe
fo spe
.
of e z
Figure . Du aio of the
oio . The st u tu e of the spe
a e is highl pe
it easie fo hea
e th ough the
io ag ii aio . The i pa t of Cd to i it is
a ph siologi al diso de of e z
eta olis
a
ia ilit is
as o se ed usi g % Eosi a d
he e li i g spe
hile the dead spe
ish spe
o e a d its lifespa fo
as ed Figu e
± .
as t a spa e t i
.I
o t ol, the
%. Like othe spe
ualit
J. T op. Biodi . Biote h., Vol.
7,
pa a ete s, e posu e of Cd i
o e t aio
— 0
ate
ith
a ious
de eases the pe e tage of ish spe
,
,a d
sig ii a t p> .
± .
%; a d
pp
espe i el
as
± .
; ut sig ii a t p< .
± .
% Figu e
at
. F ase
et al.
added that h pe to i
soluio s due to the high o e t aio of hea
ia ilit . The pe e tage de ease ate the e posu e of Cd at
,
the spe
%
ot
± .
%;
.
ate s lead to a i
ease i os osis, esuli g i
The p ese e of plas a
po e
usi g spe
e
ell death.
a e da age a
stai i g. The da aged
auses the d e to e te
etals
also state
ause the
e
to
e
to o t a t. These aused the spe
i teg it of the
a e
auses the soluio
h pe to i . H pe to i soluio s a
e
e
ells. F ase et al.
that the e posu e to
the spe
etals i
e
a e of
to loss its
a e, leadi g to ell da aged o
death. Da da et al.
ell
stated that the a u ulaio of
Cd ould ea h the o e t aio s of
g/L i spe
ells,
hi h sho ed that all t eat e t g oups e pe ie ed
sig ii a t i
eases i
ell death o pa ed ith o t ols.
. . Efe t of Cd o ish fe ilizaio
I
ish, fe ilizaio
of eggs
a
e do e eithe
e te all o i te all , ut i C. a pio L is e te all i the
ate . A total of
eggs
e e take it i to t o
suspe sio , a d ot all the ish eggs
Figure . Spe
ia ilit of C. a pio L. l: li e spe
; d: dead
spe
spe
. The esult sho ed that fe ilized eggs i
fe ilizaio
ate of
±
fe ilizaio
ate of
± .
Highe
.
o e t aio s of Cd
a sig ii a t de ease i fe ilit
fe ilit fo a highe
± .
Figure . Spe
ia ilit of C. a pio L. spe
The ia ilit of spe
spe
st ess a d i
eases ROS le els Aga
aused the fo
ha ges i
the pe
o se ue tl
e a les
a
e
aio
ea ilit
ith ell
Cd has
%
ot sig ii a t p> .
,
,a d
p< .
o e t aio
% Figu e
pp
.
sho ed
. The pe e tage of
of Cd
ee
± .
%;
.
of
e
a es,
ole ules i side
eta olis , esuli g i
aio of
Figure . Fe ilized of C. a pio L. eggs ate e posu e Cd
of aldeh des,
ell
, the p ese e of hea
ate s auses the fo
the ell a d ha ges the pe
. The
ole ules to pe et ate the
death. A o di g to Gi z u g
etals i
o idai e
al et al.,
a e. The p ese e of these
the ells i te fe es
pp
ia ilit de eased at high
esuli g i
spe
o t ol ha e
ate e posu e Cd
edia. This ould e aused
high le el of ROS
± .
% a d the
the
is the su i al a ilit of the
. The pe e tage of spe
le els of Cd i the
%; a d
l spe
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Ea h spe
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