Korelasi Usia, Jenis Kelamin, Status Sosioekonomi dan Ketergantungan Mahasiswa Universitas Sumatera Utara terhadap Nikotin dan Kategorinya sebagai Perokok
44
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Aditama, T. Y., 2002. Smoking Problem in Indonesia, Med J Indonesia, 11, 5665.
Alexopoulos et al., 2010, Cigarette Smoking Among University Student in Greece: A
Comparison Between Medical and Other Students, Environ Health Prev Med,
15, 115-120
American Psychiatric Association. 2000. Diagnostic and statistical manual of
mental disorders : DSM-IV-TR. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric
Association.
Artana B., Rai N., 2009. Tingkat Ketergantungan Nikotin dan Faktor-Faktor yang
Berhubungan pada Perokok di Desa Penglipuran. Bagian/SMF Ilmu
Penyakit Dalam FK Unud/RSUP Sanglah Denpasar.
Ashton K., Streem D., 2014. Smoking Cessation. Cleveland Clinic. Available from:
http://www.clevelandclinicmeded.com/medicalpubs/disease management/
psychiatry-psychology/smoking-cessation/ [Diakses 30 Maret 2015]
Aula L.E., 2010. Stop Merokok. Yogyakarta: Garailmu.
Bustan M.N., 2007. Epidemiologi Penyakit Tidak Menular . Rineka Cipta, Jakarta
Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention, 2005. MMWR annual
smoking-attributable mortality, years of potential lifelost, and productivity
losses. United States, 1997-2001.New York
Universitas Sumatera Utara
45
Dahlan M.S., 2009. Besar Sampel dan Cara Pengambilan Sampel dalam Peneltian
Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Edisi 2: Salemba Medika
Dahlan M.S. , 2015. Hipotesis Korelatif. In Statistik untuk Kedokteran dan Kesehatan
Edisi 6. 223-235.
Difranza et al., 2013, What Aspect of Dependence Dose Fagestrom Test for Nicotine
Dependence Measure? http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/906276 4 [Diakses 14
Mei 2015]
Everett, S.,, Husten, C., Kann, L., Warren, C., Sharp, D., & Crosset, L. (1999).
Journal of American College Health, 48, 55-60.Smoking initiation and
smoking patterns among US college students.
Fauci et al., 2008. Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine, 17th Edition, USA:
McGraw-Hill.
Gajalakshmi et al., 2003. Smoking and mortality from tuberculosis and the
diseases in India: retrospective study of 43 000 adult male deaths and
35 000 controls,;362:507-515
Global Health Professions Student Survey (GHPSS), 2006. Indonesia -Medical
Students Fact Sheet. Available from: http://www.searo.who.int/entity/
tobacco/data/Tfi_ghpss.pdf. [Diakses 28 April 2015]
Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS), 2009. Indonesia (Ages 13-15) Global Youth
Tobacco Survey (GYTS) Fact Sheet. Available from: http://www.searo.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
46
who.int/entity/noncommunicable_diseases/data/ino_gyts_fs_2009.pdf.
[Diakses 20 Mei 2015]
Hanson MD, Chen E, 2007. Socioeconomic Status and Health Behaviors in
Adolescence. Journal Of Behavioral Medicine Volume 30, Issues 3, pp
263-285. [Diakses 29 November 2015]
Harvey, R.A., & Champe, P.C., 2009. Lippincott’s Illustrated Reviews: Pharmacology,
4th Edition, USA: Lippincott-Wiliams and Wilkins .
Kalesan B et al., 2006. The Joint Influence of Parental and Positive Parental Concern
on Cigarettes Smoking in Middle and High School Students. Journal Of
School Health, Volume 76, Issues 8, pp 402-407. [ Diakses 29 November
2015]
Kenford et al., 2005. Progression of College Age Cigarette Samplers: What
Influences Outcome?, Addictive Behaviors, 30, 285-294 cit. Levinson, et al.,
2007. Smoking, but not smokers: Identity among
college students
who smokes cigarettes, Nicotine & Tobacco Research, 9(8)845-852.
Kumar S. et al., 2011. Prevalence and Factors Associated with Current Smoking
Among Medical Students in Coastal South India, Kathmandu University
Medical Journal, 9,233-237
Levinson et al., 2007, Smoking, but not smokers: Identity among college
students who smokes cigarettes. Nicotine & Tobacco Research,
9(8)845-852.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
47
Mao et al., 2009. Psychosocial Correlates of Cigarette Smoking Among College
Students in China, Health Education Research,24, 105-118.
National Health Interview Survey, 1986. Vital and Health Statistics of the
National Center for Health Statistics, Advance Data No. 126. Dept of
Health and Human Services.
National Institute For Drug Abuse For Teens, 2015 .Drug facts Tobacco , Nicotine
and E-Cigarettes. Available from: http://teens.drugabuse.gov/drug-facts
/tobacco- nicotine-e-cigarettes [Diakses 4 April 2015]
National Survey on Drug Use & Health, 2003. www.oas.samhsa_gov/nsduh.htm,
[Diakses 14 Mei 2015]
Nichter et al., 2006. Gendered Dimensions Of Smoking Among College Students.
Journal Of Adolescent Research Vol 21.
Nichter et al., 2009. Reading culture from tobacco advertisements in Indonesia.
Tobacco Control 18.
Organisation For Economic Co-operation and Development, 2013. Smoking in
OECD Factbook .Economic, Environmental and Social Statistics,
OECD Publishing. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/f
actbook-2013-98-en. [Diakses 26 Maret 2015]
Paavola et al.. 2004. Smoking From Adolescence to Adulthood, the Effects of
Parental and Own Socioeconomic Status. European of Public Health, 14(4):
417-420 [Diakses 1 November 2015]
Universitas Sumatera Utara
48
Park et al., 2012. Age-associated Changes in Nicotine Dependence. Available from:
http://dx.dol.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2012.02.007 [Diakses 4 November 2015]
Perkins KA, Fonte C, Sanders M, Meeker J, Wilson A, 2001. Threshold doses for
nicotine discrimination in smokers and non-smokers. Psychopharmacology
2001;155(2):163-70. [ 1 November 2015]
Pusat Data dan Informasi PERSI, 2006. Profil Kesehatan Indonesia 2006. Available
from: http://www.depkes.go.id/download.php?file=download/pusdatin/profil
-kesehatan-indonesia/profil-kesehatan-indonesia-2006.pdf [Diakses 28 April
2015]
Pusat Promosi Kesehatan, 2013. Laporan Tahunan Pusat Promosi Kesehatan Tahun
2013. Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Available from:
http://promkes.depkes.go.id/dl/laptah%20promkes%202013.pdf
Riset Kesehatan Dasar, 2010. Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) 2010. Badan
Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Kementerian Kesehatan RI Tahun
2010.
Riset Kesehatan Dasar, 2013. Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) 2013. Badan
Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Kementerian Kesehatan RI Tahun
2013.
Royal College of Physicians of London. 2000. Nicotine addiction in Britain: A report
of the Tobacco Advisory Group of the Royal College of Physicians. London:
Royal College of Physicians of London.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
49
Rozi et al., 2007. Correlates of Cigarettes Smoking Among Male College Students in
Karachi, Pakistan, BMC Public Health, 7, 312-319.
Scragg et al., 2002. Cigarette Smoking, Pocket Money and Socioeconomic Status:
Results From A National Survey of 4th Form Students in 2000. The New
Zealand Medical Journal, 115
Smoke-Free Forsyth, 2015. What's in a Cigarette?. Tobacco 101.
http://www.smokefreeforsyth.org/tobacco_cigarette.aspx [Diakses 14
April 2015]
Survei Kesehatan Rumah Tangga, 2004. Survei Nasional: Survei Kesehatan Rumah
Tangga (SKRT) 2004 Volume 3. Available from: http://www.perpustakaan.
depkes.go.id/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=201&shelfbrowse
_itemnumber=393. [Diakses 26 Maret 2015]
Susanna D. et al., 2003. Penentuan nikotin dalam
asap rokok.7, 38-41
Susantoro, A.A. 2003. Sejarah Pers Indonesia. Jakarta
Tan, L., Tang, Q., & Hao, W. 2009. Nicotine dependence and smoking cessation.
Zhong nan da xue xue bao.Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South
University . Medical Sciences, 34(11), 1049-1057.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. 2009. The surgeon general’s
call to action to promote healthy homes. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department
of Health and Human Services, Office of the Surgeon General.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
50
Weschler et al., 2001. Cigarette Use by College Students in Smoke-Free
Housing, American Journal of Preventive Medicine,20, 202-207.
Wigand, J.S., 2006. Additives, Cigarette Design and Tobacco Product
Regulation, A Report To:WHO, Tobacco Free Initiative. Tobacco
Product Regulation Group, World Health Organization.
World Health Organisation, 2015. Tobacco. Available from:
http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs339/en/# [Diakses 26
Mei 2015].
World Health Organization , 2012. Global Adult Tobacco Survey: Indonesia
Report 2011. Availablefrom:http://www.searo.who.int/entity/tobacco/
data/gats_indonesia_2011.pdf [Diakses 28 Maret 2015]
Universitas Sumatera Utara
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Aditama, T. Y., 2002. Smoking Problem in Indonesia, Med J Indonesia, 11, 5665.
Alexopoulos et al., 2010, Cigarette Smoking Among University Student in Greece: A
Comparison Between Medical and Other Students, Environ Health Prev Med,
15, 115-120
American Psychiatric Association. 2000. Diagnostic and statistical manual of
mental disorders : DSM-IV-TR. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric
Association.
Artana B., Rai N., 2009. Tingkat Ketergantungan Nikotin dan Faktor-Faktor yang
Berhubungan pada Perokok di Desa Penglipuran. Bagian/SMF Ilmu
Penyakit Dalam FK Unud/RSUP Sanglah Denpasar.
Ashton K., Streem D., 2014. Smoking Cessation. Cleveland Clinic. Available from:
http://www.clevelandclinicmeded.com/medicalpubs/disease management/
psychiatry-psychology/smoking-cessation/ [Diakses 30 Maret 2015]
Aula L.E., 2010. Stop Merokok. Yogyakarta: Garailmu.
Bustan M.N., 2007. Epidemiologi Penyakit Tidak Menular . Rineka Cipta, Jakarta
Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention, 2005. MMWR annual
smoking-attributable mortality, years of potential lifelost, and productivity
losses. United States, 1997-2001.New York
Universitas Sumatera Utara
45
Dahlan M.S., 2009. Besar Sampel dan Cara Pengambilan Sampel dalam Peneltian
Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Edisi 2: Salemba Medika
Dahlan M.S. , 2015. Hipotesis Korelatif. In Statistik untuk Kedokteran dan Kesehatan
Edisi 6. 223-235.
Difranza et al., 2013, What Aspect of Dependence Dose Fagestrom Test for Nicotine
Dependence Measure? http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/906276 4 [Diakses 14
Mei 2015]
Everett, S.,, Husten, C., Kann, L., Warren, C., Sharp, D., & Crosset, L. (1999).
Journal of American College Health, 48, 55-60.Smoking initiation and
smoking patterns among US college students.
Fauci et al., 2008. Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine, 17th Edition, USA:
McGraw-Hill.
Gajalakshmi et al., 2003. Smoking and mortality from tuberculosis and the
diseases in India: retrospective study of 43 000 adult male deaths and
35 000 controls,;362:507-515
Global Health Professions Student Survey (GHPSS), 2006. Indonesia -Medical
Students Fact Sheet. Available from: http://www.searo.who.int/entity/
tobacco/data/Tfi_ghpss.pdf. [Diakses 28 April 2015]
Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS), 2009. Indonesia (Ages 13-15) Global Youth
Tobacco Survey (GYTS) Fact Sheet. Available from: http://www.searo.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
46
who.int/entity/noncommunicable_diseases/data/ino_gyts_fs_2009.pdf.
[Diakses 20 Mei 2015]
Hanson MD, Chen E, 2007. Socioeconomic Status and Health Behaviors in
Adolescence. Journal Of Behavioral Medicine Volume 30, Issues 3, pp
263-285. [Diakses 29 November 2015]
Harvey, R.A., & Champe, P.C., 2009. Lippincott’s Illustrated Reviews: Pharmacology,
4th Edition, USA: Lippincott-Wiliams and Wilkins .
Kalesan B et al., 2006. The Joint Influence of Parental and Positive Parental Concern
on Cigarettes Smoking in Middle and High School Students. Journal Of
School Health, Volume 76, Issues 8, pp 402-407. [ Diakses 29 November
2015]
Kenford et al., 2005. Progression of College Age Cigarette Samplers: What
Influences Outcome?, Addictive Behaviors, 30, 285-294 cit. Levinson, et al.,
2007. Smoking, but not smokers: Identity among
college students
who smokes cigarettes, Nicotine & Tobacco Research, 9(8)845-852.
Kumar S. et al., 2011. Prevalence and Factors Associated with Current Smoking
Among Medical Students in Coastal South India, Kathmandu University
Medical Journal, 9,233-237
Levinson et al., 2007, Smoking, but not smokers: Identity among college
students who smokes cigarettes. Nicotine & Tobacco Research,
9(8)845-852.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
47
Mao et al., 2009. Psychosocial Correlates of Cigarette Smoking Among College
Students in China, Health Education Research,24, 105-118.
National Health Interview Survey, 1986. Vital and Health Statistics of the
National Center for Health Statistics, Advance Data No. 126. Dept of
Health and Human Services.
National Institute For Drug Abuse For Teens, 2015 .Drug facts Tobacco , Nicotine
and E-Cigarettes. Available from: http://teens.drugabuse.gov/drug-facts
/tobacco- nicotine-e-cigarettes [Diakses 4 April 2015]
National Survey on Drug Use & Health, 2003. www.oas.samhsa_gov/nsduh.htm,
[Diakses 14 Mei 2015]
Nichter et al., 2006. Gendered Dimensions Of Smoking Among College Students.
Journal Of Adolescent Research Vol 21.
Nichter et al., 2009. Reading culture from tobacco advertisements in Indonesia.
Tobacco Control 18.
Organisation For Economic Co-operation and Development, 2013. Smoking in
OECD Factbook .Economic, Environmental and Social Statistics,
OECD Publishing. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/f
actbook-2013-98-en. [Diakses 26 Maret 2015]
Paavola et al.. 2004. Smoking From Adolescence to Adulthood, the Effects of
Parental and Own Socioeconomic Status. European of Public Health, 14(4):
417-420 [Diakses 1 November 2015]
Universitas Sumatera Utara
48
Park et al., 2012. Age-associated Changes in Nicotine Dependence. Available from:
http://dx.dol.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2012.02.007 [Diakses 4 November 2015]
Perkins KA, Fonte C, Sanders M, Meeker J, Wilson A, 2001. Threshold doses for
nicotine discrimination in smokers and non-smokers. Psychopharmacology
2001;155(2):163-70. [ 1 November 2015]
Pusat Data dan Informasi PERSI, 2006. Profil Kesehatan Indonesia 2006. Available
from: http://www.depkes.go.id/download.php?file=download/pusdatin/profil
-kesehatan-indonesia/profil-kesehatan-indonesia-2006.pdf [Diakses 28 April
2015]
Pusat Promosi Kesehatan, 2013. Laporan Tahunan Pusat Promosi Kesehatan Tahun
2013. Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Available from:
http://promkes.depkes.go.id/dl/laptah%20promkes%202013.pdf
Riset Kesehatan Dasar, 2010. Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) 2010. Badan
Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Kementerian Kesehatan RI Tahun
2010.
Riset Kesehatan Dasar, 2013. Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) 2013. Badan
Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Kementerian Kesehatan RI Tahun
2013.
Royal College of Physicians of London. 2000. Nicotine addiction in Britain: A report
of the Tobacco Advisory Group of the Royal College of Physicians. London:
Royal College of Physicians of London.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
49
Rozi et al., 2007. Correlates of Cigarettes Smoking Among Male College Students in
Karachi, Pakistan, BMC Public Health, 7, 312-319.
Scragg et al., 2002. Cigarette Smoking, Pocket Money and Socioeconomic Status:
Results From A National Survey of 4th Form Students in 2000. The New
Zealand Medical Journal, 115
Smoke-Free Forsyth, 2015. What's in a Cigarette?. Tobacco 101.
http://www.smokefreeforsyth.org/tobacco_cigarette.aspx [Diakses 14
April 2015]
Survei Kesehatan Rumah Tangga, 2004. Survei Nasional: Survei Kesehatan Rumah
Tangga (SKRT) 2004 Volume 3. Available from: http://www.perpustakaan.
depkes.go.id/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=201&shelfbrowse
_itemnumber=393. [Diakses 26 Maret 2015]
Susanna D. et al., 2003. Penentuan nikotin dalam
asap rokok.7, 38-41
Susantoro, A.A. 2003. Sejarah Pers Indonesia. Jakarta
Tan, L., Tang, Q., & Hao, W. 2009. Nicotine dependence and smoking cessation.
Zhong nan da xue xue bao.Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South
University . Medical Sciences, 34(11), 1049-1057.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. 2009. The surgeon general’s
call to action to promote healthy homes. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department
of Health and Human Services, Office of the Surgeon General.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
50
Weschler et al., 2001. Cigarette Use by College Students in Smoke-Free
Housing, American Journal of Preventive Medicine,20, 202-207.
Wigand, J.S., 2006. Additives, Cigarette Design and Tobacco Product
Regulation, A Report To:WHO, Tobacco Free Initiative. Tobacco
Product Regulation Group, World Health Organization.
World Health Organisation, 2015. Tobacco. Available from:
http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs339/en/# [Diakses 26
Mei 2015].
World Health Organization , 2012. Global Adult Tobacco Survey: Indonesia
Report 2011. Availablefrom:http://www.searo.who.int/entity/tobacco/
data/gats_indonesia_2011.pdf [Diakses 28 Maret 2015]
Universitas Sumatera Utara